{"id":97569,"date":"2023-08-29T10:09:17","date_gmt":"2023-08-29T10:09:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/fact\/azbest\/"},"modified":"2026-07-22T14:14:59","modified_gmt":"2026-07-22T14:14:59","slug":"azbest","status":"publish","type":"fact","link":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/cs\/fact\/azbest\/","title":{"rendered":"Azbest"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b je v EU azbestu vystaveno 4,1 a\u017e 7,3 milionu pracovn\u00edk\u016f a odhaduje se, \u017ee azbest je ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou \u00famrt\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 90 000 lid\u00ed. Azbest je za\u0159azen do kategorie 1A karcinogen\u016f, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za jednozna\u010dnou p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu rakoviny u lid\u00ed. <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Vdechov\u00e1n\u00ed azbestov\u00fdch vl\u00e1ken m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit chronick\u00e1 plicn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, jako je rakovina plic, rakovina plicn\u00ed v\u00fdstelky a mezoteliom (rakovina pohrudnice a pob\u0159i\u0161nice) a azbest\u00f3za (z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 zjizven\u00ed plic zp\u016fsobuj\u00edc\u00ed postupnou du\u0161nost). Podle Sv\u011btov\u00e9 zdravotnick\u00e9 organizace je p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b polovina v\u0161ech \u00famrt\u00ed na rakovinu z povol\u00e1n\u00ed zp\u016fsobena azbestem. <\/p>\n

Kde se vyskytuj\u00ed rizika<\/h2>\n

Riziko m\u016f\u017ee nastat p\u0159i renovaci nebo demolici budov, technick\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nebo lod\u00ed nebo p\u0159i odstra\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1sledk\u016f t\u011bchto \u010dinnost\u00ed. Hlavn\u00edm odv\u011btv\u00edm, kde doch\u00e1z\u00ed k expozici, je Stavebnictv\u00ed. Exponovan\u00ed pracovn\u00edci mohou pracovat p\u0159i demolici, renovaci dom\u016f, pokl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed podlahov\u00fdch krytin, pokr\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed st\u0159ech nebo jako mechanici v pr\u016fmyslu. Dal\u0161\u00edmi rizikov\u00fdmi profesemi jsou pracovn\u00edci v lod\u011bnic\u00edch, hasi\u010di, pracovn\u00edci v elektr\u00e1rn\u00e1ch a pracovn\u00edci v odpadov\u00e9m hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed. <\/p>\n

V\u00edce o l\u00e1tce<\/h2>\n

Azbest se hojn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edval ve stavb\u00e1ch a stavebn\u00edch materi\u00e1lech, ve stroj\u00edch, vozidlech a spot\u0159ebn\u00edm zbo\u017e\u00ed. Azbest je souhrnn\u00fd term\u00edn pro p\u0159irozen\u011b se vyskytuj\u00edc\u00ed silik\u00e1tov\u00e9 miner\u00e1ly s krystalickou strukturou a vl\u00e1knitou strukturou. Jednotliv\u00e1 azbestov\u00e1 vl\u00e1kna nelze vid\u011bt ani c\u00edtit. Azbestov\u00e1 vl\u00e1kna se uvol\u0148uj\u00ed do ovzdu\u0161\u00ed p\u0159i \u010dinnostech, p\u0159i nich\u017e se pracuje s materi\u00e1ly obsahuj\u00edc\u00edmi azbest. <\/p>\n

Vl\u00e1kna pak mohou b\u00fdt vdechnuta, ani\u017e by o tom v\u011bd\u011bli, a zachycena v plic\u00edch nebo usazena v tr\u00e1vic\u00edm traktu. Evropsk\u00e1 unie v roce 2005 zak\u00e1zala ve\u0161ker\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed i t\u011b\u017ebu, v\u00fdrobu a zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed azbestov\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f z azbestu. <\/p>\n

V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b plat\u00ed z\u00e1vazn\u00e1 mezn\u00ed hodnota expozice na pracovi\u0161ti stanoven\u00e1 EU, kter\u00e1 \u010din\u00ed 0,1 vl\u00e1kna\/cm\u00b3 (\u010dasov\u011b v\u00e1\u017een\u00fd pr\u016fm\u011br).<\/p>\n

Nebezpe\u010d\u00ed, kter\u00e1 mohou nastat<\/h2>\n

Vdechovan\u00e1 vl\u00e1kna azbestu mohou v pr\u016fb\u011bhu mnoha let zp\u016fsobit z\u00e1n\u011bt, kter\u00fd vy\u00fast\u00ed v rakovinu, konkr\u00e9tn\u011b v rakovinu plic a mezoteliom. Prvn\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edznaky rakoviny souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s azbestem mohou b\u00fdt du\u0161nost, ka\u0161el, bolest na hrudi, za\u017e\u00edvac\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017ee a nevolnost. <\/p>\n

Doba latence mezi expozic\u00ed a vznikem rakoviny souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s azbestem se pohybuje od 15 do 50 let v z\u00e1vislosti na typu azbestu, m\u00ed\u0159e expozice, typu rakoviny a faktorech \u017eivotn\u00edho stylu.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Co m\u016f\u017eete ud\u011blat<\/h2>\n

Zjist\u011bte, zda jsou p\u0159\u00edtomny materi\u00e1ly obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed azbest, prozkoumejte, zda p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci nebudou vznikat vl\u00e1kna p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161en\u00e1 vzduchem, a p\u0159\u00edsn\u011b dodr\u017eujte platn\u00e9 p\u0159edpisy. Informujte pracovn\u00edky o rizic\u00edch a preventivn\u00edch opat\u0159en\u00edch. Pokud nen\u00ed jist\u00e9, zda se v budov\u011b m\u016f\u017ee nach\u00e1zet azbest, testov\u00e1n\u00ed materi\u00e1lu objasn\u00ed, zda byl pou\u017eit. <\/p>\n

Odstra\u0148te materi\u00e1ly obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed azbest co mo\u017en\u00e1 nejm\u00e9n\u011b destruktivn\u011b. Pokud je nutn\u00e9 je naru\u0161it, nap\u0159. p\u0159i renovaci budovy, zajist\u011bte, aby vy\u0161kolen\u00ed pracovn\u00edci pou\u017e\u00edvali spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 vybaven\u00ed a pracovn\u00ed techniky, aby se minimalizovala expozice a maximalizovala \u00fa\u010dinnost kontrol. Ujist\u011bte se, \u017ee se k osobn\u00ed ochran\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 spr\u00e1vn\u00e1 maska a kombin\u00e9za. Lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed byli v minulosti vystaveni azbestu, by m\u011bli vyhled\u00e1vat pravideln\u00e9 zdravotn\u00ed prohl\u00eddky a m\u011bli by b\u00fdt pro\u0161koleni, aby si d\u00e1vali pozor na p\u0159\u00edznaky mo\u017en\u00e9 rakoviny. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","carcinogens":[8091],"class_list":["post-97569","fact","type-fact","status-publish","hentry","carcinogens-azbest"],"yoast_head":"\nAzbest - STOP carcinogens at work<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"V EU je azbestu vystaveno 4,1 a\u017e 7,3 milionu pracovn\u00edk\u016f. 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