{"id":76914,"date":"2023-08-29T10:09:12","date_gmt":"2023-08-29T10:09:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/fact\/chrom-vi-forbindelser\/"},"modified":"2025-09-04T10:08:20","modified_gmt":"2025-09-04T10:08:20","slug":"chrom-vi-forbindelser","status":"publish","type":"fact","link":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/da\/fact\/chrom-vi-forbindelser\/","title":{"rendered":"Chrom VI-forbindelser"},"content":{"rendered":"

Det ansl\u00e5s, at omkring 900.000 arbejdere i EU potentielt er udsat for krom VI. Unders\u00f8gelser af arbejdere i kromatproduktion, kromatpigment- og kromgalvaniseringsindustrien, der var ansat f\u00f8r 1980’erne, viser en \u00f8get d\u00f8delighed af lungekr\u00e6ft. <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Chrom VI-forbindelser er klassificeret som carcinogen kategori 1A, hvilket betyder, at de er en bevist \u00e5rsag til kr\u00e6ft hos mennesker. Eksponering for krom VI sker gennem ind\u00e5nding, indtagelse via mad eller vand eller direkte kontakt med huden. P\u00e5 grund af de st\u00e6rkt \u00e6tsende egenskaber har krom VI ogs\u00e5 akutte sundhedseffekter. Derudover kan eksponering for krom VI for\u00e5rsage hud- og luftvejssensibilisering, som f.eks. astma, og kan f\u00f8re til specifik organtoksicitet i lunger, lever og nyrer. <\/p>\n

Hvor risici opst\u00e5r<\/h2>\n

Eksponering p\u00e5 arbejdspladsen sker hovedsageligt ved svejsning og andre former for “varmt arbejde” p\u00e5 rustfrit st\u00e5l og andre metaller, der indeholder krom VI. Andre typer arbejde med potentiel eksponering er brug af pigmenter, spraymaling og bel\u00e6gninger. Andre relevante arbejdsomr\u00e5der er overfladebehandling af plast og metaller, f.eks. betjening af forkromningsbade. Eksponering sker ogs\u00e5 ved slibeteknikker af krom VI-belagte materialer, som f.eks. sandbl\u00e6sning, slibning og slibning. Industrier, hvor eksponering forekommer, er den funktionelle pletteringssektor, st\u00e5l, skibsv\u00e6rfter, bygge- og anl\u00e6gsvirksomhed, betonindustri og v\u00e6rksteder til reparation og maling af bilkarosserier, lastbiler, tog og fly. <\/p>\n

Mere om stoffet<\/h2>\n

Krom VI er en form af det metalliske grundstof krom. I naturen findes det ofte sammen med andre grundstoffer, f.eks. metaller, i malme og skal behandles industrielt. De mest industrielt relevante forbindelser indeholder natrium, kalium, zink, strontium, bly eller ammonium. Kromtrioxid eller kromsyre er almindeligt anvendte krom VI-stoffer i industrien. Chrommetal tils\u00e6ttes bevidst til legeret st\u00e5l eller bruges i overfladebehandlinger for at \u00f8ge tekniske egenskaber som h\u00e6rdbarhed, varme- og korrosionsbestandighed. Chrom VI-forbindelser kan bruges som pigmenter i farvestoffer, maling, bl\u00e6k og plast. Det kan ogs\u00e5 bruges som et antikorrosivt middel i maling, primere og andre overfladebel\u00e6gninger. I mods\u00e6tning til krom VI er en anden relevant, men ikke carcinogen form, krom III, som kan omdannes til krom VI under oxidative omst\u00e6ndigheder. <\/p>\n

Farer, der kan opst\u00e5<\/h2>\n

Ind\u00e5nding af h\u00f8je niveauer af krom VI kan give symptomer som l\u00f8bende n\u00e6se, nys, hoste, kl\u00f8e og en br\u00e6ndende fornemmelse. Gentagen eller langvarig eksponering kan give s\u00e5r i n\u00e6sen og resultere i n\u00e6seblod og skader p\u00e5 n\u00e6seskillev\u00e6ggen. Hudkontakt for\u00e5rsager alvorlig irritation, og oral indtagelse kan for\u00e5rsage akut forgiftning (gastrointestinale symptomer). Nogle medarbejdere bliver allergiske over for krom VI. Ind\u00e5nding af kromatforbindelser kan s\u00e5 for\u00e5rsage astmasymptomer. Kronisk dermal eksponering for krom VI kan f\u00f8re til d\u00e5rligt helende s\u00e5r efter hudskader; oral optagelse kan for\u00e5rsage systemiske virkninger p\u00e5 nyrer og lever. Langvarig uds\u00e6ttelse for luftb\u00e5ren krom VI kan for\u00e5rsage lunge-, n\u00e6se- og bihulekr\u00e6ft. <\/p>\n

Latensperioden mellem krom VI-relaterede kr\u00e6ftformer er op til 20 \u00e5r efter krom VI-eksponering.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hvad du kan g\u00f8re<\/h2>\n

Den mest effektive m\u00e5de at forhindre eksponering p\u00e5 er at erstatte med krom VI-frie produkter eller produkter med lavere krom VI-indhold. For specifikke anvendelser og hvis det er relevant, kan tekniske alternativer udt\u00f8mmes (f.eks. fysisk dampudf\u00e6ldning, chrom III-bel\u00e6gning, brug af flydende former af chromforbindelser osv.) Hvis krom VI-holdige produkter ikke kan erstattes, skal eksponeringen for stoffet reduceres ved hj\u00e6lp af teknisk kontrol. Brug f.eks. en udsuget svejsebr\u00e6nder og korrekte lokale og v\u00e6rkstedsm\u00e6ssige ventilationssystemer. Udf\u00f8r l\u00f8bende korrekte eksponeringsm\u00e5linger, s\u00e5 man ved, hvorn\u00e5r der skal gribes ind. Unders\u00f8g, om arbejderne rapporterer tidlige symptomer. G\u00f8r l\u00f8bende arbejderne opm\u00e6rksomme p\u00e5 eksponeringens virkninger. Uddan desuden arbejderne i farer, sikker arbejdspraksis og effektive hygiejneforanstaltninger. <\/p>\n

S\u00f8rg for, at arbejderne har tilstr\u00e6kkelig personlig beskyttelse, f.eks. egnet \u00e5ndedr\u00e6tsv\u00e6rn, beskyttelsest\u00f8j og handsker. I nogle tilf\u00e6lde kan det v\u00e6re n\u00f8dvendigt med et \u00e5ndedr\u00e6tsv\u00e6rn. Personlig beskyttelse b\u00f8r kun bruges som en sidste udvej, efter at de mulige tekniske l\u00f8sninger er blevet pr\u00e6senteret. Selvom eksponering for krom VI hovedsageligt sker via ind\u00e5nding, b\u00f8r hudkontakt ogs\u00e5 undg\u00e5s. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","carcinogens":[4079],"class_list":["post-76914","fact","type-fact","status-publish","hentry","carcinogens-chrom-vi-forbindelser"],"yoast_head":"\nChrom VI-forbindelser - STOP carcinogens at work<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Det ansl\u00e5s, at omkring 900.000 arbejdere i EU potentielt er udsat for krom VI. 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