{"id":76921,"date":"2023-08-29T10:09:16","date_gmt":"2023-08-29T10:09:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/fact\/formaldehyd\/"},"modified":"2025-09-04T10:08:21","modified_gmt":"2025-09-04T10:08:21","slug":"formaldehyd","status":"publish","type":"fact","link":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/da\/fact\/formaldehyd\/","title":{"rendered":"Formaldehyd"},"content":{"rendered":"

If\u00f8lge den seneste eksisterende vurdering fra begyndelsen af 1990’erne blev 971.000 arbejdere ansl\u00e5et til at v\u00e6re udsat for formaldehyd<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

.
\nFormaldehyd er et hudsensibiliserende middel, der kan for\u00e5rsage en reaktion i immunsystemet ved f\u00f8rste eksponering. Akut eksponering er st\u00e6rkt irriterende for \u00f8jne, n\u00e6se og hals og kan f\u00e5 alle, der uds\u00e6ttes for det, til at hoste og puste. Efterf\u00f8lgende eksponering kan for\u00e5rsage alvorlige allergiske reaktioner i hud, \u00f8jne og luftveje og kan give astmalignende \u00e5ndedr\u00e6tsproblemer og hudirritation som dermatitis og kl\u00f8e. Formaldehyd er klassificeret som carcinogen kategori 1B i CLP-forordningen, hvilket betyder, at det sandsynligvis for\u00e5rsager lungekr\u00e6ft hos mennesker s (nasopharyngeal cancer og myeloid leuk\u00e6mi). <\/p>\n

Hvor risici opst\u00e5r<\/h2>\n

Den industri, der bruger den st\u00f8rste m\u00e6ngde formaldehyd i Europa, er den tr\u00e6baserede pladeindustri, da det er en af komponenterne i de bindemidler og kl\u00e6bemidler, der binder tr\u00e6partikler, fibre eller finer i forskellige typer af paneler. Derudover forekommer der eksponering for formaldehyd i sundheds-, begravelses-, tekstil-, l\u00e6der- og papirindustrien. Arbejdere kan ind\u00e5nde formaldehyd som gas eller damp eller optage det gennem huden som v\u00e6ske under f.eks. behandling af tekstiler og produktion af harpiks. Ud over sundhedspersonale og medicinske laboratorieteknikere omfatter grupper med potentielt h\u00f8j risiko bedemandsarbejdere samt forskere og studerende, der h\u00e5ndterer biologiske pr\u00f8ver, der er konserveret med formaldehyd eller formalin. <\/p>\n

Mere om stoffet<\/h2>\n

Formaldehyd er en farvel\u00f8s, st\u00e6rkt lugtende gas, som er meget flygtig og letant\u00e6ndelig, og som ofte findes i vandige (vandbaserede) opl\u00f8sninger. Formaldehyd bruges ofte som konserveringsmiddel i medicinske laboratorier og lighuse, men findes ogs\u00e5 i mange produkter som f.eks. kemikalier, sp\u00e5nplader, husholdningsprodukter, lim, permanente trykstoffer, bel\u00e6gninger til papirprodukter, fiberplader og krydsfiner. Det bruges ogs\u00e5 i vid udstr\u00e6kning som et industrielt fungicid, bakteriedr\u00e6bende middel og desinfektionsmiddel. Formaldehyd genereres naturligt i forskellige processer som f.eks. vores cellemetabolisme eller den ufuldst\u00e6ndige forbr\u00e6nding af organisk materiale som f.eks. oliebr\u00e6ndstoffer, hvilket betyder, at der altid er en baggrundskoncentration i milj\u00f8et. <\/p>\n

Farer, der kan opst\u00e5<\/h2>\n

Mere end 90 % af formaldehyd absorberes gennem de \u00f8vre luftveje. Akut eksponering for formaldehyd kan for\u00e5rsage hovedpine og irritation af luftvejene, huden og \u00f8jnene. Kronisk eksponering ved lave luftb\u00e5rne koncentrationer kan give \u00e5ndedr\u00e6tsproblemer, der ligner astma, og hudkontakt kan give irritation, der viser sig som dermatitis eller kl\u00f8e. Nogle mennesker er mere modtagelige for sensibiliserende egenskaber end andre, s\u00e5 virkningerne af eksponering kan manifestere sig forskelligt eller slet ikke hos nogle mennesker.
\nFormaldehyd er kendt for at for\u00e5rsage kr\u00e6ft i n\u00e6se og hals. Jo h\u00f8jere eksponeringskoncentrationen er, og jo l\u00e6ngere eksponeringen varer, desto st\u00f8rre er kr\u00e6ftrisikoen. Uds\u00e6ttelse for Formaldehyd kan \u00f8ge risikoen for at f\u00e5 kr\u00e6ft selv ved niveauer, der er for lave til at for\u00e5rsage symptomer. <\/p>\n

Latenstiden mellem eksponering og formaldehyd-relateret n\u00e6sekr\u00e6ft varierer st\u00e6rkt fra 2 \u00e5r for nogle akutte kr\u00e6fttyper til op til 15 \u00e5r.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hvad du kan g\u00f8re<\/h2>\n

Den mest effektive m\u00e5de at forhindre eksponering p\u00e5 er at erstatte produkter med formaldehydfrie alternativer, hvor det er muligt (f.eks. som desinfektionsmiddel). Hvis substitution ikke er mulig, er den bedste l\u00f8sning at kontrollere eksponeringen gennem design og tekniske \u00e6ndringer, s\u00e5som lukkede systemer og installation af lokal udst\u00f8dningsventilation, hvor emissioner kan forekomme. M\u00e6rk alle blandinger eller opl\u00f8sninger, der indeholder formaldehyd over gr\u00e6nsen for klassificering af blandingen i henhold til CLP. Udf\u00f8r regelm\u00e6ssige eksponeringsm\u00e5linger, s\u00e5 man ved, hvorn\u00e5r og hvor der skal s\u00e6ttes ind. G\u00f8r l\u00f8bende arbejderne opm\u00e6rksomme p\u00e5 eksponeringens virkninger, og oplys dem om farer, sikker arbejdspraksis og effektive hygiejneforanstaltninger. Det anbefales at inddrage en bedriftsl\u00e6ge og opfordre arbejderne til at rapportere \u00e5ndedr\u00e6tssymptomer. Personlig beskyttelse, som f.eks. \u00e5ndedr\u00e6tsv\u00e6rn, er en kortsigtet l\u00f8sning til at reducere eksponeringen og b\u00f8r kun bruges som sidste udvej. <\/p>\n

Kilder: ECHA, IARC, SCOEL<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","carcinogens":[4075],"class_list":["post-76921","fact","type-fact","status-publish","hentry","carcinogens-formaldehyd-da"],"yoast_head":"\nFormaldehyd - STOP carcinogens at work<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Formaldehyd er et hudsensibiliserende middel, der kan for\u00e5rsage en reaktion i immunsystemet ved f\u00f8rste eksponering. 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