{"id":76912,"date":"2025-03-18T07:53:03","date_gmt":"2025-03-18T07:53:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/fact\/kirurgisk-roeg\/"},"modified":"2025-10-23T09:37:05","modified_gmt":"2025-10-23T09:37:05","slug":"kirurgisk-roeg","status":"publish","type":"fact","link":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/da\/fact\/kirurgisk-roeg\/","title":{"rendered":"Kirurgisk r\u00f8g"},"content":{"rendered":"

If\u00f8lge data fra 2018 arbejder tusindvis af de 1,7 millioner l\u00e6ger og 3,1 millioner sygeplejersker, der arbejder i EU, p\u00e5 operationsstuer hver dag. Dette inkluderer de 400.000 kirurger, der arbejder p\u00e5 operationsstuer i hele EU. Kirurgisk r\u00f8g, som opst\u00e5r p\u00e5 operationsstuer, n\u00e5r der anvendes elektrokirurgisk udstyr, lasere og andet energiudstyr, kan afh\u00e6ngigt af v\u00e6vet indeholde en r\u00e6kke og forskellige m\u00e6ngder af skadelige stoffer, herunder carcinogener i kategori 1A som Benzen og Formaldehyd. Hvis man uds\u00e6ttes for kirurgisk r\u00f8g, kan en dag p\u00e5 operationsstuen v\u00e6re lige s\u00e5 farlig som at ryge 27 cigaretter om dagen, og det udg\u00f8r en betydelig trussel mod helbredet for personale p\u00e5 operationsstuer i hele Europa. <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

L\u00e6ger, sygeplejersker og operationsteknikere tilbringer meget tid p\u00e5 operationsstuer og er derfor meget udsatte for risikoen ved kirurgisk r\u00f8g, idet de ind\u00e5nder luft, der indeholder op til 150 skadelige giftstoffer, herunder velkendte carcinogener.<\/p>\n

Hvor risici opst\u00e5r<\/h2>\n

Kirurgisk r\u00f8g, ogs\u00e5 kendt som diatermi-fane, opst\u00e5r under operationer og produceres ved brug af kirurgisk udstyr som lasere, elektrokirurgiske enheder, ultralydsenheder, kauteriseringsenheder og h\u00f8jhastighedsbor og -fr\u00e6sere, der bruges til at sk\u00e6re og dissekere v\u00e6v. Kirurgisk r\u00f8g indeholder en r\u00e6kke giftige stoffer, bl.a. benzen og Formaldehyd.<\/p>\n

Sygeplejersker, kirurger, an\u00e6stesil\u00e6ger, teknikere, dyrl\u00e6ger og alle, der arbejder p\u00e5 operationsstuer, er de mest udsatte for helbredskomplikationer som f\u00f8lge af kirurgisk r\u00f8g p\u00e5 grund af overdreven eksponering. Det er ogs\u00e5 vigtigt at bem\u00e6rke, at arbejdere i sundhedssektoren ikke er de eneste, der er truet af kirurgisk r\u00f8g. <\/p>\n

Mere om faren<\/h2>\n

Kirurgisk r\u00f8g best\u00e5r af ca. 95 % vand og 5 % organiske dampe og celleaffald i form af partikler. Partiklerne best\u00e5r af kemikalier, blod- og v\u00e6vspartikler, vira og bakterier. Disse forskellige giftige og skadelige stoffer er farlige for mennesker, der uds\u00e6ttes for dem. <\/p>\n

Komponenter i kirurgisk r\u00f8g omfatter acetonitril, acrolein, benzen<\/a>, toluen, formaldehyd<\/a> og polycykliske aromatiske kulbrinter<\/a>. Unders\u00f8gelser har vist, at der findes kemiske og biologiske forbindelser i kirurgisk r\u00f8g, som er irriterende, mutagene, carcinogene og neurotoksiske. <\/p>\n

Farer, der kan opst\u00e5<\/h2>\n

Kirurgisk r\u00f8g kan for\u00e5rsage direkte og indirekte skader fra de partikler, den indeholder. I tilf\u00e6lde af direkte virkninger kan det f\u00f8re til irritation af \u00f8jne og hud (kendt som dermatitis), akut hovedpine eller allergisk rhinitis hos personalet p\u00e5 operationsstuen. Det kan ogs\u00e5 \u00f8ge risikoen for kroniske lungesygdomme, s\u00e5som arbejdsbetinget astma og kronisk obstruktiv lungesygdom (KOL). Forskning har vist, at sygeplejersker p\u00e5 operationsstuer har h\u00f8jere risiko for sv\u00e6r vedvarende astma end andre sygeplejersker. <\/p>\n

I tilf\u00e6lde af indirekte virkninger er det blevet rapporteret som en risiko for graviditetskomplikationer og infertilitet hos kvindelige kirurger. Der er ogs\u00e5 bekymring for, at kirurgisk r\u00f8g kan overf\u00f8re infektioner, s\u00e5som levende vira eller bakterier. <\/p>\n

Hvad du kan g\u00f8re<\/h2>\n

Der findes en r\u00e6kke teknologier til at h\u00e5ndtere kirurgisk r\u00f8g, hvoraf nogle er mere effektive end andre. Disse omfatter h\u00f8je ventilationssystemer, lokale r\u00f8gudsugningsanordninger og filtrerende kirurgiske masker. En omfattende tilgang kr\u00e6ver, at forskellige teknologier bruges p\u00e5 \u00e9n gang. Ved at opfange r\u00f8g direkte ved kilden og filtrere sm\u00e5 partikler fra, sikrer lokale evakueringsanordninger minimal eller ingen eksponering for de skadelige virkninger af kirurgisk r\u00f8g. Selv om flere mekanismer kan bruges til at beskytte sundheden for dem, der arbejder p\u00e5 operationsstuer, er der intet, der er s\u00e5 effektivt som at opfange kirurgisk r\u00f8g direkte ved kilden og filtrere sm\u00e5 partikler fra. Lokale evakueringsanordninger giver den bedste beskyttelse af sundhedspersonale og patienter. Det anbefales derfor at fjerne kirurgisk r\u00f8g inden for en afstand af h\u00f8jst 2 cm fra kilden for at minimere risikoen for eksponering. <\/p>\n

V\u00e6v kan dog inddeles i tre forskellige klasser i henhold til deres produktion af Kirurgisk r\u00f8g. H\u00f8j-PM-v\u00e6v, som f.eks. leveren, medium-PM-v\u00e6v, herunder nyrebarken, nyreb\u00e6kkenet og skeletmuskulaturen, og lav-PM-v\u00e6v, som f.eks. hud, gr\u00e5 substans, hvid substans, bronkier og subkutant fedt. <\/p>\n

Selv om kildeindfangning generelt er meget effektiv, er det m\u00e5ske ikke tilstr\u00e6kkeligt for v\u00e6v med h\u00f8jt PM-indhold som leveren. Selv med r\u00f8gevakueringssystemer kan partikelkoncentrationer stadig n\u00e5 usunde niveauer, n\u00e5r der arbejdes p\u00e5 v\u00e6v med h\u00f8jt PM-indhold. Dette tyder p\u00e5, at yderligere beskyttelsesforanstaltninger, s\u00e5som ULPA-filtre, organisatoriske foranstaltninger (f.eks. reduktion af antallet af medarbejdere og varigheden af deres tilstedev\u00e6relse p\u00e5 operationsstuen) og respiratorer (FFP3), sammen med r\u00f8gevakuatorer, er n\u00f8dvendige for at sikre tilstr\u00e6kkelig beskyttelse af personalet p\u00e5 operationsstuen. <\/p>\n

Mundbind og ventilationssystemer bruges i vid udstr\u00e6kning p\u00e5 operationsstuer, men viser sig at v\u00e6re ineffektive mod kirurgisk r\u00f8g. F.eks. filtreres 77 % af partiklerne i kirurgisk r\u00f8g ikke tilstr\u00e6kkeligt af standardmasker, og masker med h\u00f8j filtrering er kun effektive ned til 0,1 mikrometer, hvilket ikke filtrerer alle vira med efterf\u00f8lgende potentielle sundhedseffekter. Men et ULPA-filter (Ultra-Low Particular Air) er effektivt til at fjerne submikronpartikler fra luften. <\/p>\n

Referencer: Koalitionen for Kirurgisk R\u00f8g<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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