{"id":76921,"date":"2023-08-29T10:09:16","date_gmt":"2023-08-29T10:09:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/fact\/formaldehyd\/"},"modified":"2026-06-13T11:31:19","modified_gmt":"2026-06-13T11:31:19","slug":"formaldehyd","status":"publish","type":"fact","link":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/da\/fact\/formaldehyd\/","title":{"rendered":"Formaldehyd"},"content":{"rendered":"

If\u00f8lge den seneste foreliggende unders\u00f8gelse fra begyndelsen af 1990\u2019erne blev det ansl\u00e5et, at 971.000 arbejderne var udsat for Formaldehyd.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Formaldehyd er et stof, der kan fremkalde overf\u00f8lsomhed i huden og udl\u00f8se en reaktion i immunsystemet ved f\u00f8rste eksponering. Akut eksponering er st\u00e6rkt irriterende for \u00f8jne, n\u00e6se og hals og kan f\u00e5 enhver, der uds\u00e6ttes for det, til at hoste og hv\u00e6se. Efterf\u00f8lgende eksponering kan for\u00e5rsage alvorlige allergiske reaktioner i hud, \u00f8jne og luftveje og kan for\u00e5rsage astmalignende \u00e5ndedr\u00e6tsproblemer og hudirritation s\u00e5som dermatitis og kl\u00f8e. Formaldehyd er klassificeret som carcinogen i kategori 1B i CLP-forordningen, hvilket betyder, at det sandsynligvis for\u00e5rsager lungekr\u00e6ft hos mennesker (nasopharyngeal kr\u00e6ft og myeloid leuk\u00e6mi). <\/p>\n

Hvor risici opst\u00e5r<\/h2>\n

Den branche, der bruger den st\u00f8rste m\u00e6ngde Formaldehyd i Europa, er tr\u00e6baseret pladeindustrien, da stoffet indg\u00e5r som en af bestanddelene i de bindemidler og kl\u00e6bemidler, der binder tr\u00e6partikler, fibre eller fin\u00e9r i forskellige typer plader. Derudover forekommer eksponering for Formaldehyd inden for sundhedssektoren, begravelsesbranchen, tekstil-, l\u00e6der- og papirindustrien. Arbejdere kan ind\u00e5nde Formaldehyd som gas eller damp eller optage det gennem huden som v\u00e6ske, f.eks. under behandling af tekstiler og fremstilling af harpiks. Ud over sundhedspersonale og medicinske laboratorieteknikere omfatter grupper med potentielt h\u00f8j risiko ligsynsm\u00e6nd samt forskere og studerende, der h\u00e5ndterer biologiske pr\u00f8ver, der er konserveret med Formaldehyd eller formalin. <\/p>\n

Mere om stoffet<\/h2>\n

Formaldehyd er en farvel\u00f8s, st\u00e6rkt lugtende gas, der er meget flygtig og meget brandfarlig, og som ofte forekommer i vandbaserede opl\u00f8sninger. Formaldehyd bruges ofte som konserveringsmiddel i medicinske laboratorier og lighuse, men findes ogs\u00e5 i mange produkter s\u00e5som kemikalier, sp\u00e5nplader, husholdningsprodukter, lim, strygefrie tekstiler, bel\u00e6gninger p\u00e5 papirprodukter, fiberplader og krydsfiner. Det bruges ogs\u00e5 i vid udstr\u00e6kning som industrielt fungicid, bakteriedr\u00e6bende middel og desinfektionsmiddel. Formaldehyd dannes naturligt i forskellige processer, s\u00e5som vores cellul\u00e6re stofskifte eller ufuldst\u00e6ndig forbr\u00e6nding af organisk materiale, s\u00e5som petroleumsbr\u00e6ndstoffer, hvilket betyder, at der altid er en baggrundskoncentration i milj\u00f8et. <\/p>\n

Der g\u00e6lder en EU-bindende gr\u00e6nsev\u00e6rdi for erhvervsm\u00e6ssig eksponering p\u00e5 0,37 mg\/m\u00b3 (Tidsv\u00e6gtet gennemsnit).<\/p>\n

Farer, der kan opst\u00e5<\/h2>\n

Mere end 90 % af formaldehyden optages gennem de \u00f8vre luftveje. Akut eksponering for formaldehyd kan for\u00e5rsage hovedpine og irritation af luftvejene, huden og \u00f8jnene. Kronisk eksponering ved lave koncentrationer i luften kan medf\u00f8re luftvejsproblemer, der ligner astma, og hudkontakt kan for\u00e5rsage irritation, der viser sig som dermatitis eller kl\u00f8e. Nogle mennesker er mere modtagelige for sensibiliserende egenskaber end andre, s\u00e5 virkningerne af eksponering kan manifestere sig forskelligt eller slet ikke hos nogle mennesker.
\nFormaldehyd er kendt for at for\u00e5rsage kr\u00e6ft i n\u00e6se og hals. Jo h\u00f8jere eksponeringskoncentrationen er, og jo l\u00e6ngere eksponeringstiden er, desto st\u00f8rre er kr\u00e6ftrisikoen. Uds\u00e6ttelse for Formaldehyd kan \u00f8ge risikoen for at f\u00e5 kr\u00e6ft, selv ved niveauer, der er for lave til at for\u00e5rsage symptomer. <\/p>\n

Latenstiden mellem eksponering og formaldehyd-relateret n\u00e6sekr\u00e6ft varierer st\u00e6rkt fra 2 \u00e5r for nogle akutte kr\u00e6fttyper til op til 15 \u00e5r.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hvad du kan g\u00f8re<\/h2>\n

Den mest effektive m\u00e5de at forebygge eksponering p\u00e5 er at erstatte produkter med formaldehydfrie alternativer, hvor det er muligt (f.eks. som desinfektionsmiddel). Hvis det ikke er muligt at erstatte produkterne, er den bedste l\u00f8sning at begr\u00e6nse eksponeringen gennem konstruktions- og tekniske \u00e6ndringer, s\u00e5som lukkede systemer og installation af lokal udsugning p\u00e5 steder, hvor der kan forekomme emissioner. M\u00e6rk alle blandinger eller opl\u00f8sninger, der indeholder Formaldehyd over gr\u00e6nsev\u00e6rdien for klassificering af blandingen i henhold til CLP. Udf\u00f8r regelm\u00e6ssigt korrekte eksponeringsm\u00e5linger, s\u00e5 man ved, hvorn\u00e5r og hvor der skal tr\u00e6ffes foranstaltninger. G\u00f8r arbejdere l\u00f8bende opm\u00e6rksomme p\u00e5 virkningerne af eksponering, og informer og uddan dem om farer, sikre arbejdsmetoder og effektive hygiejneforanstaltninger. Det anbefales at inddrage en arbejdsmediciner og opfordre de ansatte til at rapportere luftvejssymptomer. Personlig beskyttelse, s\u00e5som \u00e5ndedr\u00e6tsv\u00e6rn, er en kortsigtet l\u00f8sning til at reducere eksponeringen og b\u00f8r kun anvendes som en sidste udvej. <\/p>\n

Kilder: ECHA, IARC, SCOEL<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","carcinogens":[4075],"class_list":["post-76921","fact","type-fact","status-publish","hentry","carcinogens-formaldehyd-da"],"yoast_head":"\nFormaldehyd - STOP carcinogens at work<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Formaldehyd er et stof, der kan fremkalde overf\u00f8lsomhed i huden og udl\u00f8se en reaktion i immunsystemet ved f\u00f8rste eksponering. 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