{"id":85348,"date":"2023-08-29T10:09:24","date_gmt":"2023-08-29T10:09:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/fact\/epikloroidrina\/"},"modified":"2025-10-29T08:59:28","modified_gmt":"2025-10-29T08:59:28","slug":"epikloroidrina","status":"publish","type":"fact","link":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/mt\/fact\/epikloroidrina\/","title":{"rendered":"Epikloroidrin"},"content":{"rendered":"

L-a\u0127\u0127ar numru stmat ta\u2019 \u0127addiema esposti fl-UE g\u0127all-Epikloroidrin (1-kloro-2,3-epossipropan) mill-2011 huwa ta\u2019 madwar 44,000. L-inalazzjoni hija kkunsidrata b\u0127ala r-rotta primarja ta\u2019 espo\u017cizzjoni i\u017cda l-\u0127addiema jistg\u0127u ji\u0121u esposti wkoll permezz ta\u2019 kuntatt mal-\u0121ilda. L-epikloroidrin hija kklassifikata b\u0127ala Kar\u010bino\u0121enika tal-Kategorija 1B (skont ir-regolament Klassifikazzjoni, Tikkettjar u Ippakkjar (CLP)), li jfisser li hija pre\u017cunta li g\u0127andha potenzjal kar\u010bino\u0121eniku g\u0127all-bnedmin, abba\u017ci ta\u2019 evidenza fi testijiet fuq l-annimali. L-espo\u017cizzjoni g\u0127all-epikloroidrina hija asso\u010bjata mal-okkorrenza ta\u2019 kan\u010ber tal-pulmun u tumuri tas-sistema nervu\u017ca \u010bentrali. <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Fejn ise\u0127\u0127u r-riskji<\/h2>\n

Espo\u017cizzjonijiet relatati max-xog\u0127ol g\u0127all-epikloroidrin jistg\u0127u jse\u0127\u0127u waqt il-produzzjoni tag\u0127ha mill-kloru kif ukoll fil-produzzjoni ta’ re\u017cini epossidi\u010bi u\u017cati fil-kisi, ade\u017civi, u plastik. Ir-re\u017cini epossidi\u010bi g\u0127andhom applikazzjonijiet diversi f’setturi industrijali b\u0127al \u017cebg\u0127a, ade\u017civi, karozzi, industrija aerospazjali, kostruzzjoni, tag\u0127mir tal-ener\u0121ija rinnovabbli u elettronika (u\u017cati g\u0127al bordijiet ta’ \u010birkwiti stampati u biex jinkapsulaw komponenti elettroni\u010bi sabiex jipprote\u0121uhom mill-\u0127sara). L-epikloroidrin tintu\u017ca wkoll f’re\u017cini u polimeri spe\u010bjali g\u0127at-trattament tal-ilma, re\u017cini b’sa\u0127\u0127a g\u0127olja fl-imxarrab g\u0127all-industrija tal-karta, jew permezz ta’ skambju ta’ joni biex tippurifika l-arja u l-ilma. Barra minn hekk, tintu\u017ca b\u0127ala solvent g\u0127al esteri u eteri ta\u010b-\u010bellulo\u017ca, ippro\u010bessar tas-suf u l-qoton u fi pro\u010bessi tal-gomma. Barra minn hekk, impjiegi f’riskju ta’ espo\u017cizzjoni jinkludu \u0127addiema f’impjanti ta’ sinte\u017ci kimika ta’ polioli g\u0127all-produzzjoni ta’ fowms tal-poliuretan ri\u0121idi, u a\u0121enti superfi\u010bjali attivi g\u0127all-prodotti tal-\u0127asil. <\/p>\n

Aktar dwar is-sustanza<\/h2>\n

L-epikloroidrin hija likwidu fjammabbli bla kulur b’ri\u0127a qawwija, b\u0127al tat-tewm, moderatament solubbli fl-ilma, i\u017cda tit\u0127allat mal-bi\u010b\u010ba l-kbira tas-solventi organi\u010bi polari. Mal-kombustjoni, tifforma d\u0127a\u0127en tossi\u010bi u korru\u017civi ta’ klorur tal-idro\u0121enu u kloru. L-epikloroidrin tirrea\u0121ixxi b’mod vjolenti mal-aluminju, i\u017c-\u017cingu, l-alko\u0127ol, il-fenoli, l-amini u l-a\u010bidi organi\u010bi; dan ji\u0121\u0121enera periklu ta’ nar u splu\u017cjoni. <\/p>\n

Perikli li jistg\u0127u jse\u0127\u0127u<\/h2>\n

In-nifs tal-fwar tal-epikloroidrin huwa kkunsidrat b\u0127ala r-rotta primarja ta’ espo\u017cizzjoni, i\u017cda assorbiment sinifikanti mill-\u0121ilda huwa wkoll possibbli. Espo\u017cizzjoni g\u0127al \u017cmien qasir g\u0127all-epikloroidrina tista’ tikkaw\u017ca irritazzjoni fl-g\u0127ajnejn, fil-passa\u0121\u0121 respiratorju, u fil-\u0121ilda. L-inalazzjoni tal-fwar tista’ tikkaw\u017ca reazzjonijiet simili g\u0127all-a\u017cma. Barra minn hekk, il-kuntatt mal-epikloroidrina jista’ jirrita u ja\u0127raq il-\u0121ilda u l-g\u0127ajnejn. F’livelli g\u0127oljin ta’ espo\u017cizzjoni, jistg\u0127u ji\u0121u osservati dardir, rimettar, sog\u0127la, qtug\u0127 ta’ nifs, infjammazzjoni tal-pulmun, edema pulmonari, effetti fuq is-sistema nervu\u017ca \u010bentrali u \u0127sara fil-kliewi u fil-fwied. Kuntatt ripetut jew fit-tul mal-epikloroidrina jista’ jikkaw\u017ca sensittivit\u00e0 tal-\u0121ilda. Barra minn hekk, espo\u017cizzjoni kronika g\u0127all-epikloroidrina jista’ jkollha effetti fuq il-kliewi, il-fwied u l-pulmuni, kif ukoll riskju akbar ta’ kan\u010ber limfatiku u emopojetiku. <\/p>\n

Dak li tista’ tag\u0127mel<\/h2>\n

L-aktar mod effettiv biex ti\u0121i evitata l-espo\u017cizzjoni huwa permezz tas-sostituzzjoni tal-epikloroidrin, pere\u017cempju b’metodi alternattivi g\u0127all-manifattura ta’ re\u017cini epossidi\u010bi; sostituti g\u0127ar-re\u017cini epossidi\u010bi f’applikazzjonijiet differenti b\u0127al kisi, kostruzzjoni, ade\u017civi, laminati u kompo\u017citi; pro\u010bessi alternattivi g\u0127as-sintesi tal-gli\u010berina; u sostituti g\u0127all-elastomeri tal-epikloroidrina. Fejn is-sostituzzjoni tal-epikloroidrin mhijiex possibbli u l-u\u017cu tal-epikloroidrina ma jistax ji\u0121i evitat, iridu jittie\u0127du mi\u017curi biex titnaqqas l-espo\u017cizzjoni. <\/p>\n

L-aktar mod effettiv biex ti\u0121i evitata l-espo\u017cizzjoni g\u0127all-epiklorodina huwa li ji\u0121u \u017cviluppati u u\u017cati sistemi mag\u0127luqa. Fejn dan mhux possibbli, g\u0127andhom ji\u0121u implimentati mi\u017curi tekni\u010bi b\u0127al ventilazzjoni lokali effettiva tal-eg\u017cost, supplimentati b’ventilazzjoni tajba tal-post tax-xog\u0127ol kif ukoll il-verifika tal-effettivit\u00e0 tag\u0127hom biex ji\u0121i \u017cgurat li l-espo\u017cizzjoni ti\u0121i minimizzata kemm jista’ jkun teknikament possibbli. <\/p>\n

Implimenta evalwazzjonijiet regolari tal-espo\u017cizzjoni biex tivverifika jekk il-mi\u017curi protettivi tieg\u0127ek humiex effettivi jew jekk hemmx b\u017conn li jittie\u0127du aktar azzjonijiet. Il-\u0127addiema je\u0127tie\u0121 li jkunu konxji tal-effetti tal-espo\u017cizzjoni u g\u0127andhom ji\u0121u m\u0127arr\u0121a regolarment dwar il-mi\u017curi ta’ kontroll me\u0127tie\u0121a biex ja\u0127dmu b’mod sikur bl-epikloroidrin biex jipprevjenu l-espo\u017cizzjoni. Huwa rakkomandat li tinvolvi tabib. \u0126e\u0121\u0121e\u0121 lill-\u0127addiema biex jirrappurtaw dwar sintomi bikrija. Barra minn hekk, il-\u0127addiema kollha g\u0127andhom jing\u0127ataw struzzjonijiet biex ja\u0127slu idejhom sew qabel ma jie\u0127du paw\u017ca jew jid\u0127lu f’\u017cona o\u0127ra, u biex ja\u0127slu lilhom infushom u jibdlu \u0127wejji\u0121hom fi tmiem kull xift. <\/p>\n

Kun \u017cgur li l-\u0127addiema jkollhom tag\u0127mir protettiv personali adegwat, b\u0127al \u0127wejje\u0121 u ingwanti protettivi, jekk me\u0127tie\u0121. It-tag\u0127mir protettiv personali m’g\u0127andux jintu\u017ca b\u0127ala l-unika mi\u017cura preventiva. Kemm jista’ jkun mill-mi\u017curi tekni\u010bi u organizzattivi msemmija hawn fuq iridu jkunu \u0121ew implimentati minn qabel. Barra minn hekk, meta jintg\u0127a\u017cel it-tag\u0127mir, trid titqies l-anatomija tal-\u0127addiema li se ju\u017cawh u, fil-ka\u017c ta’ tag\u0127mir protettiv respiratorju bba\u017cat fuq l-a\u0121\u0121ustament tal-wi\u010b\u010b, huwa rakkomandat \u0127afna li jsir test tal-adattament fuq kull persuna. <\/p>\n

It-tag\u0127mir protettiv personali g\u0127andu jintu\u017ca biss b\u0127ala l-a\u0127\u0127ar g\u0127a\u017cla u g\u0127andu ji\u0121i kkunsidrat biss temporanjament, wara li jkunu \u0121ew e\u017cawriti s-soluzzjonijiet tekni\u010bi possibbli. Il-\u0127addiema g\u0127andhom jir\u010bievu t-ta\u0127ri\u0121 u l-informazzjoni me\u0127tie\u0121a g\u0127all-u\u017cu u l-manutenzjoni korretti tal-PPE. <\/p>\n

Referenzi: ECHA, CLP, IARC, ICSCs, IOM<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","carcinogens":[5765],"class_list":["post-85348","fact","type-fact","status-publish","hentry","carcinogens-epikloroidrina"],"yoast_head":"\nEpikloroidrin - STOP carcinogens at work<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Be aware of what you work with! We collected all the important information these causing substances in easy-to-understand factsheets.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/mt\/fact\/epikloroidrina\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"mt_MT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Epikloroidrin\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Be aware of what you work with! 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