{"id":98141,"date":"2023-08-29T10:09:22","date_gmt":"2023-08-29T10:09:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/fact\/abraze-proces\/"},"modified":"2026-10-22T09:26:19","modified_gmt":"2026-10-22T09:26:19","slug":"abraze-proces","status":"publish","type":"fact","link":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/cs\/fact\/abraze-proces\/","title":{"rendered":"Abraze (proces)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vznik karcinogen\u016f vznikaj\u00edc\u00edch p\u0159i procesu abraze<\/span><\/h2>\n

V\u011bt\u0161ina nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch l\u00e1tek je ozna\u010dena a identifikov\u00e1na, ale existuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 karcinogeny, kter\u00e9 vznikaj\u00ed jako vedlej\u0161\u00ed produkt p\u0159i pracovn\u00edm procesu, tzv. karcinogeny vznikaj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159i procesu (PGC). Proto\u017ee PGC obvykle nejsou ozna\u010deny a nejsou uvedeny v bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch listech, je t\u0159eba t\u011bmto PGC v\u011bnovat v praxi BOZP zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed pozornost, proto\u017ee miliony pracovn\u00edk\u016f v Evrop\u011b jsou PGC denn\u011b vystaveny. <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Jedn\u00edm z proces\u016f, p\u0159i nich\u017e vznikaj\u00ed PGC, je abraze. Abraze je erodov\u00e1n\u00ed materi\u00e1lu pohybem povrchu ze strany na stranu. P\u0159i abrazi doch\u00e1z\u00ed ke skute\u010dn\u00e9mu po\u0161kozen\u00ed materi\u00e1lu a v mnoha p\u0159\u00edpadech vede k uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed abrazivn\u00edho prachu. V pracovn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed vznik\u00e1 abrazivn\u00ed prach nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed tvrd\u00e9ho d\u0159eva\/kovu nebo vrt\u00e1n\u00ed do betonu. Brusn\u00fd prach m\u016f\u017ee obsahovat karcinogenn\u00ed l\u00e1tky a je snadno vdechnuteln\u00fd, pokud nejsou pou\u017eity strategie eliminace a kontroly. <\/p>\n

Kter\u00e9 \u010dinnosti vedou k od\u011bru?<\/h2>\n

Od\u011br m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zp\u016fsoben \u0159adou r\u016fzn\u00fdch proces\u016f, jako je \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed, vrt\u00e1n\u00ed, brou\u0161en\u00ed, trysk\u00e1n\u00ed, hoblov\u00e1n\u00ed, brou\u0161en\u00ed, fr\u00e9zov\u00e1n\u00ed, \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed a drcen\u00ed materi\u00e1lu. V brusn\u00e9m prachu, kter\u00fd se p\u0159i t\u011bchto \u010dinnostech uvol\u0148uje, mohou b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edtomny karcinogenn\u00ed l\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 pak mohou b\u00fdt vdechov\u00e1ny a zp\u016fsobovat zdravotn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky. Tak\u00e9 zamet\u00e1n\u00ed prachu po brusn\u00fdch \u010dinnostech m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k expozici. <\/p>\n

Kde se vyskytuj\u00ed rizika<\/h2>\n

Exponovan\u00fdmi pracovn\u00edky jsou: pracovn\u00edci p\u0159i otrysk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, oper\u00e1to\u0159i p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b cihel, betonu nebo dla\u017edic, zedn\u00edci, keramici a hrn\u010d\u00ed\u0159i, beton\u00e1\u0159i, obsluha drti\u010d\u016f a brusi\u010d\u016f, brusi\u010di, obsluha tisku v pr\u016fmyslu d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f, soustru\u017en\u00edci, stavebn\u00ed d\u011bln\u00edci a tesa\u0159i. Odv\u011btv\u00ed, kde doch\u00e1z\u00ed k \u010dast\u00e9 expozici, jsou stavebnictv\u00ed, n\u00e1bytk\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd pr\u016fmysl a lesnictv\u00ed a truhl\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Kolik pracovn\u00edk\u016f je vystaveno riziku?<\/h2>\n

Nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi karcinogenn\u00edmi l\u00e1tkami uvol\u0148ovan\u00fdmi p\u0159i abrazi jsou vdechovateln\u00fd k\u0159emenn\u00fd prach a prach z tvrd\u00e9ho d\u0159eva, jejich\u017e expozice se v EU odhaduje na 5 milion\u016f pracovn\u00edk\u016f a 3 miliony pracovn\u00edk\u016f.<\/p>\n

\u00da\u010dinky na zdrav\u00ed<\/h2>\n

Kdy\u017e pracovn\u00edk vdechuje prach z tvrd\u00e9ho d\u0159eva, usazuje se v nose, hrdle a doln\u00edch cest\u00e1ch d\u00fdchac\u00edch. Expozice prachu z tvrd\u00e9ho d\u0159eva m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit respira\u010dn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, podr\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed o\u010d\u00ed, ko\u017en\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed a v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b dlouhodob\u00e9 expozice rakovinu.
\nKdy\u017e pracovn\u00edk vdechuje krystalick\u00fd k\u0159emen, plicn\u00ed tk\u00e1\u0148 reaguje tvorbou fibrotick\u00fdch uzl\u00edk\u016f a jizven\u00edm kolem \u010d\u00e1stic k\u0159emene. Nen\u00ed p\u0159esn\u011b zn\u00e1mo, jak k\u0159emenn\u00fd prach zp\u016fsobuje rakovinu plic. <\/p>\n

Podrobn\u00e9 informace o \u00fa\u010dinc\u00edch konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch karcinogenn\u00edch kov\u016f a materi\u00e1l\u016f na zdrav\u00ed naleznete v informa\u010dn\u00edch listech pro jednotliv\u00e9 l\u00e1tky na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch: K\u0159emenn\u00fd prach<\/a>, Chrom VI<\/a>, Prach z tvrd\u00e9ho d\u0159eva<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Co d\u011blat?<\/h2>\n