{"id":80975,"date":"2024-01-04T09:27:50","date_gmt":"2024-01-04T09:27:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/fact\/orto-toluidyna\/"},"modified":"2026-06-30T13:05:17","modified_gmt":"2026-06-30T13:05:17","slug":"orto-toluidyna","status":"publish","type":"fact","link":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/pl\/fact\/orto-toluidyna\/","title":{"rendered":"orto-toluidyna"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nie s\u0105 dost\u0119pne szacunki dotycz\u0105ce aktualnej liczby pracownik\u00f3w nara\u017conych na dzia\u0142anie orto-toluidyny (o-toluidyny) w UE. W 2011 r., na podstawie danych z lat 2006\/2007, oszacowano, \u017ce nara\u017conych by\u0142o 5 500 pracownik\u00f3w, z czego 3 100 zatrudnionych by\u0142o w produkcji chemikali\u00f3w i wyrob\u00f3w chemicznych lub w produkcji wyrob\u00f3w gumowych. <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Exposure occurs mainly through inhalation and skin absorption; direct skin contact is not necessary. Ingestion and eye contact can also lead to absorption. <\/p>\n

Orto-toluidyna zosta\u0142a sklasyfikowana jako pozycja zharmonizowana zgodnie z Rozporz\u0105dzeniem CLP w kategorii karcinogenno\u015bci 1B (domniemany potencja\u0142 karcinogenny dla ludzi oparty g\u0142\u00f3wnie na dowodach uzyskanych w badaniach na zwierz\u0119tach do\u015bwiadczalnych). U ludzi orto-toluidyna mo\u017ce powodowa\u0107 raka p\u0119cherza moczowego. Wch\u0142anianie przez sk\u00f3r\u0119 mo\u017ce przyczynia\u0107 si\u0119 do og\u00f3lnego obci\u0105\u017cenia organizmu. <\/p>\n

Gdzie wyst\u0119puj\u0105 zagro\u017cenia<\/h2>\n

W przesz\u0142o\u015bci exposure to orto-toluidyna by\u0142a znacznie wi\u0119ksza, ale nadal mo\u017ce wyst\u0119powa\u0107 w wielu \u015brodowiskach pracy, zw\u0142aszcza w przemy\u015ble chemicznym podczas produkcji, przetwarzania, pobierania pr\u00f3bek lub transportu orto-toluidyny, a tak\u017ce podczas jej stosowania jako p\u00f3\u0142produktu, szczeg\u00f3lnie w produkcji barwnik\u00f3w oraz \u015brodk\u00f3w ochrony ro\u015blin. Inne sytuacje exposure mog\u0105 wynika\u0107 z uwalniania si\u0119 tej substancji z barwnik\u00f3w azowych lub barwnik\u00f3w stosowanych w tekstyliach, farbach drukarskich, tworzywach sztucznych, smarach i produktach na bazie olej\u00f3w mineralnych; z uwalniania si\u0119 z dodatk\u00f3w podczas proces\u00f3w termicznych, takich jak wulkanizacja; z termicznego rozk\u0142adu spoiw organicznych, zw\u0142aszcza w procesach odlewniczych; z obchodzenia si\u0119 z materia\u0142ami zawieraj\u0105cymi smo\u0142\u0119 w\u0119glow\u0105 lub ich podgrzewania; a tak\u017ce z dzia\u0142alno\u015bci laboratoryjnej i badawczej. <\/p>\n

Wi\u0119cej informacji o substancji<\/h2>\n

Orto-toluidyna jest wytwarzana przemys\u0142owo w drodze nitrowania toluenu, w wyniku czego powstaje mieszanina nitrotoluen\u00f3w; jest to najwa\u017cniejsza z trzech izomer\u00f3w toluidyny. Jest to bezbarwna ciecz, cho\u0107 pr\u00f3bki dost\u0119pne w handlu cz\u0119sto maj\u0105 \u017c\u00f3\u0142tawy odcie\u0144. Orto-toluidyna jest produktem po\u015brednim w biodegradacji o-nitrotoluenu, dlatego wykrywa si\u0119 j\u0105 na terenach dawnych sk\u0142ad\u00f3w amunicji. Orto-toluidyna powstaje podczas pirolizy.
\nNie s\u0105 znane \u017cadne bezpo\u015brednie zastosowania orto-toluidyny w produktach konsumenckich, poniewa\u017c jej stosowanie w kosmetykach jest zabronione na mocy unijnego rozporz\u0105dzenia w sprawie kosmetyk\u00f3w. W UE nie zezwala si\u0119 na stosowanie barwnik\u00f3w azowych, kt\u00f3re podczas rozk\u0142adu uwalniaj\u0105 orto-toluidyn\u0119, w tekstyliach i innych artyku\u0142ach konsumpcyjnych. W zwi\u0105zku z tym exposure konsument\u00f3w i \u015brodowiska wynikaj\u0105ce z uwalniania tej substancji z produkt\u00f3w konsumpcyjnych wydaje si\u0119 by\u0107 znikome. <\/p>\n

W przypadku orto-toluidyny obowi\u0105zuje w ca\u0142ej Unii Europejskiej wi\u0105\u017c\u0105ca warto\u015b\u0107 graniczna exposure wynosz\u0105ca 0,5 mg\/m\u00b3 w powietrzu.<\/p>\n

Potencjalne zagro\u017cenia dla zdrowia<\/h2>\n

orto-toluidyna jest dobrze wch\u0142aniana po inhalacji oraz przez sk\u00f3r\u0119. Doustne exposure nie ma znaczenia w miejscu pracy.
\nNie ma doniesie\u0144 dotycz\u0105cych skutk\u00f3w ostrego nara\u017cenia, jednak na podstawie danych z bada\u0144 na zwierz\u0119tach zak\u0142ada si\u0119 ostre dzia\u0142anie dra\u017cni\u0105ce na oczy i sk\u00f3r\u0119. <\/p>\n

Rak p\u0119cherza moczowego jest uznawany za istotny skutek zdrowotny u ludzi. W niekt\u00f3rych pa\u0144stwach cz\u0142onkowskich jest to uznana choroba zawodowa zwi\u0105zana z przesz\u0142ym nara\u017ceniem na orto-toluidyn\u0119. <\/p>\n

Okres utajenia mi\u0119dzy exposure a wyst\u0105pieniem raka p\u0119cherza moczowego zwi\u0105zanego z orto-toluidyn\u0105 jest bardzo zr\u00f3\u017cnicowany, ale zazwyczaj przyjmuje si\u0119, \u017ce wynosi od 15 do 40 lat.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Co mo\u017cesz zrobi\u0107<\/h2>\n

In applications where it is possible, substitution should be considered. To avoid adverse health effects, it is extremely important to reduce exposure below the binding occupational exposure limit value or the health-based limit value. In industrial processes, examples of technical control measures include closed systems, general ventilation, and local ventilation. Nawet podczas pracy z systemami zamkni\u0119tymi mo\u017ce doj\u015b\u0107 do exposure, np. podczas pobierania pr\u00f3bek lub prac konserwacyjnych. W takich sytuacjach istotne znaczenie maj\u0105 pomiary i \u015brodki kontroli. Inne zalecane praktyki robocze obejmuj\u0105 przekazywanie pracownikom informacji o zagro\u017ceniach oraz szkolenia, a tak\u017ce przestrzeganie og\u00f3lnych standard\u00f3w higieny pracy w obszarach, w kt\u00f3rych obchodzi si\u0119 z substancjami chemicznymi. Pracownicy zajmuj\u0105cy si\u0119 konserwacj\u0105 i sprz\u0105taniem r\u00f3wnie\u017c powinni zosta\u0107 przeszkoleni. Zaleca si\u0119 zaanga\u017cowanie lekarza medycyny pracy. Nale\u017cy pami\u0119ta\u0107, \u017ce ocen\u0119 nara\u017cenia nale\u017cy poprze\u0107 biomonitoringiem, je\u015bli jest to przewidziane w przepisach krajowych, poniewa\u017c orto-toluidyna jest dobrze wch\u0142aniana przez sk\u00f3r\u0119. Pracownicy musz\u0105 by\u0107 \u015bwiadomi skutk\u00f3w nara\u017cenia. \u015arodki ochrony indywidualnej powinny by\u0107 stosowane wy\u0142\u0105cznie w ostateczno\u015bci, po wdro\u017ceniu mo\u017cliwych rozwi\u0105za\u0144 technicznych. <\/p>\n

\u0179r\u00f3d\u0142a: ECHA, IOM, SCOEL<\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","carcinogens":[3776],"class_list":["post-80975","fact","type-fact","status-publish","hentry","carcinogens-o-toluidyna"],"yoast_head":"\norto-toluidyna - STOP carcinogens at work<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Be aware of what you work with! We collected all the important information these causing substances in easy-to-understand factsheets.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/pl\/fact\/orto-toluidyna\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pl_PL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"orto-toluidyna\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Be aware of what you work with! 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