{"id":98138,"date":"2023-08-29T10:09:24","date_gmt":"2023-08-29T10:09:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/fact\/pouzite-mineralni-oleje\/"},"modified":"2026-07-22T14:14:54","modified_gmt":"2026-07-22T14:14:54","slug":"pouzite-mineralni-oleje","status":"publish","type":"fact","link":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/cs\/fact\/pouzite-mineralni-oleje\/","title":{"rendered":"Pou\u017eit\u00e9 miner\u00e1ln\u00ed oleje"},"content":{"rendered":"

Odhaduje se, \u017ee v EU je miner\u00e1ln\u00edm olej\u016fm v podob\u011b pou\u017eit\u00fdch motorov\u00fdch olej\u016f vystaven p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1 milion pracovn\u00edk\u016f. Pou\u017eit\u00e9 motorov\u00e9 oleje jsou podle IARC klasifikov\u00e1ny jako karcinogenn\u00ed pro \u010dlov\u011bka (skupina 1), co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee u lid\u00ed zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed rakovinu k\u016f\u017ee. <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Hlavn\u00ed cestou expozice, s n\u00ed\u017e jsou spojeny hlavn\u00ed patologick\u00e9 nebo nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky, je cesta derm\u00e1ln\u00ed, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee k expozici doch\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159i kontaminaci k\u016f\u017ee Pou\u017eit\u00fdmi miner\u00e1ln\u00edmi oleji. Expozice tomuto typu olej\u016f m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit rakovinu k\u016f\u017ee. Inhala\u010dn\u00ed expozice je nepravd\u011bpodobn\u00e1. <\/p>\n

Kde se vyskytuj\u00ed rizika<\/h2>\n

Pou\u017eit\u00e9 motorov\u00e9 oleje lze nal\u00e9zt ve v\u0161ech vozidlech nebo stroj\u00edch se spalovac\u00edmi motory, jako jsou automobily a mopedy, dieselov\u00e9 lokomotivy, lodn\u00ed motory, letadla a p\u0159enosn\u00e9 stroje v\u010detn\u011b \u0159et\u011bzov\u00fdch pil a seka\u010dek na tr\u00e1vu. Lze je nal\u00e9zt tak\u00e9 tam, kde se nakl\u00e1d\u00e1 s odpadem z \u00fadr\u017eby t\u011bchto motor\u016f, a to bu\u010f za \u00fa\u010delem zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a likvidace, nebo op\u011btovn\u00e9ho pou\u017eit\u00ed \u010di vyu\u017eit\u00ed. Odpadn\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00e9 motorov\u00e9 oleje se op\u011btovn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed jako p\u0159\u00edsady p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b cement\u016f a jako pojiva v drcen\u00fdch pry\u017eov\u00fdch asfaltech pro stavebnictv\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Pracovn\u00edci, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou nej\u010dast\u011bji vystaveni p\u016fsoben\u00ed odpadn\u00edch motorov\u00fdch olej\u016f, se pod\u00edlej\u00ed na \u00fadr\u017eb\u011b, oprav\u00e1ch nebo se\u0159izov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto motor\u016f. Nejv\u00edce ohro\u017eeny budou zejm\u00e9na profese automechanik\u016f nebo pracovn\u00edk\u016f s jak\u00fdmkoli jin\u00fdm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm se spalovac\u00edm motorem a operace zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed vypou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed motorov\u00e9ho oleje nebo kontakt s impregnovan\u00fdmi \u010d\u00e1stmi. <\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00edmi profesemi, kter\u00e9 jsou ohro\u017eeny derm\u00e1ln\u00ed expozic\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00fdm motorov\u00fdm olej\u016fm, jsou profese souvisej\u00edc\u00ed se zp\u011btn\u00fdm z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm, regenerac\u00ed nebo recyklac\u00ed odpad\u016f z vozidel, jako jsou pracovn\u00edci vrakovi\u0161\u0165 a spr\u00e1vci odpad\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed na starosti sb\u011br pou\u017eit\u00fdch motorov\u00fdch olej\u016f.<\/p>\n

V\u00edce o l\u00e1tce<\/h2>\n

Miner\u00e1ln\u00ed oleje, kter\u00e9 se d\u0159\u00edve pou\u017e\u00edvaly ve spalovac\u00edch motorech, jsou rafinovan\u00e9 ropn\u00e9 produkty s chemick\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edsadami, kter\u00e9 slou\u017e\u00ed k maz\u00e1n\u00ed a chlazen\u00ed pohybliv\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed uvnit\u0159 motoru a tak\u00e9 k ochran\u011b kov\u016f p\u0159ed koroz\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Polycyklick\u00e9 aromatick\u00e9 uhlovod\u00edky (PAU<\/a> ) jsou pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu karcinogenity. Nepou\u017eit\u00e9 miner\u00e1ln\u00ed motorov\u00e9 oleje maj\u00ed velmi n\u00edzk\u00fd obsah PAU, a proto nejsou pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za karcinogenn\u00ed; b\u011bhem jejich pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed ve spalovac\u00edch motorech v\u0161ak doch\u00e1z\u00ed ke zm\u011bn\u00e1m jejich slo\u017een\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na v d\u016fsledku zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdch teplot a hromad\u011bn\u00ed nesp\u00e1len\u00fdch zbytk\u016f paliva a produkt\u016f spalov\u00e1n\u00ed spolu s p\u0159\u00edtomnost\u00ed vzduchu. <\/p>\n

Tyto zm\u011bny ve slo\u017een\u00ed vedou k v\u00fdrazn\u00e9mu zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed obsahu PAU (krom\u011b jin\u00fdch chemick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek), co\u017e zvy\u0161uje nebezpe\u010dnost pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed olej\u016f. Obsah PAU se zvy\u0161uje s d\u00e9lkou pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed oleje v motoru a tak\u00e9 s po\u010dtem kilometr\u016f, kter\u00e9 olej ujede. <\/p>\n

Nebezpe\u010d\u00ed, kter\u00e1 mohou nastat<\/h2>\n

Pokud je poko\u017eka napu\u0161t\u011bna pou\u017eit\u00fdmi motorov\u00fdmi oleji, a\u0165 u\u017e p\u0159\u00edmo, nebo p\u0159i kontaktu se zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdm od\u011bvem, m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k podr\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed a alergick\u00fdm reakc\u00edm. Byly tak\u00e9 pozorov\u00e1ny \u00fa\u010dinky, jako jsou ekz\u00e9my, nadbytek oleje na k\u016f\u017ei a akn\u00e9. Krom\u011b toho, jak bylo uvedeno v\u00fd\u0161e, bylo prok\u00e1z\u00e1no, \u017ee derm\u00e1ln\u00ed expozice pou\u017eit\u00fdm motorov\u00fdm olej\u016fm zp\u016fsobuje rakovinu k\u016f\u017ee, pozorovanou v \u0161ourku. Rakovina \u0161ourku je vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je spojeno pouze s profesn\u00ed expozic\u00ed. Byla to prvn\u00ed popsan\u00e1 nemoc z povol\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e1 byla spojena s profes\u00ed komin\u00edka. <\/p>\n

Co m\u016f\u017eete ud\u011blat<\/h2>\n

Nejlep\u0161\u00edm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm je kontrolovat expozici eliminac\u00ed nebo substituc\u00ed. Proto\u017ee v\u0161ak PAH vznikaj\u00ed p\u0159i spalovac\u00edch procesech, nen\u00ed snadn\u00e9 tuto l\u00e1tku eliminovat nebo nahradit. Proto je nezbytn\u00e9 zdroj uzav\u0159\u00edt, aby se sn\u00ed\u017eila derm\u00e1ln\u00ed expozice, kter\u00e1 je v\u011bt\u0161inou d\u016fsledkem \u00faniku, post\u0159\u00edk\u00e1n\u00ed nebo impregnovan\u00fdch povrch\u016f. <\/p>\n

U nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u00fakon\u016f \u00fadr\u017eby motoru nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edt uzav\u0159en\u00fd syst\u00e9m, proto\u017ee je nutn\u00fd manu\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1sah \u010dlov\u011bka, kter\u00fd \u00fakony prov\u00e1d\u00ed. Lze v\u0161ak instalovat n\u00e1levkov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my pro sb\u011br odpadn\u00edho oleje z m\u00edsta v t\u011bsn\u00e9 bl\u00edzkosti v\u00fdstupu, kter\u00e9 zabra\u0148uj\u00ed rozst\u0159iku na k\u016f\u017ei, o\u010di, od\u011bv nebo okoln\u00ed povrchy. Sb\u011brn\u00e9 n\u00e1doby na odpadn\u00ed olej by m\u011bly b\u00fdt navr\u017eeny tak, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo \u00faniku nebo rozst\u0159iku. <\/p>\n

Zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je stanovit a kontrolovat bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 postupy manipulace jak se samotn\u00fdm olejem, tak s impregnovan\u00fdmi \u010d\u00e1stmi, v\u010detn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed hadr\u016f na zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 absorp\u010dn\u00ed l\u00e1tky nebo pap\u00edry a vhodn\u00fdch n\u00e1dob na odpad.<\/p>\n

P\u0159i v\u0161ech manu\u00e1ln\u00edch \u010dinnostech, p\u0159i nich\u017e m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt ke kontaktu poko\u017eky s pou\u017eit\u00fdm olejem, by se zpravidla m\u011bly pou\u017e\u00edvat ochrann\u00e9 rukavice a br\u00fdle, a to v z\u00e1vislosti na konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch technik\u00e1ch a podle hodnocen\u00ed rizik. Rukavice by m\u011bly b\u00fdt vyrobeny z materi\u00e1lu nepropou\u0161t\u011bj\u00edc\u00edho \u010dinidla, nap\u0159\u00edklad z vinylu nebo nitrilu, a m\u011bly by pokr\u00fdvat cel\u00fd povrch ruky.
\nObecn\u011b plat\u00ed, \u017ee jednor\u00e1zov\u00e9 rukavice by m\u011bly b\u00fdt zlikvidov\u00e1ny poka\u017ed\u00e9, kdy\u017e si je pracovn\u00edk sund\u00e1. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pou\u017eit\u00ed rukavic pro opakovan\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed by m\u011bly b\u00fdt p\u0159ed sejmut\u00edm \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b omyty, aby nedo\u0161lo ke zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed rukou p\u0159i sejmut\u00ed a n\u00e1sledn\u00e9m op\u011btovn\u00e9m p\u0159ilo\u017een\u00ed rukavice na kontaminovanou poko\u017eku. P\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho typu rukavic je v\u0161ak t\u0159eba zv\u00e1\u017eit, zda se pracuje s jin\u00fdmi nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdmi produkty nebo zda je nutn\u00e9 chr\u00e1nit p\u0159ed jin\u00fdmi riziky, jako jsou pop\u00e1leniny, po\u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed, prop\u00edchnut\u00ed atd. <\/p>\n

P\u0159i \u00fadr\u017eb\u011b, kdy je nutn\u00e9 vozidlo zvednout, aby se dostalo do spodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti, jsou vy\u017eadov\u00e1ny ochrann\u00e9 br\u00fdle, kter\u00e9 chr\u00e1n\u00ed o\u010di pracovn\u00edk\u016f p\u0159ed post\u0159\u00edk\u00e1n\u00edm. Mohou b\u00fdt pou\u017eity tak\u00e9 obli\u010dejov\u00e9 \u0161t\u00edty. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","carcinogens":[8119],"class_list":["post-98138","fact","type-fact","status-publish","hentry","carcinogens-pouzite-mineralni-oleje"],"yoast_head":"\nPou\u017eit\u00e9 miner\u00e1ln\u00ed oleje - STOP carcinogens at work<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Odhaduje se, \u017ee v EU je t\u00e9to l\u00e1tce vystaven p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1 milion pracovn\u00edk\u016f. U lid\u00ed mohou zp\u016fsobovat rakovinu k\u016f\u017ee.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/cs\/fact\/pouzite-mineralni-oleje\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pou\u017eit\u00e9 miner\u00e1ln\u00ed oleje\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Odhaduje se, \u017ee v EU je t\u00e9to l\u00e1tce vystaven p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1 milion pracovn\u00edk\u016f. 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