{"id":68494,"date":"2023-08-29T10:09:16","date_gmt":"2023-08-29T10:09:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/fact\/vinyl-chloride\/"},"modified":"2026-06-13T11:30:13","modified_gmt":"2026-06-13T11:30:13","slug":"vinyl-chloride","status":"publish","type":"fact","link":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/no\/fact\/vinyl-chloride\/","title":{"rendered":"Vinylklorid"},"content":{"rendered":"

Det foreligger ikke anslag over det n\u00e5v\u00e6rende antallet arbeidstakere som utsettes for Vinylklorid i EU. I 1993 ble antallet ansl\u00e5tt til 40 000 arbeidstakere i EU-15. <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Eksponering for vinylklorid skjer hovedsakelig gjennom inn\u00e5nding. Langvarig eksponering kan for\u00e5rsake kreft i leveren, hjernen, blodet og lungene. Vinylklorid er i henhold til CLP-forordningen klassifisert som kreftfremkallende stoff i kategori 1A, noe som betyr at det kan for\u00e5rsake kreft hos mennesker.<\/p>\n

Hvor risiko oppst\u00e5r<\/h2>\n

Den viktigste eksponeringsveien for Vinylklorid i arbeidsmilj\u00f8et er inn\u00e5nding, noe som hovedsakelig skjer i (poly)vinylklorid-anlegg (PVC-anlegg) og i anlegg for bearbeiding av PVC (inkludert emballering, lagring og h\u00e5ndtering av Vinylklorid). Arbeidere i sektorene for produksjon av kjemiske r\u00e5varer, gj\u00f8dsel og nitrogenforbindelser, basisplast og syntetisk gummi er utsatt, i tillegg til arbeidere som er sysselsatt i tjenester knyttet til transport og bygg og anleggsvirksomhet. <\/p>\n

Mer om stoffet<\/h2>\n

Vinylklorid er en fargel\u00f8s gass som brenner lett. Den har en mild, s\u00f8t lukt, men lukten er ikke en tilstrekkelig advarsel om farlige konsentrasjoner. Den forekommer ikke naturlig og m\u00e5 fremstilles industrielt for kommersielle form\u00e5l. Vinylklorid brukes hovedsakelig til \u00e5 lage PVC; PVC brukes til \u00e5 lage en rekke plastprodukter, blant annet r\u00f8r, belegg p\u00e5 ledninger og kabler samt emballasjematerialer. Vinylklorid finnes ogs\u00e5 i tobakksr\u00f8yk. <\/p>\n

Det gjelder en bindende EU-grenseverdi for yrkesmessig eksponering p\u00e5 2,6 mg\/m\u00b3.<\/p>\n

Farer som kan oppst\u00e5<\/h2>\n

Akutt eksponering for Vinylklorid kan f\u00f8re til symptomer som svakhet, svimmelhet, tretthet, vekttap, nummenhet og prikking i lemmer, synsforstyrrelser og, i alvorlige tilfeller, koma og d\u00f8d. Det kan ogs\u00e5 irritere \u00f8ynene, huden, slimhinnene og luftveiene. Ved lave eksponeringsniv\u00e5er er kroppen i stand til \u00e5 bryte ned Vinylklorid og skille det ut i urinen. Kronisk eksponering kan for\u00e5rsake permanent leverskade og leverkreft, nevrologiske eller atferdsmessige symptomer samt forandringer i huden og beinene i h\u00e5nden. <\/p>\n

Latensperioden mellom eksponering og kreftformer knyttet til Vinylklorid varierer sterkt avhengig av hvilken type kreft det dreier seg om.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hva du kan gj\u00f8re<\/h2>\n

Den mest effektive m\u00e5ten \u00e5 forhindre eksponering p\u00e5 er \u00e5 erstatte produktene med vinylkloridfrie produkter eller produkter med lavere innhold av vinylkloridoksid. Dersom det ikke er mulig \u00e5 erstatte produkter som inneholder vinylklorid, b\u00f8r eksponeringen for vinylklorid reduseres ved hjelp av tekniske tiltak, f.eks. lukkede systemer. Dersom dette ikke er mulig, m\u00e5 det installeres gnistsikre ventilasjonssystemer og det m\u00e5 v\u00e6re \u00f8yevask og n\u00f8ddusj tilgjengelig dersom det foreligger fare for kontakt eller sprut. Utf\u00f8r regelmessige representative eksponeringsm\u00e5linger slik at man vet n\u00e5r og hvor tiltak b\u00f8r iverksettes. <\/p>\n

S\u00f8rg for at arbeidstakerne hele tiden er klar over virkningene av eksponering, og oppfordre dem til \u00e5 melde fra om tidlige symptomer. I tillegg b\u00f8r arbeidstakerne f\u00e5 oppl\u00e6ring i farer, sikre arbeidsrutiner og effektive hygienetiltak. Personlig verneutstyr (PVU) b\u00f8r kun brukes som en siste utvei, etter at mulige tekniske l\u00f8sninger er innf\u00f8rt. PVU omfatter vernebriller, kjemikaliebestandig bekledning og hansker (kjemikaliebestandige eller isolerte) samt \u00e5ndedrettsvern. <\/p>\n

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