{"id":106531,"date":"2026-06-29T10:17:19","date_gmt":"2026-06-29T10:17:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/fact\/ethylen-dibromid-12-dibromethan\/"},"modified":"2026-06-29T10:17:19","modified_gmt":"2026-06-29T10:17:19","slug":"ethylen-dibromid-12-dibromethan","status":"publish","type":"fact","link":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/da\/fact\/ethylen-dibromid-12-dibromethan\/","title":{"rendered":"Ethylen-dibromid (1,2-dibromethan)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Der findes meget f\u00e5 tilg\u00e6ngelige sk\u00f8n over antallet af arbejderne, der i \u00f8jeblikket er udsat for ethylendibromid (1,2-dibromoethan) i EU. I 2006 blev det ansl\u00e5et, at ca. 8.000 arbejderne var udsat for ethylendibromid p\u00e5 tv\u00e6rs af alle brancher i EU. Arbejdsrelateret eksponering sker prim\u00e6rt gennem ind\u00e5nding af dampe og hudkontakt. Ethylendibromid er harmoniseret klassificeret som carcinogen i kategori 1B i henhold til CLP-forordningen (formodet carcinogen). Den forventede sundhedsm\u00e6ssige virkning efter kronisk eksponering for ethylendibromid hos arbejdere er carcinogen virkning p\u00e5 kontaktstedet. Hos mennesker for\u00e5rsager ethylendibromid ogs\u00e5 virkninger p\u00e5 m\u00e6nds reproduktive system (et fald i flere s\u00e6dparametre). <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Hvor risici opst\u00e5r<\/h2>\n

Historisk set blev ethylendibromid prim\u00e6rt anvendt som et blyfjernende tils\u00e6tningsstof i benzin. Denne anvendelse aftog efter EU\u2019s forbud mod blyholdige br\u00e6ndstoffer, selvom ethylendibromid stadig anvendes som blyfjernende middel i flybr\u00e6ndstof og racerbr\u00e6ndstof. Tidligere blev det ogs\u00e5 i vid udstr\u00e6kning anvendt i landbruget som pesticid og som en bestanddel af jord- og kornbegasningsmidler. <\/p>\n

I dag anvendes ethylendibromid som et ikke-br\u00e6ndbart opl\u00f8sningsmiddel til voks, harpiks og gummi, i midler til insektbek\u00e6mpelse samt i farvestofpr\u00e6parater. Det fungerer ogs\u00e5 som et mellemprodukt i fremstillingen af visse organiske kemikalier, f.eks. ved syntesen af vinylbromid.
\nDen kemiske industri er den sektor, hvor eksponeringen for ethylendibromid er st\u00f8rst, og procesoperat\u00f8rer og kemiteknikere inden for kemiske processer, batchproduktion eller destillation (f.eks. vedligeholdelse, formulering, proces) er de mest udsatte erhverv. Opgaver i forbindelse med blandings- og vulkaniseringsprocesser giver anledning til s\u00e6rlig bekymring. Der kan ogs\u00e5 forekomme eksponering i forbindelse med teknisk afpr\u00f8vning og analyse samt inden for videnskabelig forskning og udvikling (analytiske kemikere, laboratorieteknikere osv.). <\/p>\n

Mere om stoffet<\/h2>\n

Ethylen-dibromid er en farvel\u00f8s, tung v\u00e6ske med en let s\u00f8d, kloroformlignende lugt. Det er opl\u00f8seligt i vand og blandbart med de fleste organiske opl\u00f8sningsmidler. Ethylen-dibromid stammer hovedsageligt fra menneskelige aktiviteter. Ethylen-dibromid er meget mobil og kan forekomme i grundvandet. Der g\u00e6lder en EU-d\u00e6kkende, bindende gr\u00e6nsev\u00e6rdi for erhvervsm\u00e6ssig eksponering p\u00e5 0,8 mg\/m\u00b3 i luften. <\/p>\n

Sundhedsrisici, der kan opst\u00e5<\/h2>\n

Erhvervsm\u00e6ssig eksponering for ethylendibromid sker generelt gennem ind\u00e5nding af dampe. Ethylendibromid optages dog ogs\u00e5 gennem huden. <\/p>\n

Kortvarig eksponering for ethylendibromid kan for\u00e5rsage skader p\u00e5 hjerte, lunger, nyrer og hud.<\/p>\n

Der foreligger ingen p\u00e5lidelige oplysninger om, hvorvidt ethylendibromid for\u00e5rsager kr\u00e6ft hos mennesker, men det er et st\u00e6rkt carcinogen, der p\u00e5virker flere organer hos dyr. Unders\u00f8gelserne tyder p\u00e5, at langvarig eksponering for dette stof kan for\u00e5rsage n\u00e6se- og lungekr\u00e6ft samt skadelige virkninger p\u00e5 forplantningsevnen og fertiliteten hos dem, der arbejder med det. <\/p>\n

Hvad du kan g\u00f8re<\/h2>\n

Den foretrukne foranstaltning til at eliminere risikoen for eksponering er at erstatte stoffet med sikrere alternativer, der ikke indeholder ethylendibromid, eller ved at \u00e6ndre processerne. Hvis det ikke er muligt at erstatte ethylendibromid, eller hvis det opst\u00e5r som et biprodukt, skal der iv\u00e6rks\u00e6ttes foranstaltninger til at reducere eksponeringen. <\/p>\n

Den mest effektive m\u00e5de at undg\u00e5 eksponering for ethylendibromid p\u00e5 er at udvikle og anvende automatiserede eller lukkede systemer, hvor der ikke er direkte kontakt med de arbejdende personer takket v\u00e6re fysisk adskillelse. Ethylendibromid b\u00f8r fremstilles i lukkede systemer med dampopsamling, transporteres i lukkede r\u00f8r og ledsages af anvendelse af koblingsstykker med lav emission for at minimere emissionerne under overf\u00f8rslen. Ethylendibromid b\u00f8r opbevares p\u00e5 steder, der er beskyttet mod fysisk beskadigelse, og adskilt fra kemisk aktive metaller. <\/p>\n

Hvor det ikke er teknisk muligt at erstatte ethylendibromid, og hvor det ikke er muligt at arbejde i en lukket proces, skal der tr\u00e6ffes tekniske foranstaltninger for at sikre, at arbejdstagernes eksponeringsniveau reduceres til det lavest mulige niveau, der er teknisk muligt.<\/p>\n

Dette omfatter anvendelse af lokal udsugning og generel fortyndingsventilation. Gennemf\u00f8r foranstaltninger, der sikrer en korrekt generel hygiejne p\u00e5 arbejdspladsen, herunder regelm\u00e6ssig reng\u00f8ring og hygiejnisk opbevaring. Efter den indledende eksponeringsm\u00e5ling til Risikovurdering skal der foretages periodiske eksponeringsvurderinger for at kontrollere, om de iv\u00e6rksatte tekniske foranstaltninger er effektive, eller om der er behov for yderligere tiltag. <\/p>\n

En streng begr\u00e6nsning af den tid, arbejdere tilbringer i eksponerede arbejdsmilj\u00f8er (f.eks. gennem skiftehold), samt begr\u00e6nsning af adgangen til disse arbejdspladser er vigtige organisatoriske foranstaltninger til at reducere eksponeringen. Arbejderne skal informeres om de mulige risici forbundet med arbejdsopgaver, der involverer ethylendibromid. Arbejdsgiverne b\u00f8r regelm\u00e6ssigt uddanne og instruere dem i, hvordan man arbejder sikkert med ethylendibromid. Der skal stilles passende vaske- og toiletfaciliteter til r\u00e5dighed, og arbejdere skal have rigelig tid til at gennemf\u00f8re hygiejneforanstaltninger. <\/p>\n

Der kr\u00e6ves l\u00e6gelig sundhedsoverv\u00e5gning af arbejderne, der uds\u00e6ttes for farlige stoffer, og de b\u00f8r derfor opfordres til at indberette eventuelle tidlige symptomer, s\u00e5som symptomer, der p\u00e5virker hjertet, lungerne, nyrerne og huden.<\/p>\n

S\u00f8rg for, at arbejderne har passende udstyr til personlig beskyttelse, s\u00e5som beskyttelsest\u00f8j og handsker. Der anbefales beskyttelsesforanstaltninger for at mindske hudoptagelsen af ethylendibromid p\u00e5 grund af risikoen for hudabsorption. Udstyr til personlig beskyttelse b\u00f8r kun anvendes som en sidste udvej og kun betragtes som en midlertidig l\u00f8sning, efter at alle mulige tekniske og organisatoriske l\u00f8sninger er udt\u00f8mt. <\/p>\n

Kilder: ECHA, IOM, RAC, EC<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","carcinogens":[8642],"class_list":["post-106531","fact","type-fact","status-publish","hentry","carcinogens-ethylen-dibromid"],"yoast_head":"\nEthylen-dibromid (1,2-dibromethan) - STOP carcinogens at work<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Be aware of what you work with! We collected all the important information these causing substances in easy-to-understand factsheets.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/da\/fact\/ethylen-dibromid-12-dibromethan\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"da_DK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ethylen-dibromid (1,2-dibromethan)\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Be aware of what you work with! 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