{"id":97700,"date":"2023-08-29T10:09:11","date_gmt":"2023-08-29T10:09:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/fact\/respirabilni-krystalicky-oxid-kremicity\/"},"modified":"2026-07-22T14:15:08","modified_gmt":"2026-07-22T14:15:08","slug":"respirabilni-krystalicky-oxid-kremicity","status":"publish","type":"fact","link":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/cs\/fact\/respirabilni-krystalicky-oxid-kremicity\/","title":{"rendered":"Respirabiln\u00ed krystalick\u00fd oxid k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00fd"},"content":{"rendered":"

Odhaduje se, \u017ee v Evropsk\u00e9 unii je krystalick\u00e9mu k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00e9mu prachu vystaveno p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 5 milion\u016f pracovn\u00edk\u016f. Miner\u00e1ln\u00ed prachy p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed riziko vzniku plicn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00fdch vlivem pracovn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed v t\u011b\u017eebn\u00edm pr\u016fmyslu, Stavebnictv\u00ed a n\u011bkter\u00fdch dal\u0161\u00edch odv\u011btv\u00edch. <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Respirabiln\u00ed krystalick\u00fd oxid k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00fd (RCS) je agenturou IARC klasifikov\u00e1n jako karcinogen skupiny 1, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za jednozna\u010dnou p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu rakoviny u lid\u00ed. RCS m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159i dlouhodob\u00e9 expozici zp\u016fsobit z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e1 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest a dokonce rakovinu plic a k riziku doch\u00e1z\u00ed vdechov\u00e1n\u00edm prachu. <\/p>\n

Kde se vyskytuj\u00ed rizika<\/h2>\n

K expozici prachu oxidu k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00e9mu doch\u00e1z\u00ed zejm\u00e9na p\u0159i povrchov\u00e9 a hlubinn\u00e9 t\u011b\u017eb\u011b a ve Stavebnictv\u00ed (pozemn\u00ed a podzemn\u00ed stavitelstv\u00ed). V oblasti podzemn\u00edho stavitelstv\u00ed stoj\u00ed za zm\u00ednku zejm\u00e9na zemn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce, skaln\u00ed stavitelstv\u00ed a ra\u017eba tunel\u016f. Krom\u011b toho k odv\u011btv\u00edm, v nich\u017e se krystalick\u00fd oxid k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00fd pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jako surovina, pat\u0159\u00ed cement\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd pr\u016fmysl, chemick\u00fd, keramick\u00fd a skl\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd pr\u016fmysl (skl\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd tavic\u00ed p\u00edsek), sl\u00e9v\u00e1renstv\u00ed (sl\u00e9v\u00e1rensk\u00fd p\u00edsek) a gum\u00e1rensk\u00fd, plastik\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd a lak\u00fdrnick\u00fd pr\u016fmysl (plnidla). Velkoplo\u0161n\u00e9 emise prachu, kter\u00e9 mohou obsahovat vdechovateln\u00fd krystalick\u00fd oxid k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00fd, jsou mo\u017en\u00e9 tak\u00e9 v zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed nebo zahradnictv\u00ed. Ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f jsou pracovn\u00edci zam\u011bstn\u00e1ni v mikropodnic\u00edch s maxim\u00e1ln\u011b dev\u00edti zam\u011bstnanci. <\/p>\n

K\u0159emi\u010dit\u00fd prach vznik\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm p\u0159i t\u011b\u017eb\u011b a zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed surovin obsahuj\u00edc\u00edch k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00e9 miner\u00e1ly. Krom\u011b toho vznik\u00e1 k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00fd prach p\u0159i (p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b mechanizovan\u00fdch, vysokorychlostn\u00edch) zpracovatelsk\u00fdch operac\u00edch, jako je \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed, \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed, vrt\u00e1n\u00ed, brou\u0161en\u00ed a drcen\u00ed hornin, betonu, asfaltu, malty, cihel a keramick\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f. K dal\u0161\u00edm \u010dinnostem pat\u0159\u00ed manipulace se such\u00fdmi materi\u00e1ly obsahuj\u00edc\u00edmi krystalick\u00fd oxid k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00fd, jejich m\u00edch\u00e1n\u00ed nebo lopatov\u00e1n\u00ed, a tak\u00e9 procesy, jako je trysk\u00e1n\u00ed p\u00edsku nebo skla stla\u010den\u00fdm vzduchem, mohou v\u00e9st k uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00e9ho prachu. <\/p>\n

Prach, kter\u00fd se ji\u017e usadil, se m\u016f\u017ee op\u011bt dostat do ovzdu\u0161\u00ed, pokud jej rozv\u00ed\u0159\u00ed vozidla nebo v\u00edtr, \u010d\u00edm\u017e m\u016f\u017ee ohrozit i osoby nach\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed se na staveni\u0161ti v oblasti stavebnictv\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V\u00edce o l\u00e1tce<\/h2>\n

Krystalick\u00fd oxid k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00fd je druh\u00fdm nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm miner\u00e1lem v zemsk\u00e9 k\u016f\u0159e. V r\u016fzn\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed se vyskytuje ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b hornin a tvo\u0159\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inu sv\u011btov\u00fdch lo\u017eisek p\u00edsku. V men\u0161\u00edm mno\u017estv\u00ed se vyskytuje tak\u00e9 v j\u00edlech. V\u00fdrobky, v nich\u017e je oxid k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00fd v\u00e1z\u00e1n, nejsou nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9. P\u0159i t\u011b\u017eb\u011b a zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed, tj. p\u0159i trysk\u00e1n\u00ed, \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed, sek\u00e1n\u00ed, vrt\u00e1n\u00ed, brou\u0161en\u00ed atd. v\u00fdrobk\u016f obsahuj\u00edc\u00edch oxid k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00fd, v\u0161ak mohou vznikat mal\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stice, kter\u00e9 se mohou dostat do plic a ohrozit je („respirabiln\u00ed krystalick\u00fd oxid k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00fd“). <\/p>\n

V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b plat\u00ed z\u00e1vazn\u00e1 mezn\u00ed hodnota expozice na pracovi\u0161ti stanoven\u00e1 EU, kter\u00e1 \u010din\u00ed 100 \u00b5g\/m\u00b3 (\u010dasov\u011b v\u00e1\u017een\u00fd pr\u016fm\u011br), av\u0161ak v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b proch\u00e1z\u00ed reviz\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Nebezpe\u010d\u00ed, kter\u00e1 mohou nastat<\/h2>\n

Hlavn\u00edm zdravotn\u00edm d\u016fsledkem vdechov\u00e1n\u00ed prachu krystalick\u00e9ho oxidu k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00e9ho je vznik silik\u00f3zy. Silik\u00f3za je trval\u00e9 zjizven\u00ed plic zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 vdechov\u00e1n\u00edm k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00e9ho prachu. P\u0159i fyzick\u00e9 n\u00e1maze doch\u00e1z\u00ed k d\u00fdchac\u00edm obt\u00ed\u017e\u00edm, kter\u00e9 n\u011bkdy p\u0159er\u016fstaj\u00ed v du\u0161nost v klidu. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed lid\u00e9 maj\u00ed tak\u00e9 ka\u0161el s vyka\u0161l\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm nebo bez n\u011bj. \u010casn\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edznaky silik\u00f3zy m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 sklon ke vzniku infekc\u00ed d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest. Nen\u00ed jasn\u00e9, jak p\u0159esn\u011b respirabiln\u00ed krystalick\u00fd oxid k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00fd zp\u016fsobuje rakovinu plic \u2013 nejpravd\u011bpodobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou je hromad\u011bn\u00ed prachu v plic\u00edch. Jeho toxicita zt\u011b\u017euje p\u0159irozen\u00fdm obrann\u00fdm mechanism\u016fm organismu odstran\u011bn\u00ed prachu, tak\u017ee z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 v plicn\u00ed tk\u00e1ni a zp\u016fsobuje neust\u00e1l\u00e9 z\u00e1n\u011bty. <\/p>\n

Co m\u016f\u017eete ud\u011blat<\/h2>\n

Nejlep\u0161\u00edm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm je zabr\u00e1nit tvorb\u011b pevn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic n\u00e1hradou, nap\u0159\u00edklad pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm v\u00fdrobk\u016f s n\u00edzk\u00fdm obsahem prachu (nap\u0159. sil\u00e1\u017en\u00ed zbo\u017e\u00ed m\u00edsto zbo\u017e\u00ed v pytl\u00edch). Pokud n\u00e1hrada nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e1, je t\u0159eba zabr\u00e1nit expozici k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00e9mu prachu nebo ji alespo\u0148 omezit. Prevence nebo sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed prachu m\u016f\u017eete dos\u00e1hnout pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm n\u00edzkopra\u0161n\u00fdch pracovn\u00edch metod a stroj\u016f, kter\u00e9 pracuj\u00ed s ods\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm nebo mokr\u00fdm zpracov\u00e1n\u00edm. Pravideln\u011b ukl\u00edzejte pracovn\u00ed prostory a pracovi\u0161t\u011b, zamezte usazov\u00e1n\u00ed prachu a hlavn\u011b se vyvarujte op\u011btovn\u00e9ho rozv\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed prachu p\u0159i \u00faklidu (tj. nezametejte na sucho ani nefoukejte, ale pou\u017e\u00edvejte ods\u00e1va\u010de prachu nebo vysava\u010de). Pr\u016fb\u011b\u017en\u011b sledujte, zda nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed k tvorb\u011b prachu a zda je t\u0159eba upravit opat\u0159en\u00ed k \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed rizik. <\/p>\n

V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b prachov\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdch \u010dinnost\u00ed by m\u011bly b\u00fdt pracovn\u00ed prostory rozd\u011bleny na odd\u011blen\u00e9 oblasti, ve kter\u00fdch lze pr\u00e1ce prov\u00e1d\u011bt postupn\u011b, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo kontaktu t\u0159et\u00edch osob s prachem.<\/p>\n

Osobn\u00ed ochrana (ochrana d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest) by se m\u011bla pou\u017e\u00edvat pouze jako posledn\u00ed mo\u017enost, pokud technick\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed nejsou dostate\u010dn\u00e1 k ochran\u011b u\u017eivatele p\u0159ed vdechov\u00e1n\u00edm \u0161kodliv\u00fdch prach\u016f, par nebo plyn\u016f. Pro n\u011bkter\u00e1 pracovi\u0161t\u011b nebo pracovn\u00ed \u00fakoly v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt respir\u00e1tor jedin\u00fdm praktick\u00fdm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","carcinogens":[8101],"class_list":["post-97700","fact","type-fact","status-publish","hentry","carcinogens-respirabilni-krystalicky-oxid-kremicity"],"yoast_head":"\nRespirabiln\u00ed krystalick\u00fd oxid k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00fd - STOP karcinogen\u016fm p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Miner\u00e1ln\u00ed prachy p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed riziko vzniku plicn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00fdch vlivem pracovn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed v t\u011b\u017eebn\u00edm a v oblasti stavebnictv\u00ed a v n\u011bkter\u00fdch dal\u0161\u00edch odv\u011btv\u00edch.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/cs\/fact\/respirabilni-krystalicky-oxid-kremicity\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Respirabiln\u00ed krystalick\u00fd oxid k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00fd\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Miner\u00e1ln\u00ed prachy p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed riziko vzniku plicn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00fdch vlivem pracovn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed v t\u011b\u017eebn\u00edm a v oblasti stavebnictv\u00ed a v n\u011bkter\u00fdch dal\u0161\u00edch odv\u011btv\u00edch.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/cs\/fact\/respirabilni-krystalicky-oxid-kremicity\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"STOP karcinogen\u016fm p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-07-22T14:15:08+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Odhadovan\u00e1 doba \u010dten\u00ed \" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"5 minut\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\\\/cs\\\/fact\\\/respirabilni-krystalicky-oxid-kremicity\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\\\/cs\\\/fact\\\/respirabilni-krystalicky-oxid-kremicity\\\/\",\"name\":\"Respirabiln\u00ed krystalick\u00fd oxid k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00fd - 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