{"id":85354,"date":"2025-03-18T07:29:25","date_gmt":"2025-03-18T07:29:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/fact\/ossimi\/"},"modified":"2025-10-28T13:28:12","modified_gmt":"2025-10-28T13:28:12","slug":"ossimi","status":"publish","type":"fact","link":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/mt\/fact\/ossimi\/","title":{"rendered":"Oximes"},"content":{"rendered":"

Huwa stmat li sa 700,000 \u0127addiem fl-UE huma esposti g\u0127all-ossimi. L-oximes jintu\u017caw fi\u017c-\u017cebg\u0127a u l-kisi likwidi (fejn ja\u0121ixxu b\u0127ala a\u0121enti kontra t-tqaxxir) u f’xi tipi ta’ si\u0121illanti bba\u017cati fuq is-silan. Min\u0127abba li huma volatili, ir-rotta ewlenija ta’ espo\u017cizzjoni hija l-inalazzjoni. <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

L-oximes jiddeskrivu familja ta’ sustanzi. L-ossimi Methylethylketoxime jew 2-butanone oxime (MEKO) u acetone oxime u\u017cati fi\u017c-\u017cebg\u0127a, verni\u010b u si\u0121illanti huma kklassifikati b\u0127ala kar\u010bino\u0121eni kategorija 1B skont ir-regolament Klassifikazzjoni, Tikkettjar u Ippakkjar (CLP). L-MEKO hija kklassifikata wkoll g\u0127al tossi\u010bit\u00e0 spe\u010bifika f’organi fil-mira b’effetti fuq l-apparat respiratorju ta’ fuq (STOT SE 1, H370) u s-sistema tad-demm (STOT RE 2, H373) minn espo\u017cizzjoni fit-tul jew ripetuta. Effetti simili fuq is-sistema tad-demm \u0121ew osservati g\u0127al acetone oxime u ossimi o\u0127ra. <\/p>\n

Fejn ise\u0127\u0127u r-riskji<\/h2>\n

L-espo\u017cizzjoni relatata max-xog\u0127ol sse\u0127\u0127 l-aktar matul il-fa\u017ci tal-applikazzjoni ta\u017c-\u017cebg\u0127a u l-kisi likwidi meta s-solventi jevaporaw. Tipikament, l-applikazzjoni ta\u017c-\u017cebg\u0127a u l-kisi sse\u0127\u0127 fil-kamp vi\u017civ tal-\u0127addiem, li jinsab fi\u017c-\u017cona tan-nifs, sabiex l-espo\u017cizzjoni g\u0127all-fwar tkun g\u0127olja. Fil-ka\u017c ta’ silani li jirrilaxxaw l-ossima, l-ossimi ji\u0121u rilaxxati kontinwament matul il-fa\u017ci tat-tqaddid sakemm is-si\u0121illanti jkunu tqadddu kompletament. Espo\u017cizzjonijiet g\u0127oljin jistg\u0127u jkunu mistennija fis-settur ta\u017c-\u017cebg\u0127a u l-verni\u010bjar u fl-isprejjar u \u017c-\u017cebg\u0127a ta’ vetturi bil-mutur. Konsegwentement, l-impjiegi b’riskju g\u0127oli ta’ espo\u017cizzjoni g\u0127all-ossimi huma l-pitturi, dawk li jirfinaw il-vetturi bil-mutur (meta ji\u017cbg\u0127u), i\u017cda wkoll il-plamers u l-fitters meta ju\u017caw si\u0121illanti li jirrilaxxaw l-ossima. Barra minn hekk, impjiegi o\u0127ra jistg\u0127u jkunu f’riskju meta jid\u0127lu f’\u017coni tax-xog\u0127ol fejn prodotti li fihom l-ossima ntu\u017caw qabel u g\u0127adhom qed jevaporaw. <\/p>\n

Aktar dwar is-sustanza<\/h2>\n

L-oximes huma likwidi bla kulur u volatili b’ri\u0127a aromatika. L-ossimi l-aktar u\u017cati huma 2-butanone oxime (MEKO), acetone oxime, 2-pentanone oxime (MPKO) u 4-methypentanone oxime (MIBKO). Madankollu, kwa\u017ci qatt ma jintu\u017caw f’forma pura, i\u017cda f’kon\u010bentrazzjonijiet baxxi (\u0121eneralment< 1%) b\u0127ala a\u0121enti kontra t-tqaxxir f’\u017cebg\u0127a u kisi (l-aktar alkili\u010bi), jew f’forma mag\u0127quda f’si\u0121illanti tas-silan li jirrilaxxaw l-oxima. <\/p>\n

Perikli li jistg\u0127u jse\u0127\u0127u<\/h2>\n

S’issa m’hemm l-ebda dejta epidemjolo\u0121ika umana disponibbli dwar l-effetti tossikolo\u0121i\u010bi ta’ xi oximes. Fi studji fuq l-annimali, l-organi ewlenin fil-mira huma l-fwied, il-milsa u s-sistema tad-demm, wara espo\u017cizzjoni orali jew permezz ta’ inalazzjoni g\u0127all-oximes. Barra minn hekk, g\u0127al MEKO \u0121ew osservati effetti narkoti\u010bi temporanji u irritazzjoni tal-\u0121ilda. G\u0127andu ji\u0121i nnutat li wara espo\u017cizzjoni dermali g\u0127al MEKO, reazzjonijiet aller\u0121i\u010bi tal-\u0121ilda huma possibbli. Sal-lum, MEKO u acetone oxime biss huma armonizzati b\u0127ala Carc. 1B (pre\u017cunti kar\u010bino\u0121eni\u010bi g\u0127all-bnedmin). G\u0127al MPKO, MIBKO u cyclohexanone oximes, li jintu\u017caw b\u0127ala ossimi alternattivi g\u0127al MEKO u acetone oxime, m’hemm l-ebda dejta korrispondenti li ti\u0121\u0121ustifika klassifikazzjoni CLH b\u0127ala kar\u010bino\u0121enika sal-pre\u017cent. Wara l-inalazzjoni ta’ MEKO, l-annimali \u017cviluppaw kan\u010ber tal-fwied u l-mog\u0127dija en\u017cimatika tista’ ti\u0121i pre\u017cunta fil-bnedmin ukoll. <\/p>\n

B\u0127alissa, m’hemmx bi\u017c\u017cejjed evidenza dwar il-kan\u010ber tal-fwied fil-bnedmin ibba\u017cata fuq l-espo\u017cizzjoni g\u0127all-MEKO u perjodu ta’ latenza possibbli.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dak li tista’ tag\u0127mel<\/h2>\n

L-aktar mod effettiv biex ti\u0121i evitata l-espo\u017cizzjoni u l-potenzjal ta’ kan\u010ber tal-fwied huwa s-sostituzzjoni b’alternattivi aktar sikuri u \u0127ielsa mill-oximes. G\u0127al oximes fi\u017c-\u017cebg\u0127a u l-verni\u010b, sistemi alternattivi ta\u017c-\u017cebg\u0127a jistg\u0127u jkunu g\u0127a\u017cla, b\u0127al \u017cebg\u0127a bba\u017cata fuq l-ilma u sistemi akrili\u010bi jew tal-poliuretan (PU). A\u0121enti alternattivi kontra l-qoxra g\u0127al \u017cebg\u0127a bba\u017cata fuq is-solvent jinsabu fis-suq u fihom komposti tal-amina. G\u0127al si\u0121illanti tas-silikon, alternattivi \u0127ielsa mill-ossimi huma disponibbli b\u0127ala sistemi ta’ a\u010betossi, benzamidi, amini, alkossi u esteri tal-lattat. Si\u0121illanti tas-silikon b’ba\u017cijiet alternattivi (e\u017c., poliuretan jew Silane Terminata Polymer (STP)) huma wkoll applikabbli. Fejn is-sostituzzjoni tal-oximes mhijiex possibbli u l-u\u017cu tal-oximes ma jistax ji\u0121i evitat, iridu jittie\u0127du mi\u017curi biex titnaqqas l-espo\u017cizzjoni. L-aktar mod effettiv biex ti\u0121i evitata l-espo\u017cizzjoni huwa li ji\u0121u \u017cviluppati u u\u017cati sistemi mag\u0127luqa. Fejn dan mhux possibbli, g\u0127andhom ji\u0121u implimentati mi\u017curi tekni\u010bi b\u0127al ventilazzjoni lokali effettiva tal-eg\u017cost, jew ventilazzjoni tajba tal-post tax-xog\u0127ol kif ukoll il-verifika tal-effettivit\u00e0 tag\u0127hom biex ji\u0121i \u017cgurat li l-espo\u017cizzjoni g\u0127all-fwar b’ossimi mi\u017c-\u017cebg\u0127a jew mis-si\u0121illanti ti\u0121i minimizzata kemm jista’ jkun teknikament possibbli.
\nImplimenta evalwazzjonijiet regolari tal-espo\u017cizzjoni biex tivverifika jekk il-mi\u017curi protettivi tieg\u0127ek humiex effettivi jew jekk hemmx b\u017conn li jittie\u0127du aktar azzjonijiet. Il-\u0127addiema je\u0127tie\u0121 li jkunu konxji tal-effetti potenzjali tal-espo\u017cizzjoni u g\u0127andhom ji\u0121u m\u0127arr\u0121a regolarment dwar il-mi\u017curi ta’ kontroll me\u0127tie\u0121a biex ja\u0127dmu b’mod sikur bl-oximes biex jipprevjenu l-espo\u017cizzjoni. G\u0127andhom ji\u0121u m\u0127e\u0121\u0121a jirrappurtaw sintomi bikrija b\u0127al sturdament, irritazzjoni tal-\u0121ilda u aller\u0121iji tal-\u0121ilda. Huwa rakkomandat li tinvolvi tabib. Barra minn hekk, \u0127arre\u0121 lill-\u0127addiema dwar mi\u017curi effettivi ta’ i\u0121jene. <\/p>\n

Kun \u017cgur li l-\u0127addiema jkollhom tag\u0127mir protettiv personali adegwat, b\u0127al \u0127wejje\u0121 u ingwanti protettivi, jekk me\u0127tie\u0121. It-tag\u0127mir protettiv personali (PPE) g\u0127andu jintu\u017ca biss b\u0127ala l-a\u0127\u0127ar g\u0127a\u017cla u ji\u0121i kkunsidrat biss temporanjament, wara li jkunu \u0121ew e\u017cawriti s-soluzzjonijiet tekni\u010bi possibbli. Jekk jintu\u017ca PPE li jista’ jer\u0121a’ jintu\u017ca, oqg\u0127od attent li jitne\u0127\u0127a bil-mod previst (tag\u0127mir respiratorju fl-a\u0127\u0127ar), jitnaddaf regolarment u jin\u0127a\u017cen b’mod li jipprevjeni l-kontaminazzjoni. <\/p>\n

Referenzi: BAuA, CLP, BG BAU<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","carcinogens":[6857],"class_list":["post-85354","fact","type-fact","status-publish","hentry","carcinogens-ossimi"],"yoast_head":"\nOximes - STOP carcinogens at work<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Huwa stmat li sa 700,000 \u0127addiem fl-UE huma esposti g\u0127all-ossimi. L-ossimi jintu\u017caw fi\u017c-\u017cebg\u0127a u l-kisi likwidi u fis-si\u0121illanti bba\u017cati fuq is-silan.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/mt\/fact\/ossimi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"mt_MT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Oximes\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Huwa stmat li sa 700,000 \u0127addiem fl-UE huma esposti g\u0127all-ossimi. 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