{"id":106445,"date":"2026-06-29T10:02:28","date_gmt":"2026-06-29T10:02:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/fact\/12-dichloropropane\/"},"modified":"2026-06-29T10:02:28","modified_gmt":"2026-06-29T10:02:28","slug":"12-dichloropropane","status":"publish","type":"fact","link":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/fr\/fact\/12-dichloropropane\/","title":{"rendered":"1,2-dichloropropane"},"content":{"rendered":"

Il n’existe aucune estimation du nombre actuel de travailleurs expos\u00e9s au 1,2-dichloropropane (1,2-DPC) dans l’UE. L’inhalation est consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme la principale voie d’exposition, bien que les travailleurs puissent \u00e9galement \u00eatre expos\u00e9s par contact cutan\u00e9. <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Le 1,2-DPC est class\u00e9 comme substance canc\u00e9rog\u00e8ne de cat\u00e9gorie 1B (conform\u00e9ment au r\u00e8glement CLP), ce qui signifie qu’il est pr\u00e9sum\u00e9 pr\u00e9senter un potentiel canc\u00e9rog\u00e8ne pour l’homme, sur la base de donn\u00e9es issues d’\u00e9tudes animales.<\/p>\n

Parmi les effets toxiques, on a observ\u00e9 des l\u00e9sions h\u00e9patiques et r\u00e9nales, une coagulation intravasculaire, une an\u00e9mie h\u00e9molytique et divers sympt\u00f4mes touchant le syst\u00e8me nerveux central.<\/p>\n

O\u00f9 se situent les risques ?<\/h2>\n

Le 1,2-DCP est un sous-produit g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9 en quantit\u00e9s importantes lors du processus de fabrication de l’oxyde de propyl\u00e8ne par le proc\u00e9d\u00e9 \u00e0 la chlorohydrine, destin\u00e9 \u00e0 la production d’Epichlorhydrine. Le 1,2-DCP \u00e9tait autrefois utilis\u00e9 comme fumigant pour les sols, comme interm\u00e9diaire chimique, ainsi que comme solvant industriel. On le trouvait dans les d\u00e9capants pour peinture, les vernis et les produits destin\u00e9s \u00e0 \u00e9liminer les finitions des meubles. Il n’est plus utilis\u00e9 comme fumigant pour les sols. <\/p>\n

Actuellement, il est principalement utilis\u00e9 comme produit interm\u00e9diaire dans la fabrication du perchloro\u00e9thyl\u00e8ne et d\u2019autres produits chimiques chlor\u00e9s.
\nEn g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, l\u2019exposition sur le lieu de travail semble limit\u00e9e, car sa manipulation s\u2019effectue dans des conditions strictement contr\u00f4l\u00e9es. Les principales activit\u00e9s pouvant entra\u00eener une exposition sont les op\u00e9rations manuelles d\u2019entretien ou de nettoyage. <\/p>\n

En savoir plus sur la substance<\/h2>\n

\u00c0 l’\u00e9tat pur, le 1,2-DPC est un liquide incolore, inflammable et mobile, d\u00e9gageant une odeur semblable \u00e0 celle du chloroforme. Il est miscible avec la plupart des solvants organiques, tels que les alcools, les esters et les c\u00e9tones, ainsi qu’avec les hydrocarbures aromatiques, aliphatiques et chlor\u00e9s.
\nUne valeur limite d\u2019exposition professionnelle contraignante \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle de l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne est actuellement en cours d\u2019\u00e9laboration. <\/p>\n

Dangers pouvant survenir<\/h2>\n

Une exposition \u00e0 court terme au 1,2-DCP chez l’homme peut provoquer une irritation, ainsi que des troubles h\u00e9patiques et r\u00e9naux suite \u00e0 une absorption par voie orale ou cutan\u00e9e. \u00c0 des concentrations tr\u00e8s \u00e9lev\u00e9es, des cas de d\u00e9pression du syst\u00e8me nerveux central ont \u00e9t\u00e9 signal\u00e9s.
\nEn cas d\u2019exposition \u00e0 long terme, l\u2019effet le plus pr\u00e9occupant chez l\u2019homme est la canc\u00e9rog\u00e9nicit\u00e9, et plus particuli\u00e8rement l\u2019apparition de tumeurs des voies biliaires (cholangiocarcinome). <\/p>\n

Ce que vous pouvez faire<\/h2>\n

Sur le lieu de travail, le moyen le plus efficace de pr\u00e9venir l\u2019exposition consiste \u00e0 remplacer le 1,2-DCP. Lorsque le remplacement n\u2019est pas possible et que l\u2019utilisation du 1,2-DCP ne peut \u00eatre \u00e9vit\u00e9e, des mesures visant \u00e0 r\u00e9duire l\u2019exposition doivent \u00eatre prises.
\nLe moyen le plus efficace d\u2019\u00e9viter l\u2019exposition au 1,2-DCP consiste \u00e0 mettre au point et \u00e0 utiliser des syst\u00e8mes ferm\u00e9s. Lorsque cela n\u2019est pas possible, des mesures techniques telles qu\u2019une ventilation par aspiration locale efficace, compl\u00e9t\u00e9e par une bonne ventilation g\u00e9n\u00e9rale du lieu de travail et des contr\u00f4les r\u00e9guliers de leur efficacit\u00e9, doivent \u00eatre mises en \u0153uvre afin de garantir que l\u2019exposition soit r\u00e9duite au minimum dans la mesure o\u00f9 cela est techniquement possible <\/p>\n

L’ensemble de la production de 1,2-DPC s’effectue au sein de syst\u00e8mes ferm\u00e9s. L’exposition survient lorsque ces syst\u00e8mes ferm\u00e9s sont ouverts \u00e0 des fins d’entretien courant, d’inspections ou de nettoyage. Dans ces cas-l\u00e0, il est n\u00e9cessaire de recourir \u00e0 des mesures techniques et \u00e0 des EPI, y compris des EPR. <\/p>\n

Mettez en place des mesures visant \u00e0 garantir une bonne hygi\u00e8ne g\u00e9n\u00e9rale sur le lieu de travail, notamment par un nettoyage r\u00e9gulier et un stockage dans le respect des r\u00e8gles d’hygi\u00e8ne. Apr\u00e8s la mesure initiale de l’exposition effectu\u00e9e dans le cadre de l’Evaluation des risques, proc\u00e9dez \u00e0 des \u00e9valuations p\u00e9riodiques de l’exposition afin de v\u00e9rifier si les mesures techniques mises en place sont efficaces ou si des mesures suppl\u00e9mentaires doivent \u00eatre prises. Limiter strictement le temps que les travailleurs passent dans un environnement de travail expos\u00e9 (par exemple, par le biais de rotations d\u2019\u00e9quipes) et restreindre l\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 ces lieux de travail constituent des mesures importantes pour r\u00e9duire l\u2019exposition. Les travailleurs doivent \u00eatre inform\u00e9s des risques potentiels li\u00e9s aux t\u00e2ches impliquant le 1,2-DPC et les employeurs doivent les former et les instruire r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement sur la mani\u00e8re de travailler en toute s\u00e9curit\u00e9 avec le 1,2-DPC. <\/p>\n

Une surveillance m\u00e9dicale est n\u00e9cessaire pour les travailleurs expos\u00e9s \u00e0 des substances dangereuses ; par cons\u00e9quent, il convient de les encourager \u00e0 signaler les premiers sympt\u00f4mes, tels que des probl\u00e8mes respiratoires ou des allergies cutan\u00e9es.
\nDe plus, formez les travailleurs \u00e0 l’importance d’une bonne hygi\u00e8ne personnelle. Mettez \u00e0 leur disposition des installations sanitaires et de lavage ad\u00e9quates et accordez-leur suffisamment de temps pour respecter les mesures d’hygi\u00e8ne. <\/p>\n

Veillez \u00e0 ce que les travailleurs disposent d’un \u00e9quipement de protection individuelle adapt\u00e9, tel que des v\u00eatements de protection et des gants, si n\u00e9cessaire. L’\u00e9quipement de protection individuelle ne doit \u00eatre utilis\u00e9 qu’en dernier recours et \u00e0 titre temporaire, une fois que toutes les solutions techniques et organisationnelles possibles ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9puis\u00e9es. <\/p>\n

R\u00e9f\u00e9rences : ECHA, ATSDR 2021<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","carcinogens":[8577],"class_list":["post-106445","fact","type-fact","status-publish","hentry","carcinogens-12-dichloropropane"],"yoast_head":"\n1,2-dichloropropane - STOP carcinogens at work<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Be aware of what you work with! We collected all the important information these causing substances in easy-to-understand factsheets.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/fr\/fact\/12-dichloropropane\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"1,2-dichloropropane\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Be aware of what you work with! 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