{"id":85309,"date":"2024-04-15T06:49:39","date_gmt":"2024-04-15T06:49:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/dekarbonizzazzjoni-u-sahha-u-sigurta-fuq-il-post-tax-xoghol\/"},"modified":"2025-09-23T10:10:29","modified_gmt":"2025-09-23T10:10:29","slug":"dekarbonizzazzjoni-u-sahha-u-sigurta-fuq-il-post-tax-xoghol","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/mt\/dekarbonizzazzjoni-u-sahha-u-sigurta-fuq-il-post-tax-xoghol\/","title":{"rendered":"Dekarbonizzazzjoni u sa\u0127\u0127a u sigurt\u00e0 fuq il-post tax-xog\u0127ol"},"content":{"rendered":"

L-UE stabbiliet miri klimati\u010bi ambizzju\u017ci biex issir l-ewwel kontinent newtrali g\u0127all-klima sal-2050, bid-dekarbonizzazzjoni u l-u\u017cu mill-\u0121did ta\u2019 materjali kriti\u010bi b\u0127ala \u017cew\u0121 objettivi ewlenin. Filwaqt li dawn l-aspirazzjonijiet huma ta\u2019 min ifa\u0127\u0127arhom, jippre\u017centaw sfidi sinifikanti f\u2019termini ta\u2019 sa\u0127\u0127a u sigurt\u00e0 fuq il-post tax-xog\u0127ol. <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Minn na\u0127a wa\u0127da, il-Patt Ekolo\u0121iku jiffoka bil-qawwa fuq it-tne\u0127\u0127ija gradwali ta\u2019 sustanzi li huma ta\u2019 \u0127sara g\u0127as-sa\u0127\u0127a tal-bniedem u g\u0127all-ambjent. Min-na\u0127a l-o\u0127ra, l-u\u017cu mill-\u0121did ta\u2019 materjali u l-produzzjoni ta\u2019 sorsi \u0121odda ta\u2019 ener\u0121ija, b\u0127al batteriji g\u0127all-elettromobbilt\u00e0 u t-turbini tar-ri\u0127, jinvolvu l-immani\u0121\u0121jar ta\u2019 sustanzi perikolu\u017ci, u xi kultant kar\u010bino\u0121eni\u010bi. Meta jitqiesu dawn l-implikazzjonijiet li ji\u0121u flimkien mal-i\u017cgurar tal-g\u0127anijiet klimati\u010bi, huwa kru\u010bjali li impjiegi \u0121odda f\u2019ekonomija \u010birkolari (ekolo\u0121ika) jipprijoritizzaw is-sigurt\u00e0 u s-sostenibbilt\u00e0, b\u2019mod partikolari fir-rigward tas-sa\u0127\u0127a u s-sigurt\u00e0 fuq il-post tax-xog\u0127ol. <\/p>\n

G\u0127anijiet konfli\u0121\u0121enti<\/h2>\n

E\u017cempju ta\u2019 dawn it-t\u0127assib jista\u2019 jidher fir- regolament tal-UE dwar il-batteriji<\/a> . L-UE g\u0127andha l-g\u0127an li \u017c\u017cid il-\u0121bir ta\u2019 batteriji (\u017cg\u0127ar), u b\u2019hekk i\u017c\u017cid il-pre\u017cenza ta\u2019 kobalt ri\u010biklat (kar\u010bino\u0121eniku), \u010bomb (tossiku g\u0127ar-riproduzzjoni), litju (tossiku g\u0127ar-riproduzzjoni), u nikil (kar\u010bino\u0121eniku, muta\u0121eniku, u tossiku g\u0127ar-riproduzzjoni) f\u2019batteriji \u0121odda. B\u2019madwar 800,000 impjegat kwalifikat fl-UE li se ja\u0127dmu fil-futur qarib fil-produzzjoni tal-batteriji (skont l- Att dwar l-Industrija Netta \u017bero<\/a> ), huwa kru\u010bjali li l-kumpaniji f\u2019dan is-settur jimplimentaw politiki ta\u2019 dili\u0121enza dovuta u jippruvaw jissostitwixxu s-sustanzi perikolu\u017ci. Barra minn hekk, l-awtoritajiet kompetenti nazzjonali se jkollhom is-setg\u0127a li, u g\u0127andhom jibdew restrizzjonijiet, g\u0127al \u010berti u\u017ci, simili g\u0127al dawk deskritti fir-regolament REACH. <\/p>\n

Riparabbilt\u00e0 u u\u017cu mill-\u0121did<\/h2>\n

\u0126afna materja prima u\u017cata fi prodotti u sistemi tal-ener\u0121ija, b\u0127al smartphones u pannelli solari, hija perikolu\u017ca meta l-\u0127addiema jkunu esposti. Min\u0127abba l-kwantitajiet limitati ta\u2019 dawn il-materjali u biex ji\u0121i minimizzat l-iskart perikolu\u017c bla b\u017conn, l-UE t\u0127e\u0121\u0121e\u0121 u tinforza lill-kumpaniji biex jag\u0127mlu l-prodotti jissewwew u biex jer\u0121g\u0127u ju\u017caw il-materjali fi tmiem i\u010b-\u010biklu tal-\u0127ajja ta\u2019 prodott. Se ti\u017cviluppa industrija biex twettaq dan, fejn l-espo\u017cizzjoni g\u0127al sustanzi perikolu\u017ci jo\u0127loq riskju serju. Huwa imperattiv li s-sigurt\u00e0 u s-sa\u0127\u0127a ta\u2019 dawn il-\u0127addiema ji\u0121u indirizzati b\u2019mod adegwat. <\/p>\n

\u017bvilupp u estrazzjoni ta’ materja prima strate\u0121ika fl-UE<\/h2>\n

L-impjegati jistg\u0127u jkunu esposti g\u0127al sustanzi perikolu\u017ci mhux biss waqt il-\u0121bir u l-u\u017cu mill-\u0121did ta\u2019 materja prima, i\u017cda wkoll waqt il-pro\u010bess ta\u2019 estrazzjoni fil-minjieri, li huwa mag\u0127ruf g\u0127all-espo\u017cizzjoni potenzjali tieg\u0127u g\u0127al sustanzi perikolu\u017ci u kar\u010bino\u0121eni\u010bi. L-UE g\u0127andha l-g\u0127an li tnaqqas id-dipendenza tag\u0127ha fuq pajji\u017ci o\u0127ra g\u0127al \u010berta materja prima u stabbilixxiet qafas biex ti\u017cgura provvista sigura u sostenibbli ta\u2019 materja prima kritika u strate\u0121ika. \u0120ew stabbiliti miri g\u0127al 10% estrazzjoni fl-UE, 40% kapa\u010bit\u00e0 ta\u2019 ppro\u010bessar, 25% ri\u010bikla\u0121\u0121 u mhux aktar minn 65% tal-konsum annwali tal-UE minn pajji\u017c terz wie\u0127ed. Minbarra l-isforzi fir-ri\u010bikla\u0121\u0121, dawn il-miri jimplikaw espansjoni tal-attivitajiet tal-minjieri fl-UE. <\/p>\n

Materja prima strate\u0121ika tal-UE<\/h3>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Materja prima strate\u0121ika<\/th>\nSustanza rappre\u017centattiva<\/th>\nKlassifikazzjoni CMR<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Bismut<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Borat<\/td>\nA\u010bidu boriku (10043-35-3)<\/td>\ntossiku g\u0127ar-riproduzzjoni<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Gallju<\/td>\nGalliumarsenide (1303-00-0)<\/td>\ntossiku g\u0127ar-riproduzzjoni<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0120ermanju<\/td>\nDijossidu tal-\u0120ermanju (1310-53-8)<\/td>\ntossiku g\u0127ar-riproduzzjoni<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kobalt<\/td>\nKarbonat tal-kobalt(II) (513-79-1)<\/td>\nkar\u010bino\u0121enu, tossiku g\u0127ar-riproduzzjoni<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ram<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Elementi rari tad-dinja (g\u0127al kalamiti)<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Litju<\/td>\nKarbonat tal-litju (554-13-2)<\/td>\ntossiku g\u0127ar-riproduzzjoni (ta\u0127t diskussjoni)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Manjesju<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Mangani\u017c<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Metalli tal-grupp tal-platinu<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Grafita Naturali<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Nikil<\/td>\nSulfat tan-nikil (7786-81-4)<\/td>\nkar\u010bino\u0121enu, muta\u0121enu, tossiku g\u0127ar-riproduzzjoni<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Metall tas-silikon<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Titanju<\/td>\nDijossidu tat-titanju (13463-67-7)<\/td>\nkar\u010binogonu (fehma \u0121udizzjarja)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tungsten<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>
Referenza: Packroff, R., Clever, M., Reese, J.; Sicher ist Sicher, 11\/2023, p.493-499<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Kimi\u010bi u materjali sikuri u sostenibbli bid-disinn<\/h2>\n

Minbarra l-isfidi relatati mal-materja prima perikolu\u017ca, irid ji\u0121i kkunsidrat id-disinn ta\u2019 kimi\u010bi, materjali u prodotti \u0121odda. Hawnhekk, l- Istrate\u0121ija tas-Sustanzi Kimi\u010bi g\u0127as-Sostenibbilt\u00e0<\/a> (CSS) tiffoka fuq l-innovazzjoni g\u0127all-produzzjoni sikura u sostenibbli ta\u2019 kimi\u010bi fl-UE. Grupp importanti ta\u2019 materjali huma fibri mag\u0127mula mill-bniedem ta\u2019 skala differenti. F\u2019dan il-kuntest, it-trab li jista\u2019 ji\u0121i inalat minn fibri li jissodisfaw l-hekk imsej\u0127a \u201ckriterji tad-WHO\u201d jippre\u017centa potenzjal kar\u010bino\u0121eniku g\u0127oli. Filwaqt li disinn sikur ta\u2019 \u0127afna tipi ta\u2019 fibri huwa teknikament possibbli, ix-xjentisti u l-in\u0121iniera tal-materjali je\u0127tie\u0121 li jkunu konxji tar-riskji potenzjali g\u0127as-sa\u0127\u0127a. Possibilment l-a\u0127jar mod biex titqajjem kuxjenza huwa li ti\u0121i integrata informazzjoni dwar ir-riskji potenzjali g\u0127as-sa\u0127\u0127a tad-disinn tal-materjali fl-edukazzjoni tag\u0127hom. <\/p>\n