{"id":106405,"date":"2026-06-29T10:13:55","date_gmt":"2026-06-29T10:13:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/fact\/diklormetan\/"},"modified":"2026-06-29T10:13:55","modified_gmt":"2026-06-29T10:13:55","slug":"diklormetan","status":"publish","type":"fact","link":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/is\/fact\/diklormetan\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u00edkl\u00f3rmetan"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote><p>Eldri g\u00f6gn (CAREX) fr\u00e1 1990 s\u00fdna a\u00f0 um \u00fea\u00f0 bil 250.000 starfsmenn \u00ed ESB (15 a\u00f0ildarr\u00edkjum) hafa or\u00f0i\u00f0 fyrir v\u00e1hrifum d\u00edkl\u00f3rmetans (einnig \u00feekkt sem met\u00fdlenkl\u00f3r\u00ed\u00f0 e\u00f0a kl\u00f3r\u00f3form) \u00ed starfi. Hins vegar hefur notkun d\u00edkl\u00f3rmetans veri\u00f0 verulega takm\u00f6rku\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0an (REACH regluger\u00f0in, tilskipun um drykkjarvatn). <\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>N\u00faverandi mat \u00e1 \u00fatsetningu d\u00edkl\u00f3rmetans \u00ed starfi \u00ed ESB er ekki tilt\u00e6kt. Helstu \u00fatsetningarlei\u00f0ir \u00e1 vinnusta\u00f0 eru \u00f6ndunarvegur og h\u00fa\u00f0. D\u00edkl\u00f3rmetan hefur samr\u00e6mda flokkun samkv\u00e6mt CLP sem krabbameinsvaldandi \u00ed 2. flokki. IARC flokkar efni\u00f0 sem krabbameinsvaldandi \u00ed flokki 2A (l\u00edklega krabbameinsvaldandi fyrir menn). Grunur leikur \u00e1 a\u00f0 d\u00edkl\u00f3rmetan valdi krabbameini \u00ed brisi, lungum og lifur.    <\/p>\n<h2>\u00dear sem \u00e1h\u00e6tta kemur upp<\/h2>\n<p>D\u00edkl\u00f3rmetan er a\u00f0allega nota\u00f0 sem m\u00e1lningarhreinsir, fituhreinsir, drifefni, k\u00e6limi\u00f0ill og \u00fatdr\u00e1ttarleysiefni. \u00dea\u00f0 er mj\u00f6g rokgj\u00f6rnt, leysir upp m\u00f6rg l\u00edfr\u00e6n efni og er \u00fev\u00ed einnig nota\u00f0 sem leysiefni fyrir plastefni, fitu, plast og malbik. \u00dea\u00f0 \u00fej\u00f3nar einnig sem l\u00edm fyrir s\u00e9rst\u00f6k notkun (akr\u00fdlgler, p\u00f3l\u00fdst\u00fdren).  <\/p>\n<p>D\u00edkl\u00f3rmetan er mj\u00f6g rokgj\u00f6rnt efni, sem \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir a\u00f0 \u00feegar \u00fea\u00f0 er nota\u00f0 \u00e1 st\u00f3ru sv\u00e6\u00f0i getur \u00fea\u00f0 flj\u00f3tt safnast fyrir \u00ed loftinu og veri\u00f0 anda\u00f0 a\u00f0 s\u00e9r. Vi\u00f0 sl\u00edkar st\u00f3rfelldar notkunar, eins og vi\u00f0 fituhreinsun e\u00f0a l\u00edmingu \u00e1 (plast)fl\u00f6tum, getur \u00fea\u00f0 samt sem \u00e1\u00f0ur myndast mikill styrkur d\u00edkl\u00f3rmetans \u00ed andardr\u00e1ttarloftinu. Mikil \u00fatsetning er m\u00f6guleg fyrir starfsmenn sem nota m\u00e1lningarhreinsiefni (byggingari\u00f0na\u00f0ur, endurb\u00e6tur) og vi\u00f0 verkefni eins og \u00ferif \u00e1 tankum, fituhreinsun og vi\u00f0hald \u00e1 loku\u00f0um r\u00fdmum. Mi\u00f0lungsmikil \u00fatsetning er d\u00e6miger\u00f0 \u00ed efnaframlei\u00f0slu, lyfjaframlei\u00f0slu og leysiefnabl\u00f6ndun en b\u00faast m\u00e1 vi\u00f0 l\u00edtilli \u00fatsetningu \u00ed greiningar-, ranns\u00f3knar- og heilbrig\u00f0isstofum, fyrir starfsf\u00f3lk ranns\u00f3knarstofa og \u00ed lyfjai\u00f0na\u00f0i (\u00fatdr\u00e1ttarefni) og vi\u00f0 yfirbor\u00f0sme\u00f0h\u00f6ndlun \u00e1 plasti me\u00f0 fituhreinsunarefnum og l\u00edmum.   <\/p>\n<h2>Meira um efni\u00f0<\/h2>\n<p>D\u00edkl\u00f3rmetan er alifat\u00edskt, metta\u00f0 hal\u00f3gena\u00f0 kolvetni sem, \u00ed hreinu formi, er litlaus v\u00f6kvi me\u00f0 kl\u00f3r\u00f3forml\u00edkri lykt. \u00dea\u00f0 hefur l\u00e1gt su\u00f0umark upp \u00e1 40\u00b0C og gufu\u00fer\u00fdsting upp \u00e1 470 hPa (vi\u00f0 20\u00b0C) og er mj\u00f6g rokgj\u00f6rnt. \u00deegar nota\u00f0ar eru v\u00f6rur sem innihalda d\u00edkl\u00f3rmetan losna um \u00fea\u00f0 bil 85% af efninu \u00fat \u00ed umhverfi\u00f0. Vi\u00f0 venjulegar notkunarskilyr\u00f0i er d\u00edkl\u00f3rmetan ekki eldfimt; \u00fe\u00f3 getur veri\u00f0 h\u00e6tta \u00e1 sprengingu \u00ed loku\u00f0um \u00edl\u00e1tum.   <\/p>\n<p>Vegna takmarkana \u00e1 notkun samkv\u00e6mt REACH regluger\u00f0inni mega m\u00e1lningarfjarl\u00e6gingarefni sem innihalda meira en 0,1% af d\u00edkl\u00f3rmetani mi\u00f0a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 \u00feyngd a\u00f0eins vera notu\u00f0 \u00ed atvinnuskyni af s\u00e9r\u00fej\u00e1lfu\u00f0u starfsf\u00f3lki. Bruni d\u00edkl\u00f3rmetans getur mynda\u00f0 loftkennt, mj\u00f6g eitra\u00f0 fosgen. <\/p>\n<h2>H\u00e6ttur sem geta komi\u00f0 upp<\/h2>\n<p>Ef efni\u00f0 fr\u00e1sogast \u00ed flj\u00f3tandi formi, t.d. \u00ed gegnum h\u00fa\u00f0ina, hefur \u00fea\u00f0 fyrst og fremst \u00e1hrif \u00e1 mi\u00f0taugakerfi\u00f0 og veldur einkennum eins og h\u00f6fu\u00f0verk, sundli, \u00f3gle\u00f0i, dofa og skertri einbeitingu. \u00cd l\u00edkamanum breytist d\u00edkl\u00f3rmetan \u00ed kolm\u00f3nox\u00ed\u00f0 og veldur \u00feannig kolm\u00f3nox\u00ed\u00f0eitrun. Erting \u00ed \u00f6ndunarf\u00e6rum og augum, lystarleysi, l\u00e9leg einbeiting og \u00fereyta getur einnig komi\u00f0 fram.  <\/p>\n<p>Langvarandi snerting vi\u00f0 h\u00fa\u00f0 lei\u00f0ir til ni\u00f0urbrots fituvefs og veldur \u00feannig \u00fatbrotum og kl\u00e1\u00f0a \u00ed h\u00fa\u00f0. D\u00edkl\u00f3rmetangufur eru \u00feyngri en loft og safnast \u00fev\u00ed fyrir n\u00e1l\u00e6gt j\u00f6r\u00f0u. Inn\u00f6ndun gufunnar getur valdi\u00f0 ska\u00f0a \u00e1 sj\u00f3ntaug og lifur (lifrarb\u00f3lga).  <\/p>\n<p>Mikilv\u00e6gasta \u00e1hrif langt\u00edma\u00e1hrifa eru krabbameinsvaldandi \u00e1hrif. Grunur leikur \u00e1 a\u00f0 d\u00edkl\u00f3rmetan valdi krabbameini \u00ed brisi, lungum og lifur. <\/p>\n<p><strong>Seinkunart\u00edmi fyrir \u00fer\u00f3un krabbameins eftir \u00fatsetningu fyrir d\u00edkl\u00f3rmetani getur veri\u00f0 \u00e1 bilinu 20 til 30 \u00e1r.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>\u00dea\u00f0 sem \u00fe\u00fa getur gert<\/h2>\n<p>Fyrst og fremst \u00e6ttir \u00fe\u00fa a\u00f0 athuga hvort h\u00e6gt s\u00e9 a\u00f0 skipta \u00fat v\u00f6rum sem innihalda d\u00edkl\u00f3rmetan fyrir minna h\u00e6ttulegar e\u00f0a h\u00e6ttulausar v\u00f6rur. Fj\u00f6lbreytt \u00farval af \u00f6\u00f0rum v\u00f6rum er \u00ed bo\u00f0i, s\u00e9rstaklega til notkunar sem drifefni. Ef enginn sta\u00f0gengill er til sta\u00f0ar ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 gr\u00edpa til vi\u00f0eigandi heilbrig\u00f0is- og \u00f6ryggisr\u00e1\u00f0stafana, s\u00e9rstaklega fyrir st\u00f3rfelldar notkunara\u00f0fer\u00f0ir, til a\u00f0 vernda starfsmenn sem ver\u00f0a fyrir \u00e1hrifum. Gufur ver\u00f0a a\u00f0 vera safna\u00f0ar og sogna\u00f0ar \u00fat vi\u00f0 uppt\u00f6k e\u00f0a n\u00e1l\u00e6gt j\u00f6r\u00f0u me\u00f0 \u00fatsogskerfum. Fj\u00f6ldi \u00fatsettra einstaklinga og lengd \u00fatsetningar ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 vera \u00ed l\u00e1gmarki. Starfsm\u00f6nnum sem ver\u00f0a fyrir \u00e1hrifum ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 vera reglulega lei\u00f0beint, \u00e1 skiljanlegan h\u00e1tt, um \u00e1h\u00e6ttu af v\u00f6ldum d\u00edkl\u00f3rmetans og framkv\u00e6md verndarr\u00e1\u00f0stafana. \u00deegar \u00f6llum nefndum r\u00e1\u00f0st\u00f6funum hefur veri\u00f0 fulln\u00e6gt er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 draga enn frekar \u00far uppt\u00f6ku d\u00edkl\u00f3rmetans \u00ed l\u00edkamann me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 nota vi\u00f0eigandi pers\u00f3nuhl\u00edfar (PPE) og vinnufatna\u00f0. PPE og vinnufatna\u00f0ur ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 vera h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 \u00fer\u00edfa og geyma \u00e1 hreinl\u00e6tislegan h\u00e1tt. \u00deegar \u00f6ndunarhl\u00edfar og hanska eru nota\u00f0ar ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 fylgja lei\u00f0beiningum framlei\u00f0anda var\u00f0andi hentugleika, me\u00f0h\u00f6ndlun, vi\u00f0hald, \u00ferif og gegndr\u00e6pist\u00edma.        <\/p>\n<p><em>Heimildir: OECD, ECHA; EU-OSHA, Gestis, EC, UBA.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","carcinogens":[3039],"class_list":["post-106405","fact","type-fact","status-publish","hentry","carcinogens-dichloromethane-is"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.9 (Yoast SEO v27.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>D\u00edkl\u00f3rmetan - STOP carcinogens at work<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Be aware of what you work with! 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