{"id":98123,"date":"2023-08-29T10:09:16","date_gmt":"2023-08-29T10:09:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/fact\/vinylchlorid\/"},"modified":"2026-07-22T14:15:02","modified_gmt":"2026-07-22T14:15:02","slug":"vinylchlorid","status":"publish","type":"fact","link":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/cs\/fact\/vinylchlorid\/","title":{"rendered":"Vinylchlorid"},"content":{"rendered":"

Odhady sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho po\u010dtu pracovn\u00edk\u016f vystaven\u00fdch p\u016fsoben\u00ed Vinylchloridu v EU nejsou k dispozici. V roce 1993 byl pro EU-15 odhadov\u00e1n po\u010det 40 000 takov\u00fdch pracovn\u00edk\u016f. <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

K expozici Vinylchloridu doch\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm vdechov\u00e1n\u00edm. Dlouhodob\u00e1 expozice m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit rakovinu jater, mozku, krve a plic. Vinylchlorid je podle CLP na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed o klasifikaci ozna\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed a balen\u00ed l\u00e1tek a sm\u011bs\u00ed harmonizovan\u011b klasifikov\u00e1n jako karcinogenn\u00ed kategorie 1A, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee m\u016f\u017ee u lid\u00ed zp\u016fsobit rakovinu.<\/p>\n

Kde se vyskytuj\u00ed rizika<\/h2>\n

Hlavn\u00ed cestou profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed expozice Vinylchloridem je vdechov\u00e1n\u00ed, ke kter\u00e9mu doch\u00e1z\u00ed zejm\u00e9na v z\u00e1vodech na v\u00fdrobu (poly)vinylchloridu (PVC) a v z\u00e1vodech na zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed PVC (v\u010detn\u011b balen\u00ed, skladov\u00e1n\u00ed a manipulace s Vinylchloridem). Ohro\u017eeni jsou pracovn\u00edci v odv\u011btv\u00edch v\u00fdroby pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch chemik\u00e1li\u00ed, plastov\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f, kovov\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f nebo stroj\u016f a tak\u00e9 pracovn\u00edci ve slu\u017eb\u00e1ch souvisej\u00edc\u00edch s dopravou a stavebnictv\u00edm. <\/p>\n

V\u00edce o l\u00e1tce<\/h2>\n

Vinylchlorid je bezbarv\u00fd plyn, kter\u00fd snadno ho\u0159\u00ed. M\u00e1 m\u00edrn\u00fd, nasl\u00e1dl\u00fd z\u00e1pach, kter\u00fd v\u0161ak nen\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u00fdm varov\u00e1n\u00edm p\u0159ed nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdmi koncentracemi. Nevyskytuje se v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b a pro sv\u00e9 komer\u010dn\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed se mus\u00ed vyr\u00e1b\u011bt pr\u016fmyslov\u011b. Vinylchlorid se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm k v\u00fdrob\u011b PVC; z PVC se vyr\u00e1b\u00ed \u0159ada plastov\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b trubek, povlak\u016f na dr\u00e1ty a kabely a obalov\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f. Vinylchlorid je tak\u00e9 obsa\u017een v tab\u00e1kov\u00e9m kou\u0159i. <\/p>\n

V platnosti je z\u00e1vazn\u00e1 mezn\u00ed hodnota expozice na pracovi\u0161ti stanoven\u00e1 EU ve v\u00fd\u0161i 2,6 mg\/m\u00b3.<\/p>\n

Nebezpe\u010d\u00ed, kter\u00e1 mohou nastat<\/h2>\n

Akutn\u00ed expozice Vinylchloridem m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k p\u0159\u00edznak\u016fm, jako je slabost, z\u00e1vrat\u011b, \u00fanava, \u00fabytek hmotnosti, necitlivost a brn\u011bn\u00ed kon\u010detin, poruchy vid\u011bn\u00ed a v z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech k\u00f3ma a smrt. M\u016f\u017ee tak\u00e9 dr\u00e1\u017edit o\u010di, k\u016f\u017ei, sliznice a d\u00fdchac\u00ed cesty. P\u0159i n\u00edzk\u00fdch \u00farovn\u00edch expozice je t\u011blo schopno Vinylchlorid zpracovat a vylou\u010dit mo\u010d\u00ed. Chronick\u00e1 expozice m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit trval\u00e9 po\u0161kozen\u00ed jater a rakovinu jater, neurologick\u00e9 nebo behavior\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky a zm\u011bny na k\u016f\u017ei a kostech ruky. <\/p>\n

Doba latence mezi expozic\u00ed a vznikem rakoviny souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s Vinylchloridem se v\u00fdrazn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na r\u016fzn\u00fdch typech rakoviny.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Co m\u016f\u017eete ud\u011blat<\/h2>\n

Nej\u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm zp\u016fsobem, jak zabr\u00e1nit expozici, je nahradit je v\u00fdrobky bez Vinylchloridu nebo s ni\u017e\u0161\u00edm obsahem Vinylchloridu. Pokud nelze v\u00fdrobky obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed Vinylchlorid nahradit, m\u011bla by b\u00fdt expozice Vinylchloridu sn\u00ed\u017eena pomoc\u00ed technick\u00fdch kontrol, nap\u0159. uzav\u0159en\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee to nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9, instalujte nejisk\u0159\u00edc\u00ed ventila\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my a zajist\u011bte v\u00fdplach o\u010d\u00ed a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed sprchu, pokud existuje nebezpe\u010d\u00ed kontaktu nebo post\u0159\u00edk\u00e1n\u00ed. Pravideln\u011b prov\u00e1d\u011bjte reprezentativn\u00ed m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed expozice, aby bylo zn\u00e1mo, kdy a kde je t\u0159eba p\u0159ijmout opat\u0159en\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Pracovn\u00edky pr\u016fb\u011b\u017en\u011b informujte o \u00fa\u010dinc\u00edch expozice a povzbuzujte je, aby hl\u00e1sili prvn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky. Krom\u011b toho pracovn\u00edky pro\u0161kolte ohledn\u011b rizik, bezpe\u010dn\u00fdch pracovn\u00edch postup\u016f a \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdch hygienick\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed. Osobn\u00ed ochrana (OOP) by m\u011bla b\u00fdt pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na pouze jako posledn\u00ed mo\u017enost, a\u017e po zaveden\u00ed mo\u017en\u00fdch technick\u00fdch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. Mezi OOP pat\u0159\u00ed ochrann\u00e9 br\u00fdle, od\u011bvy odoln\u00e9 v\u016f\u010di chemik\u00e1li\u00edm a rukavice (odoln\u00e9 v\u016f\u010di chemik\u00e1li\u00edm nebo izola\u010dn\u00ed) a respir\u00e1tory. <\/p>\n

Odkazy: cancer.gov, OSHA, IARC, CDC<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","carcinogens":[8117],"class_list":["post-98123","fact","type-fact","status-publish","hentry","carcinogens-vinylchlorid"],"yoast_head":"\nVinylchlorid - STOP carcinogens at work<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"K expozici Vinylchloridu doch\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm vdechov\u00e1n\u00edm. 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