{"id":106410,"date":"2026-06-29T09:49:10","date_gmt":"2026-06-29T09:49:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/fact\/ledurryk\/"},"modified":"2026-06-29T09:49:10","modified_gmt":"2026-06-29T09:49:10","slug":"ledurryk","status":"publish","type":"fact","link":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/is\/fact\/ledurryk\/","title":{"rendered":"Le\u00f0urryk"},"content":{"rendered":"

Fj\u00f6ldi starfsmanna sem hugsanlega ver\u00f0a fyrir \u00e1hrifum af le\u00f0urryki er \u00e1\u00e6tla\u00f0ur um 310.000 \u00ed \u00f6llum ESB-l\u00f6ndum. Helsta \u00fatsetningarlei\u00f0 \u00ed starfi er \u00f6ndunarvegur (inn\u00f6ndun ryks). Le\u00f0urryk er flokka\u00f0 sem krabbameinsvaldandi efni hj\u00e1 m\u00f6nnum af IARC (flokkur 1). \u00dea\u00f0 er ekki flokka\u00f0 samkv\u00e6mt evr\u00f3psku CLP regluger\u00f0inni \u00fear sem \u00fea\u00f0 er efni sem myndast vi\u00f0 ferla sem notu\u00f0 eru vi\u00f0 le\u00f0urvinnslu. \u00datsetning fyrir \u00feessu ryki veldur krabbameini \u00ed nefholi og krabbameini \u00ed sk\u00fatab\u00f3lgu. <\/p>\n

\u00dear sem \u00e1h\u00e6tta kemur upp<\/h2>\n

Le\u00f0urryk myndast a\u00f0allega vi\u00f0 v\u00e9lr\u00e6na notkun \u00e1 \u00feurru le\u00f0ri. \u00deetta gerist fyrst og fremst vi\u00f0 framlei\u00f0slu \u00e1 v\u00f6rum (sk\u00f3fatna\u00f0i, le\u00f0urv\u00f6rum) en einnig vi\u00f0 vi\u00f0ger\u00f0ir \u00e1 \u00feeim (sk\u00f3vi\u00f0ger\u00f0ir). Mest ryk myndast vi\u00f0 fr\u00e1gang (sl\u00edpun, sl\u00edpun, n\u00faning, klippingu, rakstur, f\u00e6gingu, afh\u00fd\u00f0ingu) . V\u00e1hrif eru minni \u00ed s\u00fatunarst\u00f6\u00f0vum og le\u00f0urvinnslust\u00f6\u00f0vum \u00fear sem \u00feessi ferli fara fram \u00ed r\u00f6ku umhverfi. \u00dev\u00ed eru me\u00f0al \u00feeirra starfsmanna sem ver\u00f0a fyrir mestum v\u00e1hrifum le\u00f0urv\u00f6ruframlei\u00f0enda, sk\u00f3smi\u00f0ir, sk\u00f3smi\u00f0ir, fr\u00e1gangsf\u00f3lk og klipparar\/klipparar. <\/p>\n

Meira um efni\u00f0<\/h2>\n

Le\u00f0urryk er fl\u00f3kin blanda af kollagen\u00fer\u00e1\u00f0um (d\u00fdrapr\u00f3teinum), s\u00fatunarleifum (pl\u00f6ntutann\u00ednum og kr\u00f3ms\u00f6ltum \u2013 kr\u00f3m(III) og hugsanlega kr\u00f3m(VI)<\/a> ), litarefnum e\u00f0a litarefnum og fr\u00e1gangsefnum (plastefnum og leysum).
\nHugtaki\u00f0 \u201ele\u00f0ur\u201c v\u00edsar til v\u00f6ru sem unnin er \u00far d\u00fdrah\u00fa\u00f0 me\u00f0 s\u00fatun e\u00f0a gegndreypingu sem var\u00f0veitir n\u00e1tt\u00farulega uppbyggingu h\u00fa\u00f0trefjanna. Efni sem eru unnin \u00far pl\u00f6ntum e\u00f0a jar\u00f0efnaeldsneyti (e\u00f0a bl\u00f6ndu af hvoru tveggja) e\u00f0a \u00far \u00f6\u00f0rum uppruna en d\u00fdrum geta ekki l\u00f6glega bori\u00f0 heiti\u00f0 \u201ele\u00f0ur\u201c. <\/p>\n

Taka skal fram a\u00f0 krabbameinsvaldandi \u00e1hrif sem IARC hefur vi\u00f0urkennt tengjast rykinu sj\u00e1lfu, \u00fe.e. f\u00f6stum \u00f6gnum sem myndast vi\u00f0 v\u00e9lr\u00e6na vinnslu \u00e1 s\u00fatu\u00f0u le\u00f0ri, en ekki hugsanlegri n\u00e6rveru \u00ed \u00feessu ryki af \u00feekktum krabbameinsvaldandi efnum eins og kr\u00f3mi VI (sj\u00e1 s\u00e9rstaka uppl\u00fdsingabla\u00f0 um kr\u00f3m VI h\u00e9r).<\/p>\n

Engin vi\u00f0mi\u00f0unarm\u00f6rk fyrir v\u00e1hrif \u00e1 vinnusta\u00f0 eru tilt\u00e6k eins og er fyrir le\u00f0urryk, hvorki \u00e1 landsv\u00edsu n\u00e9 \u00ed Evr\u00f3pu.<\/p>\n

Heilsufars\u00e1h\u00e6tta sem getur komi\u00f0 upp<\/h2>\n

Helsta \u00fatsetningarlei\u00f0 starfsmanna fyrir le\u00f0urryki er \u00ed gegnum \u00f6ndunarveginn (inn\u00f6ndun ryks). Til skamms t\u00edma eru ska\u00f0leg heilsufarsleg \u00e1hrif me\u00f0al annars erting \u00ed \u00f6ndunarvegi, nefsl\u00edmub\u00f3lga, erting \u00ed augum og h\u00f3sti. Til langs t\u00edma liti\u00f0 getur \u00fatsetning fyrir le\u00f0urryki valdi\u00f0 krabbameini \u00ed h\u00e1ls-, nef- og sk\u00fatab\u00f3lgum (ennisholum, nefholum) og getur auki\u00f0 \u00f6ndunarf\u00e6rasj\u00fakd\u00f3ma (langvinna berkjub\u00f3lgu).
\n Krabbamein \u00ed nefholum og sk\u00fatab\u00f3lgu sem tengist le\u00f0urryki getur veri\u00f0 vi\u00f0urkennt sem atvinnutengd krabbamein \u00ed sumum ESB-l\u00f6ndum (Frakklandi, \u00de\u00fdskalandi, Sp\u00e1ni, \u00cdtal\u00edu), en skilyr\u00f0i fyrir sl\u00edkri vi\u00f0urkenningu eru mismunandi eftir l\u00f6ndum.
\n Seinkunart\u00edminn fyrir upphaf krabbameins getur veri\u00f0 tilt\u00f6lulega langur (\u00e1 milli 10 og 40 \u00e1ra). <\/p>\n

\u00dea\u00f0 sem \u00fe\u00fa getur gert<\/h2>\n

Le\u00f0urryk myndast vi\u00f0 vinnslu d\u00fdrah\u00fa\u00f0a (s\u00fatun, skur\u00f0, n\u00faning, sl\u00edpun o.s.frv.) og \u00fev\u00ed er ekki h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 for\u00f0ast \u00fea\u00f0. Til a\u00f0 takmarka \u00fatsetningu fyrir ryki ver\u00f0ur \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 vinna \u00ed loku\u00f0u kerfi e\u00f0a, ef \u00fea\u00f0 er ekki m\u00f6gulegt, ver\u00f0ur hver vinnust\u00f6\u00f0 a\u00f0 vera b\u00fain sameiginlegum verndarr\u00e1\u00f0st\u00f6funum (innanh\u00fasshl\u00edfum b\u00fana\u00f0ar, ryksogskerfi). \u00deessi kerfi ver\u00f0a a\u00f0 vera vi\u00f0haldin reglulega til a\u00f0 tryggja virkni \u00feeirra. Einnig ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 takmarka fj\u00f6lda starfsmanna sem ver\u00f0a fyrir \u00e1hrifum. Sem s\u00ed\u00f0asta \u00farr\u00e6\u00f0i, ef ekki er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 draga verulega \u00far rykmagni fyrir \u00e1kve\u00f0in verkefni me\u00f0 ofangreindum r\u00e1\u00f0st\u00f6funum, m\u00e1 nota \u00f6ndunargr\u00edmur. \u00cd sl\u00edkum tilfellum ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 \u00fej\u00e1lfa notkun \u00feeirra og \u00fatf\u00e6ra og innlei\u00f0a verklagsreglur um stj\u00f3rnun \u00feessa b\u00fana\u00f0ar. \u00dear sem s\u00fdnt hefur veri\u00f0 fram \u00e1 a\u00f0 krabbameinsvaldandi efni eru \u00e1 vinnufleti er regluleg \u00ferif \u00e1 yfirbor\u00f0um og strangt hreinl\u00e6ti (\u00ferif \u00e1 vinnuf\u00f6tum og h\u00f6ndum) nau\u00f0synlegt til a\u00f0 takmarka upps\u00f6fnun ryks. <\/p>\n

Heimildir:<\/p>\n