{"id":97445,"date":"2021-01-06T10:21:23","date_gmt":"2021-01-06T10:21:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/good-practice\/trichlorethylen-jako-extrakcni-rozpoustedlo-pro-asfalt-pri-analyze-asfaltu\/"},"modified":"2026-10-23T16:34:03","modified_gmt":"2026-10-23T16:34:03","slug":"trichlorethylen-jako-extrakcni-rozpoustedlo-pro-asfalt-pri-analyze-asfaltu","status":"publish","type":"good-practice","link":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/cs\/good-practice\/trichlorethylen-jako-extrakcni-rozpoustedlo-pro-asfalt-pri-analyze-asfaltu\/","title":{"rendered":"Trichlorethylen jako extrak\u010dn\u00ed rozpou\u0161t\u011bdlo pro asfalt p\u0159i anal\u00fdze asfaltu"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>V letech 2015 a 2016 m\u011b\u0159ila spolkov\u00e1 zem\u011b Hesensko v N\u011bmecku expozici Trichlorethylenu u pracovn\u00edk\u016f v asfaltov\u00fdch laborato\u0159\u00edch a hodnotila RMM (opat\u0159en\u00ed k \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed rizik) 14 hesensk\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed. Uk\u00e1zalo se, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina spole\u010dnost\u00ed pln\u011b nevyu\u017e\u00edvala mo\u017en\u00e1 technick\u00e1 a organiza\u010dn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed, a nespl\u0148ovala tak v\u0161echny po\u017eadavky n\u011bmeck\u00e9 vyhl\u00e1\u0161ky o nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch l\u00e1tk\u00e1ch (GefStoffV). V roce 2017 byla provedena dal\u0161\u00ed m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed v osmi dal\u0161\u00edch vybran\u00fdch podnic\u00edch, aby se uk\u00e1zalo, jak lze dobr\u00fdm zach\u00e1zen\u00edm s RMM sn\u00ed\u017eit expozici Trichlorethylenu na minim\u00e1ln\u011b 1,3 mg\/m\u00b3 (8h-\u010dasov\u011b v\u00e1\u017een\u00fd pr\u016fm\u011br, 95. percentil).  <\/p>\n<h2>Co je to Trichlorethylen?<\/h2>\n<p>Trichlorethylen (TCE, TRI) je bezbarv\u00fd, neho\u0159lav\u00fd, ale karcinogenn\u00ed halogenovan\u00fd uhl\u00edk, kter\u00fd se \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jako \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 rozpou\u0161t\u011bdlo pro organick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly, jako jsou oleje, tuky a asfalty. Jako prost\u0159edek pro such\u00e9 \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed nahradil m\u00e9n\u011b nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd tetrachlorethylen sv\u016fj strukturn\u00ed analog ji\u017e v 50. letech 20. stolet\u00ed. <\/p>\n<p>V N\u011bmecku je Trichlorethylen st\u00e1le ofici\u00e1ln\u011b vy\u017eadov\u00e1n p\u0159i zkou\u0161k\u00e1ch asfaltu. Extrakce asfaltu se prov\u00e1d\u00ed v tzv. analyz\u00e1torech asfaltu. P\u0159esto\u017ee jsou tyto stroje uzav\u0159en\u00fdmi syst\u00e9my, existuje b\u011bhem cel\u00e9ho postupu od vlo\u017een\u00ed vzorku asfaltu do prom\u00fdvac\u00ed komory analyz\u00e1toru asfaltu a\u017e po obnovu asfaltu rota\u010dn\u00edm odpa\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00edm mnoho krok\u016f, p\u0159i nich\u017e mohou b\u00fdt pracovn\u00edci vystaveni p\u016fsoben\u00ed Trichlorethylenu, zejm\u00e9na vdechov\u00e1n\u00edm.  <\/p>\n<p>Vzhledem ke sv\u00e9 karcinogenn\u00ed, mutagenn\u00ed, nefrotoxick\u00e9 a neurotoxick\u00e9 povaze je Trichlorethylen l\u00e1tkou vzbuzuj\u00edc\u00ed mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 obavy uvedenou v autoriza\u010dn\u00edm seznamu REACH (p\u0159\u00edloha XIV). St\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed povolen\u00ed (REACH\/18\/9\/4) povoluje jeho pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1sledn\u00fdmi u\u017eivateli za specifick\u00fdch okolnost\u00ed jako extrak\u010dn\u00edho rozpou\u0161t\u011bdla p\u0159i anal\u00fdze asfaltu, a to pouze podle popisu v \u017e\u00e1dosti dodavatele. Platnost tohoto povolen\u00ed vypr\u0161\u00ed 21. dubna 2023. Do t\u00e9 doby mus\u00ed zam\u011bstnavatel\u00e9 chr\u00e1nit sv\u00e9 pracovn\u00edky v asfaltov\u00fdch laborato\u0159\u00edch p\u0159ed v\u00fdpary Trichlorethylenu opat\u0159en\u00edmi nad r\u00e1mec RMM popsan\u00fdch \u017eadatelem.   <\/p>\n<h2>\u0158e\u0161en\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>Na\u0161e publikace \u201e<a href=\"https:\/\/rp-kassel.hessen.de\/sites\/rp-kassel.hessen.de\/files\/2022-11\/fachartikel_arbeitsplatzbelastungen_durch_trichloretheninderasphaltanalytik_beiumsetzungdesstandsdertechnik.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Arbeitsplatzbelastungen durch Trichlorethen in der Asphaltanalytik bei Umsetzung des Stands der Technik<\/a>\u201c shrnuje n\u00ed\u017ee uveden\u00e1 nezbytn\u00e1 RMM, kter\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b chr\u00e1n\u00ed pracovn\u00edky v asfaltov\u00fdch laborato\u0159\u00edch p\u0159ed nebezpe\u010d\u00edm Trichlorethylenu.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Provoz asfaltov\u00e9 laborato\u0159e v souladu s po\u017eadavky TRGS (technick\u00fd p\u0159edpis pro nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky) 526 &#8222;Laborato\u0159e&#8220;.<\/li>\n<li>Prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed v\u0161ech operac\u00ed a proces\u016f s Trichlorethylenem v digesto\u0159\u00edch, kter\u00e9 spl\u0148uj\u00ed po\u017eadavky normy DIN EN 14175-2, nebo v r\u00e1mci srovnateln\u00fdch technick\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, jejich\u017e \u00fa\u010dinnost byla testov\u00e1na. Krom\u011b analyz\u00e1toru asfaltu a rota\u010dn\u00ed odparky sem pat\u0159\u00ed tak\u00e9 pra\u010dka na asfalt a su\u0161ic\u00ed box. <\/li>\n<li>N\u00e1doby s \u010derstv\u00fdm i pou\u017eit\u00fdm Trichlorethylenem mus\u00ed b\u00fdt skladov\u00e1ny v souladu se specifikacemi TRGS 510 \u201eSkladov\u00e1n\u00ed nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch l\u00e1tek v nep\u0159enositeln\u00fdch n\u00e1dob\u00e1ch\u201c.<\/li>\n<li>Prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed pomocn\u00fdch prac\u00ed s Trichlorethylenem m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k dodate\u010dn\u00e9 expozici, a t\u00edm zv\u00fd\u0161it zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed pozad\u00ed, a proto nen\u00ed podle t\u011bchto pravidel povoleno.<\/li>\n<li>Pokud je v jedn\u00e9 digesto\u0159i provozov\u00e1no n\u011bkolik za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, mus\u00ed b\u00fdt tato digesto\u0159 vybavena dostate\u010dn\u00fdm po\u010dtem v\u00fdsuv\u016f, aby bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 otev\u0159\u00edt pouze jednu \u010d\u00e1st p\u0159edn\u00ed strany pro p\u0159\u00edstup k p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9mu za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>Instalace, p\u0159ipojen\u00ed a provoz analyz\u00e1toru asfaltu a dal\u0161\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed se prov\u00e1d\u00ed podle specifikac\u00ed v n\u00e1vodu k obsluze v\u00fdrobce syst\u00e9mu.<\/li>\n<li>Techni\u010dt\u00ed odborn\u00edci mus\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bt ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u00ed kontrolu a \u00fadr\u017ebu analyz\u00e1toru asfaltu.<\/li>\n<li>Funk\u010dnost a \u00fa\u010dinnost syst\u00e9mu digesto\u0159e je t\u0159eba kontrolovat alespo\u0148 jednou ro\u010dn\u011b.<\/li>\n<li>P\u0159i pln\u011bn\u00ed analyz\u00e1toru asfaltu \u010derstv\u00fdm Trichlorethylenem nebo p\u0159i od\u010derp\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00e9ho Trichlorethylenu a sm\u011bs\u00ed asfaltu s Trichlorethylenem mus\u00ed b\u00fdt skladovac\u00ed nebo odpadn\u00ed n\u00e1doby p\u0159ipojeny p\u0159\u00edmo k analyz\u00e1toru asfaltu pomoc\u00ed spojky, aby pln\u011bn\u00ed a od\u010derp\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed mohlo prob\u00edhat v uzav\u0159en\u00e9m okruhu.<\/li>\n<li>P\u0159i extrakci sm\u011bsi asfaltu s Trichlorethylenem mus\u00ed b\u00fdt sb\u011brn\u00e1 n\u00e1doba (obvykle sklen\u011bn\u00e1 ba\u0148ka s kulat\u00fdm dnem) p\u0159ipojena p\u0159\u00edmo k vypou\u0161t\u011bc\u00edmu ventilu analyz\u00e1toru asfaltu pomoc\u00ed t\u011bsn\u00e9 spojky. Plynn\u00e1 f\u00e1ze Trichlorethylenu je odv\u00e1d\u011bna potrub\u00edm bu\u010f do n\u00e1dr\u017ee analyz\u00e1toru asfaltu, nebo do odpadn\u00ed n\u00e1doby, kde se shroma\u017e\u010fuje nepou\u017eit\u00e1 sm\u011bs asfaltu s Trichlorethylenem (postup vyt\u011bs\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed plynu). <\/li>\n<li>Ba\u0148ka s kulat\u00fdm dnem obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed sm\u011bs asfaltu s Trichlorethylenem mus\u00ed b\u00fdt uzav\u0159ena sklen\u011bnou z\u00e1tkou i uvnit\u0159 digesto\u0159e.<\/li>\n<li>Trichlorethylen vydestilovan\u00fd p\u0159i regeneraci asfaltu se vrac\u00ed zp\u011bt do analyz\u00e1toru asfaltu p\u0159es odst\u0159edivku.<\/li>\n<li>Pracovn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 asfaltem se nesm\u00ed \u010distit ru\u010dn\u011b Trichlorethylenem. P\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed Trichlorethylenu se mus\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvat uzav\u0159en\u00e1 pra\u010dka na asfalt provozovan\u00e1 v digesto\u0159i. Pro ru\u010dn\u00ed \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se v\u0161ak mus\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bt v digesto\u0159i, jsou k dispozici vhodn\u00e9 \u010distic\u00ed prost\u0159edky, nap\u0159\u00edklad na b\u00e1zi ester\u016f rostlinn\u00fdch olej\u016f.  <\/li>\n<li>I v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee se miner\u00e1ln\u00ed l\u00e1tky (kamenivo a plnivo) su\u0161\u00ed v analyz\u00e1toru asfaltu v n\u011bkolika cyklech po hlavn\u00ed extrakci, nelze vylou\u010dit, \u017ee st\u00e1le obsahuj\u00ed zbytky Trichlorethylenu. Aby se zabr\u00e1nilo expozici Trichlorethylenu, mus\u00ed miner\u00e1ln\u00ed l\u00e1tky extrahovan\u00e9 v analyz\u00e1toru asfaltu z\u016fstat v digesto\u0159i, dokud nevychladnou. Dodate\u010dn\u00e9 su\u0161en\u00ed lze prov\u00e1d\u011bt tak\u00e9 ve vyh\u0159\u00edvan\u00e9m su\u0161ic\u00edm boxu, kter\u00fd mus\u00ed b\u00fdt provozov\u00e1n ve stejn\u00e9 digesto\u0159i jako extrak\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m.  <\/li>\n<li>Pracovn\u00ed plochy uvnit\u0159 digesto\u0159e se rovn\u011b\u017e nesm\u00ed \u010distit Trichlorethylenem. Pro tyto \u00fa\u010dely jsou k dispozici vhodn\u00e9 \u010distic\u00ed prost\u0159edky, nap\u0159\u00edklad na b\u00e1zi ester\u016f rostlinn\u00fdch olej\u016f. <\/li>\n<li>Hustota asfaltu se ur\u010duje pouze pomoc\u00ed vody.<\/li>\n<li>P\u0159i v\u0161ech prac\u00edch, kter\u00e9 mohou v\u00e9st k derm\u00e1ln\u00ed expozici Trichlorethylenu, je nutn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvat vhodn\u00e9 chemick\u00e9 ochrann\u00e9 rukavice z fluorokau\u010duku (FKM).<\/li>\n<li>Pro bezrizikovou likvidaci unikl\u00e9ho Trichlorethylenu je t\u0159eba pou\u017e\u00edvat vhodn\u00e1 chemick\u00e1 pojiva, pracovn\u00ed vybaven\u00ed pro odb\u011br chemick\u00fdch pojiv a uzav\u00edrateln\u00e9 odpadn\u00ed n\u00e1doby, jako\u017e i vhodn\u00e9 osobn\u00ed ochrann\u00e9 prost\u0159edky (nap\u0159. v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 chemick\u00e9 ochrann\u00e9 rukavice, ochranu d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest ve form\u011b polomasek s filtrem t\u0159\u00eddy A (pro organick\u00e9 slou\u010deniny s vysok\u00fdm bodem varu) nebo respir\u00e1tory s nucen\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edvodem vzduchu).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"template":"","sector":[8259],"carcinogens":[8118],"stop":[8313,8317,8316],"country":[8315],"class_list":["post-97445","good-practice","type-good-practice","status-publish","hentry","sector-stavebnictvi","carcinogens-trichlorethylen-2","stop-organizace","stop-osobni-ochrana","stop-technicka-stranka","country-nemecko"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.8 (Yoast SEO v28.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Trichlorethylen jako extrak\u010dn\u00ed rozpou\u0161t\u011bdlo pro asfalt p\u0159i anal\u00fdze asfaltu<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch spole\u010dnost\u00ed p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed, aby se zcela vyhnuly expozici pracovn\u00edk\u016f karcinogenn\u00edm l\u00e1tk\u00e1m nebo je p\u0159ed n\u00ed ochr\u00e1nily.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" 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