{"id":106489,"date":"2026-06-29T10:17:19","date_gmt":"2026-06-29T10:17:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/fact\/dibromur-tal-etilene-12-dibromoetan\/"},"modified":"2026-06-29T10:17:19","modified_gmt":"2026-06-29T10:17:19","slug":"dibromur-tal-etilene-12-dibromoetan","status":"publish","type":"fact","link":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/mt\/fact\/dibromur-tal-etilene-12-dibromoetan\/","title":{"rendered":"Dibromur tal-etilene (1,2-dibromoetan)"},"content":{"rendered":"

L-istimi disponibbli tan-numru ta\u2019 \u0127addiema li b\u0127alissa huma esposti g\u0127ad-dibromur tal-etilene (1,2-dibromoetan) fl-UE huma skarsi \u0127afna. Fl-2006 kien stmat li madwar 8,000 \u0127addiem huma esposti g\u0127ad-dibromur tal-etilene fl-industriji kollha fl-UE. Primarjament, l-espo\u017cizzjoni relatata max-xog\u0127ol isse\u0127\u0127 permezz tal-inalazzjoni tal-fwar u permezz ta\u2019 rotta dermali. Id-dibromur tal-etilene g\u0127andu klassifikazzjoni armonizzata b\u0127ala Kar\u010bino\u0121enu kategorija 1B skont ir-Regolament CLP (kar\u010bino\u0121enu pre\u017cunt). L-effett anti\u010bipat fuq is-sa\u0127\u0127a wara espo\u017cizzjoni kronika g\u0127ad-dibromur tal-etilene fil-\u0127addiema huwa l-kar\u010bino\u0121eni\u010bit\u00e0 fis-sit tal-kuntatt. Fil-bnedmin, id-dibromur tal-etilene jikka\u0121una wkoll effetti fuq is-sistema riproduttiva fl-ir\u0121iel (tnaqqis f\u2019diversi parametri tal-isperma). <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Fejn ise\u0127\u0127u r-riskji<\/h2>\n

Storikament, l-etilene dibromur kien primarjament u\u017cat b\u0127ala addittiv li jne\u0127\u0127i \u010b-\u010bomb fil-ga\u017colina. Din l-applikazzjoni naqset wara l-projbizzjoni tal-UE fuq fjuwils li fihom i\u010b-\u010bomb, g\u0127alkemm l-etilene dibromur g\u0127adu jintu\u017ca b\u0127ala kennies fil-fjuwils tal-avjazzjoni u tat-tlielaq. Fil-passat, kien ukoll u\u017cat \u0127afna fl-agrikoltura b\u0127ala pesti\u010bida u b\u0127ala komponent tal-fumiganti tal-\u0127amrija u tal-qmu\u0127. <\/p>\n

B\u0127alissa, l-etilene dibromur jintu\u017ca b\u0127ala solvent mhux fjammabbli g\u0127al xama’, re\u017cini, u gomom, f’formulazzjonijiet g\u0127all-kontroll tal-insetti, u fi preparazzjonijiet ta\u017c-\u017cebg\u0127a. Iservi wkoll b\u0127ala intermedju fil-manifattura ta’ \u010berti kimi\u010bi organi\u010bi, b\u0127al fis-sintesi tal-vinil bromur.
\n Il-manifattura kimika hija s-settur bl-og\u0127la espo\u017cizzjonijiet g\u0127all-etilene dibromur, bl-operaturi u t-tekni\u010bi tal-pro\u010bess kimiku, tal-lott jew tad-distillazzjoni (e\u017c. manutenzjoni, formulazzjoni, pro\u010bess) ikunu l-aktar okkupazzjonijiet esposti. Il-kompiti relatati mat-ta\u0127lit u l-pro\u010bessi tal-vulkanizzazzjoni huma dawk li jqajmu t\u0127assib partikolari. L-espo\u017cizzjoni tista’ sse\u0127\u0127 ukoll fl-ittestjar u l-anali\u017ci teknika u fir-ri\u010berka u l-i\u017cvilupp xjentifiku (kimi\u010bi analiti\u010bi, tekni\u010bi tal-laboratorju, e\u010b\u010b.). <\/p>\n

Aktar dwar is-sustanza<\/h2>\n

Id-dibromur tal-etilene huwa likwidu bla kulur u tqil li g\u0127andu ri\u0127a kemxejn \u0127elwa, simili g\u0127all-kloroform. Jin\u0127all fl-ilma u jit\u0127allat mal-bi\u010b\u010ba l-kbira tas-solventi organi\u010bi. Id-dibromur tal-etilene jori\u0121ina prin\u010bipalment minn attivitajiet tal-bniedem. Id-dibromur tal-etilene huwa mobbli \u0127afna u jista’ jinstab fl-ilma ta’ ta\u0127t l-art. Hemm fis-se\u0127\u0127 valur limitu ta’ espo\u017cizzjoni okkupazzjonali vinkolanti fl-UE kollha ta’ 0.8mg\/m\u00b3 fl-arja. <\/p>\n

Riskji g\u0127as-sa\u0127\u0127a li jistg\u0127u jse\u0127\u0127u<\/h2>\n

L-espo\u017cizzjoni okkupazzjonali g\u0127all-etilene dibromur \u0121eneralment isse\u0127\u0127 permezz tal-inalazzjoni tal-fwar. Madankollu, l-etilene dibromur ji\u0121i assorbit ukoll mill-\u0121ilda. <\/p>\n

Espo\u017cizzjoni g\u0127al \u017cmien qasir g\u0127all-etilene dibromid tista’ tikkaw\u017ca \u0127sara lill-qalb, lill-pulmuni, lill-kliewi u lill-\u0121ilda.<\/p>\n

M’hemm l-ebda informazzjoni robusta dwar jekk l-etilene dibromur jikkaw\u017cax kan\u010ber fil-bnedmin, i\u017cda huwa kar\u010bino\u0121enu qawwi f’diversi siti fl-annimali. L-istudji jissu\u0121\u0121erixxu li l-esponiment fit-tul g\u0127al din is-sustanza jista’ jikkaw\u017ca kan\u010ber na\u017cali u tal-pulmun u effetti avversi fuq ir-riproduzzjoni u l-fertilit\u00e0 fil-\u0127addiema. <\/p>\n

Dak li tista’ tag\u0127mel<\/h2>\n

Il-mi\u017cura preferuta biex ji\u0121i eliminat ir-riskju ta’ espo\u017cizzjoni hija s-sostituzzjoni b’alternattivi aktar sikuri u \u0127ielsa mid-dibromur tal-etilene jew b’bidla fil-pro\u010bessi. Fejn is-sostituzzjoni tad-dibromur tal-etilene ma tkunx possibbli, jew meta din isse\u0127\u0127 b\u0127ala prodott sekondarju, trid tintrodu\u010bi mi\u017curi biex tnaqqas l-espo\u017cizzjoni. <\/p>\n

L-aktar mod effettiv biex tevita l-espo\u017cizzjoni g\u0127ad-dibromur tal-etilene huwa li ti\u017cviluppa u tu\u017ca sistemi ta’ awtomazzjoni jew sistemi mag\u0127luqa fejn ma jkun hemm l-ebda kuntatt dirett mal-\u0127addiem permezz ta’ separazzjoni fi\u017cika. Id-dibromur tal-etilene g\u0127andu ji\u0121i prodott f’sistemi mag\u0127luqa b’qbid tal-fwar, ittrasportat f’pajpijiet mag\u0127luqa, akkumpanjat bl-u\u017cu ta’ konnetturi ta’ akkoppjar b’emissjonijiet baxxi biex ji\u0121u minimizzati l-emissjonijiet waqt it-trasferiment. Id-dibromur tal-etilene g\u0127andu jin\u0127a\u017cen f’postijiet protetti minn \u0127sara fi\u017cika u separatament minn metalli kimikament attivi. <\/p>\n

Fejn ma jkunx teknikament possibbli li ji\u0121i sostitwit l-etilene dibromur u x-xog\u0127ol fi pro\u010bess mag\u0127luq ma jkunx fattibbli, je\u0127tie\u0121 li jkun hemm mi\u017curi tekni\u010bi fis-se\u0127\u0127 biex ji\u0121i \u017cgurat li l-livell ta’ espo\u017cizzjoni tal-\u0127addiema jitnaqqas g\u0127all-aktar livell baxx teknikament possibbli.<\/p>\n

Dan jinkludi l-u\u017cu ta’ eg\u017cost lokali u ventilazzjoni ta’ dilwizzjoni \u0121enerali. Implimenta mi\u017curi biex ti\u017cgura i\u0121jene \u0121enerali xierqa fuq il-post tax-xog\u0127ol b’tindif regolari u \u0127a\u017cna i\u0121jenika. Wara l-kejl inizjali tal-espo\u017cizzjoni g\u0127all-valutazzjoni tar-riskju, wettaq valutazzjonijiet perjodi\u010bi tal-espo\u017cizzjoni biex tivverifika jekk il-mi\u017curi tekni\u010bi tieg\u0127ek fis-se\u0127\u0127 humiex effettivi jew jekk humiex me\u0127tie\u0121a aktar azzjonijiet. <\/p>\n

Il-limitazzjoni stretta tal-\u0127in li l-\u0127addiema jqattg\u0127u f’ambjent tax-xog\u0127ol espost (e\u017c. permezz ta’ xiftijiet) u r-restrizzjoni tal-a\u010b\u010bess g\u0127al dawk il-postijiet tax-xog\u0127ol huma mi\u017curi organizzattivi importanti biex titnaqqas l-espo\u017cizzjoni. Il-\u0127addiema g\u0127andhom ji\u0121u infurmati dwar ir-riskji possibbli asso\u010bjati ma’ kompiti li jinvolvu d-dibromur tal-etilene. Min i\u0127addem g\u0127andu j\u0127arre\u0121hom u jag\u0127tihom struzzjonijiet regolarment dwar kif ja\u0127dmu b’mod sikur bid-dibromur tal-etilene. Ipprovdi fa\u010bilitajiet adegwati g\u0127all-\u0127asil u t-tojlit u \u0127alli lill-\u0127addiema bi\u017c\u017cejjed \u0127in g\u0127al mi\u017curi i\u0121jeni\u010bi. <\/p>\n

Is-sorveljanza medika tas-sa\u0127\u0127a hija me\u0127tie\u0121a g\u0127all-\u0127addiema esposti g\u0127al sustanzi perikolu\u017ci u g\u0127aldaqstant g\u0127andhom ji\u0121u m\u0127e\u0121\u0121a jirrappurtaw kwalunkwe sintomi bikrija, b\u0127al sintomi li jaffettwaw il-qalb, il-pulmuni, il-kliewi u l-\u0121ilda.<\/p>\n

Kun \u017cgur li l-\u0127addiema jkollhom tag\u0127mir protettiv personali adegwat, b\u0127al \u0127wejje\u0121 u ingwanti protettivi. Mi\u017curi protettivi biex jitnaqqas l-assorbiment tal-etilene dibromid mill-\u0121ilda huma rakkomandati min\u0127abba l-potenzjal g\u0127al assorbiment mill-\u0121ilda. It-tag\u0127mir protettiv personali g\u0127andu jintu\u017ca biss b\u0127ala l-a\u0127\u0127ar g\u0127a\u017cla u ji\u0121i kkunsidrat biss temporanjament, wara li jkunu \u0121ew e\u017cawriti s-soluzzjonijiet tekni\u010bi u organizzattivi possibbli. <\/p>\n

Referenzi: ECHA, IOM, RAC, KE<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","carcinogens":[8614],"class_list":["post-106489","fact","type-fact","status-publish","hentry","carcinogens-dibromur-tal-etilene"],"yoast_head":"\nDibromur tal-etilene (1,2-dibromoetan) - STOP carcinogens at work<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Be aware of what you work with! We collected all the important information these causing substances in easy-to-understand factsheets.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/mt\/fact\/dibromur-tal-etilene-12-dibromoetan\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"mt_MT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Dibromur tal-etilene (1,2-dibromoetan)\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Be aware of what you work with! 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