{"id":44407,"date":"2017-11-29T15:04:16","date_gmt":"2017-11-29T15:04:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/good-practice\/pollution-atmospherique-a-laeroport-de-copenhague\/"},"modified":"2025-06-06T11:38:33","modified_gmt":"2025-06-06T11:38:33","slug":"pollution-atmospherique-a-laeroport-de-copenhague","status":"publish","type":"good-practice","link":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/fr\/good-practice\/pollution-atmospherique-a-laeroport-de-copenhague\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c9tude de cas : Pollution atmosph\u00e9rique \u00e0 l’a\u00e9roport de Copenhague"},"content":{"rendered":"

Objectif<\/h2>\n

L’objectif de cette solution \u00e9tait de minimiser la pollution de l’air pour les travailleurs de l’a\u00e9roport de Copenhague au Danemark.<\/p>\n

Population cible et contexte<\/h2>\n

La population cible de cette solution \u00e9tait constitu\u00e9e des travailleurs de l’a\u00e9roport de Copenhague. Nombre de ces travailleurs \u00e9taient pr\u00e9occup\u00e9s par la forte pr\u00e9valence de maladies graves, dont le cancer, parmi leurs coll\u00e8gues. Le principal facteur \u00e0 l’origine de ces probl\u00e8mes de sant\u00e9 est la pollution de l’air sur le lieu de travail, par exemple parce que les travailleurs sont expos\u00e9s aux gaz d’\u00e9chappement des avions, aux \u00e9missions de carburant et aux particules de poussi\u00e8re tout au long de la journ\u00e9e. Plusieurs travailleurs ont d’ailleurs envisag\u00e9 de cesser de travailler \u00e0 l’a\u00e9roport. En 2008, le premier cas de cancer a \u00e9t\u00e9 diagnostiqu\u00e9 parmi les travailleurs, et les chiffres n’ont cess\u00e9 d’augmenter depuis. La prise de conscience du probl\u00e8me s’est donc accrue et il fallait trouver une solution \u00e0 la pollution de l’air \u00e0 l’a\u00e9roport de Copenhague. <\/p>\n

\u00c9tapes<\/h2>\n
    \n
  1. Le probl\u00e8me de la pollution de l’air \u00e0 l’a\u00e9roport de Copenhague a \u00e9t\u00e9 particuli\u00e8rement reconnu lorsque l’Office national des accidents du travail du Danemark a signal\u00e9 le premier cas de cancer d’un employ\u00e9 de l’a\u00e9roport d\u00fb \u00e0 la pollution de l’air li\u00e9e au travail. \u00c0 l’a\u00e9roport de Copenhague, un groupe de travail a \u00e9t\u00e9 constitu\u00e9, compos\u00e9 de responsables de l’a\u00e9roport de Copenhague, d’entreprises op\u00e9rant dans l’a\u00e9roport et de syndicats repr\u00e9sentant les employ\u00e9s. Le groupe de travail \u00e9tait coordonn\u00e9 par l’a\u00e9roport lui-m\u00eame. <\/li>\n
  2. Des chercheurs du d\u00e9partement des sciences de l’environnement de l’universit\u00e9 d’Aarhus ont \u00e9t\u00e9 engag\u00e9s pour effectuer des mesures de la pollution de l’air (2009). La F\u00e9d\u00e9ration unie des travailleurs danois (3F) a \u00e9galement engag\u00e9 un sp\u00e9cialiste de la pollution de l’air du Danish Ecocouncil pour conseiller le groupe de travail. Dans un premier rapport publi\u00e9 en 2010, les tests ont r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 une concentration dangereusement \u00e9lev\u00e9e de particules ultrafines (UFP) dans l’air. La plupart de ces particules peuvent \u00eatre class\u00e9es comme suit : Hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (HAP), compos\u00e9s organiques volatils (COV), gaz inorganiques tels que le dioxyde de soufre (SO2) et les oxydes d’azote (NOx) et particules (PM). L’un des \u00e9l\u00e9ments cl\u00e9s de ces analyses est que les particules ultrafines en particulier semblent contribuer aux probl\u00e8mes de sant\u00e9 des travailleurs, alors que ces particules ont fait l’objet de moins d’attention que les particules plus grosses. Les particules ultrafines peuvent \u00eatre transf\u00e9r\u00e9es \u00e0 l’int\u00e9rieur du corps, directement dans le sang et peuvent \u00e9galement atteindre le cerveau. En conclusion, les particules ultrafines ont \u00e9t\u00e9 identifi\u00e9es comme une menace majeure et, \u00e0 ce jour, sous-estim\u00e9e pour la sant\u00e9 des travailleurs. Le groupe de travail s’est donc concentr\u00e9 sur l’identification de solutions pour lutter contre la pollution de l’air par les PUF. <\/li>\n
  3. Le groupe de travail a particip\u00e9 \u00e0 plusieurs ateliers de r\u00e9flexion pour trouver des solutions. Certaines solutions ont \u00e9t\u00e9 mises en \u0153uvre imm\u00e9diatement, tandis que d’autres ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tudi\u00e9es et \u00e9valu\u00e9es en fonction de leur efficacit\u00e9 en mati\u00e8re de pollution et de s\u00e9curit\u00e9. Dans l’ensemble, 25 projets ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9labor\u00e9s dans quatre domaines principaux : comportement, \u00e9quipement d’assistance au sol, technologie et exploitation des stands, recherche et d\u00e9veloppement. Voici quelques exemples de ces projets : campagnes comportementales et d\u00e9pliants tels que la campagne \u00ab\u00a0Coupez le moteur\u00a0\u00bb ax\u00e9e sur les v\u00e9hicules, la r\u00e9glementation de l’utilisation des APU (groupes auxiliaires de puissance) des avions, l’obligation pour les avions de rouler sur un seul moteur, l’augmentation de la proportion de v\u00e9hicules verts avec moins de gaz d’\u00e9chappement, l’installation de filtres \u00e0 particules sur les machines, etc. Tous les exemples sont \u00e9num\u00e9r\u00e9s dans le rapport (voir pi\u00e8ce jointe). <\/li>\n
  4. Parall\u00e8lement \u00e0 la mise en \u0153uvre de ces innovations, une \u00e9tude de cohorte est men\u00e9e pour \u00e9tudier la pr\u00e9valence des maladies graves, dont le cancer, parmi les travailleurs de l’a\u00e9roport de Copenhague. Le projet se poursuivra \u00e0 l’avenir. <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Financement<\/h2>\n

    Ce projet a \u00e9t\u00e9 financ\u00e9 par l’a\u00e9roport de Copenhague.<\/p>\n

    Enseignements tir\u00e9s<\/h2>\n
      \n
    • Il est important de cr\u00e9er un comit\u00e9 au sein de votre organisation (c’est-\u00e0-dire l’a\u00e9roport) qui se concentre sur les PFU. Au sein de ce comit\u00e9, toutes les parties prenantes doivent \u00eatre repr\u00e9sent\u00e9es afin d’apporter un changement significatif. Dans le cadre de ce projet, les parties prenantes concern\u00e9es \u00e9taient la direction de l’a\u00e9roport, les entreprises op\u00e9rant dans l’a\u00e9roport, les syndicats et les chercheurs. <\/li>\n
    • Avant d’identifier des solutions, il est essentiel de prendre la mesure du probl\u00e8me de la pollution de l’air dans votre \u00e9tablissement. Il est recommand\u00e9 de commencer par contr\u00f4ler le niveau des UFP au fil des saisons, en raison des changements saisonniers de l’\u00e9quipement et de la qualit\u00e9 de l’air. <\/li>\n
    • Lorsque vous \u00e9laborez une strat\u00e9gie de changement, \u00e9tablissez un plan assorti d’\u00e9ch\u00e9ances et d’objectifs sp\u00e9cifiques et mesurables.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"template":"","sector":[1919,1879],"carcinogens":[1621,2075],"stop":[1825,2060,2057],"country":[2391],"class_list":["post-44407","good-practice","type-good-practice","status-publish","hentry","sector-fabrication-de-moteurs-et-turbines-a-lexception-des-moteurs-pour-avions-vehicules-et-cycles","sector-fabrication-de-vehicules-aeriens-et-spatiaux-et-de-machines-connexes","carcinogens-hydrocarbures-aromatiques-polycycliques-hap","carcinogens-poussiere","stop-organisationnel","stop-substitution","stop-technique","country-danemark-fr"],"yoast_head":"\nPollution atmosph\u00e9rique \u00e0 l'a\u00e9roport de Copenhague<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Many other companies are taking measures to completely avoid or protect workers from exposure to carcinogenic substances.\" 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