{"id":42500,"date":"2024-01-04T09:27:50","date_gmt":"2024-01-04T09:27:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/fact\/o-toluidina\/"},"modified":"2026-06-30T13:07:25","modified_gmt":"2026-06-30T13:07:25","slug":"o-toluidina","status":"publish","type":"fact","link":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/pt-pt\/fact\/o-toluidina\/","title":{"rendered":"o-Toluidina"},"content":{"rendered":"

N\u00e3o h\u00e1 estimativas dispon\u00edveis sobre o n\u00famero atual de trabalhadores expostos \u00e0 orto-toluidina (o-Toluidina) na UE. Em 2011, com base em dados de 2006\/2007, estimava-se que 5 500 trabalhadores estivessem expostos, dos quais 3 100 trabalhavam na Fabrica\u00e7\u00e3o de qu\u00edmicos e produtos qu\u00edmicos, na Manufacture of man-made fibres ou na Manufacture of rubber products. <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

The exposure occurs mainly through inhalation and skin absorption; direct skin contact is not necessary. Absorption through ingestion and contact with the eyes also occurs. <\/p>\n

A o-Toluidina est\u00e1 classificada como uma entrada harmonizada ao abrigo do Regulamento CRE na Categoria 1B de carcinogenicidade (potencial agente cancer\u00edgeno presumido para os seres humanos, com base principalmente em evid\u00eancias obtidas em animais de laborat\u00f3rio). Nos seres humanos, a o-Toluidina pode causar cancro da bexiga. A penetra\u00e7\u00e3o atrav\u00e9s da pele pode contribuir para a carga corporal global. <\/p>\n

Onde ocorrem os riscos<\/h2>\n

A exposi\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 o-Toluidina j\u00e1 foi muito maior no passado, mas ainda hoje pode ocorrer em v\u00e1rios contextos profissionais, especialmente na ind\u00fastria qu\u00edmica durante o fabrico, o processamento, a amostragem ou a transfer\u00eancia de o-Toluidina, ou na sua utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o como produto interm\u00e9dio, sobretudo na produ\u00e7\u00e3o de corantes e no fabrico de produtos fitossanit\u00e1rios. Podem ocorrer outras situa\u00e7\u00f5es de exposi\u00e7\u00e3o devido \u00e0 liberta\u00e7\u00e3o de corantes azoicos ou corantes utilizados em t\u00eaxteis, tintas de impress\u00e3o, pl\u00e1sticos, lubrificantes e produtos \u00e0 base de \u00f3leos minerais; \u00e0 liberta\u00e7\u00e3o de aditivos durante processos t\u00e9rmicos, como a vulcaniza\u00e7\u00e3o; \u00e0 decomposi\u00e7\u00e3o t\u00e9rmica de ligantes org\u00e2nicos, especialmente em processos de fundi\u00e7\u00e3o; ao manuseamento ou aquecimento de materiais que contenham alcatr\u00e3o de carv\u00e3o; e a atividades laboratoriais e de investiga\u00e7\u00e3o. <\/p>\n

Mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es sobre a subst\u00e2ncia<\/h2>\n

A o-Toluidina \u00e9 produzida industrialmente por nitra\u00e7\u00e3o do Tolueno, dando origem a uma mistura de nitrotoluenos; \u00e9 a mais importante das tr\u00eas toluidinas isom\u00e9ricas. \u00c9 um l\u00edquido incolor, embora as amostras comerciais sejam frequentemente amareladas. A o-Toluidina \u00e9 um produto interm\u00e9dio na biodegrada\u00e7\u00e3o do o-nitrotolueno e, por isso, \u00e9 detetada em antigas instala\u00e7\u00f5es de muni\u00e7\u00f5es. A o-Toluidina forma-se durante a pir\u00f3lise.
\nN\u00e3o se conhece qualquer utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o direta pela popula\u00e7\u00e3o da o-Toluidina, uma vez que a sua utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o em cosm\u00e9ticos \u00e9 proibida pelo Regulamento da UE relativo aos cosm\u00e9ticos. The use of azo dyes that release o-Toluidina during degradation is not permitted in textiles and other consumer articles in the EU. Therefore, the exposure of consumers and the environment due to releases from consumer products seems to be insignificant. <\/p>\n

No que diz respeito \u00e0 o-Toluidina, est\u00e1 em vigor um valor-limite de exposi\u00e7\u00e3o profissional vinculativo a n\u00edvel da UE de 0,5 mg\/m\u00b3 no ar.<\/p>\n

Riscos para a sa\u00fade que podem surgir<\/h2>\n

A o-Toluidina \u00e9 bem absorvida por inala\u00e7\u00e3o e pela pele. A exposi\u00e7\u00e3o oral n\u00e3o \u00e9 relevante no local de trabalho.
\nN\u00e3o h\u00e1 relatos sobre efeitos decorrentes da exposi\u00e7\u00e3o aguda, mas, com base em dados de experi\u00eancias com animais, presume-se que haja um efeito irritante agudo nos olhos e na pele. <\/p>\n

O cancro da bexiga \u00e9 considerado o efeito relevante para a sa\u00fade nos seres humanos. Em alguns Estados-Membros, esta \u00e9 uma doen\u00e7a profissional reconhecida, associada \u00e0 exposi\u00e7\u00e3o anterior \u00e0 o-Toluidina. <\/p>\n

O per\u00edodo de lat\u00eancia entre a exposi\u00e7\u00e3o e o aparecimento do cancro da bexiga associado \u00e0 o-Toluidina varia bastante, mas costuma ser considerado entre 15 e 40 anos.<\/strong><\/p>\n

O que podes fazer<\/h2>\n

A substitui\u00e7\u00e3o deve ser considerada nas aplica\u00e7\u00f5es em que for vi\u00e1vel. Para evitar efeitos adversos na sa\u00fade, \u00e9 da maior import\u00e2ncia reduzir a exposi\u00e7\u00e3o para valores inferiores ao limite de exposi\u00e7\u00e3o profissional vinculativo ou ao valor-limite baseado na sa\u00fade. Nos processos industriais, exemplos de medidas de controlo t\u00e9cnico s\u00e3o os sistemas fechados, a ventila\u00e7\u00e3o geral e a ventila\u00e7\u00e3o local. Mesmo quando se trabalha com sistemas fechados, pode ocorrer exposi\u00e7\u00e3o, por exemplo, durante tarefas de amostragem ou manuten\u00e7\u00e3o. Nesses casos, as medi\u00e7\u00f5es e as medidas de controlo s\u00e3o importantes. Outras pr\u00e1ticas de trabalho recomendadas incluem fornecer aos trabalhadores informa\u00e7\u00f5es sobre os riscos e forma\u00e7\u00e3o, bem como normas gerais de higiene no trabalho para \u00e1reas de manuseamento de produtos qu\u00edmicos. Os trabalhadores da manuten\u00e7\u00e3o e da limpeza tamb\u00e9m devem receber forma\u00e7\u00e3o. Recomenda-se envolver um m\u00e9dico do trabalho. Tem em aten\u00e7\u00e3o que a avalia\u00e7\u00e3o da exposi\u00e7\u00e3o deve ser apoiada por biomonitoriza\u00e7\u00e3o, se aplic\u00e1vel ao abrigo da legisla\u00e7\u00e3o nacional, uma vez que a o-Toluidina \u00e9 bem absorvida pela pele. Os trabalhadores t\u00eam de estar cientes dos efeitos da exposi\u00e7\u00e3o. O equipamento de prote\u00e7\u00e3o individual s\u00f3 deve ser utilizado como \u00faltimo recurso, ap\u00f3s a implementa\u00e7\u00e3o das poss\u00edveis solu\u00e7\u00f5es de engenharia. <\/p>\n

Refer\u00eancias: ECHA, IOM, SCOEL<\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","carcinogens":[1748],"class_list":["post-42500","fact","type-fact","status-publish","hentry","carcinogens-o-toluidina"],"yoast_head":"\no-Toluidina - STOP carcinogens at work<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Be aware of what you work with! We collected all the important information these causing substances in easy-to-understand factsheets.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/pt-pt\/fact\/o-toluidina\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"o-Toluidina\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Be aware of what you work with! We collected all the important information these causing substances in easy-to-understand factsheets.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/pt-pt\/fact\/o-toluidina\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"STOP carcinogens at work\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-06-30T13:07:25+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Tempo estimado de leitura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"4 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\\\/pt-pt\\\/fact\\\/o-toluidina\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\\\/pt-pt\\\/fact\\\/o-toluidina\\\/\",\"name\":\"o-Toluidina - STOP carcinogens at work\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\\\/pt-pt\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2024-01-04T09:27:50+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-06-30T13:07:25+00:00\",\"description\":\"Be aware of what you work with! We collected all the important information these causing substances in easy-to-understand factsheets.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\\\/pt-pt\\\/fact\\\/o-toluidina\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\\\/pt-pt\\\/fact\\\/o-toluidina\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\\\/pt-pt\\\/fact\\\/o-toluidina\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\\\/pt-pt\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Facts\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\\\/pt-pt\\\/fact\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Todos os agentes cancer\u00edgenos\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\\\/pt-pt\\\/carcinogens\\\/todos-os-carinogenios\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"o-Toluidina\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\\\/pt-pt\\\/carcinogens\\\/o-toluidina\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":5,\"name\":\"o-Toluidina\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\\\/pt-pt\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\\\/pt-pt\\\/\",\"name\":\"STOP Carcinogens at work\",\"description\":\"Every year, about 100.000 people die from cancer that was caused by exposure to carcinogens at work in Europe.\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\\\/pt-pt\\\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"Roadmap on Carcinogens\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\\\/pt-pt\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\\\/pt-pt\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"TNO\",\"alternateName\":\"This is a European wide voluntary action scheme\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\\\/pt-pt\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\\\/pt-pt\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/08\\\/cropped-FavLarge-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/08\\\/cropped-FavLarge-1.png\",\"width\":512,\"height\":512,\"caption\":\"TNO\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\\\/pt-pt\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"publishingPrinciples\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\\\/homepage\\\/legal\\\/\",\"ownershipFundingInfo\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\\\/general\\\/about-us\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"o-Toluidina - STOP carcinogens at work","description":"Be aware of what you work with! We collected all the important information these causing substances in easy-to-understand factsheets.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/pt-pt\/fact\/o-toluidina\/","og_locale":"pt_PT","og_type":"article","og_title":"o-Toluidina","og_description":"Be aware of what you work with! We collected all the important information these causing substances in easy-to-understand factsheets.","og_url":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/pt-pt\/fact\/o-toluidina\/","og_site_name":"STOP carcinogens at work","article_modified_time":"2026-06-30T13:07:25+00:00","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Tempo estimado de leitura":"4 minutos"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/pt-pt\/fact\/o-toluidina\/","url":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/pt-pt\/fact\/o-toluidina\/","name":"o-Toluidina - STOP carcinogens at work","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/pt-pt\/#website"},"datePublished":"2024-01-04T09:27:50+00:00","dateModified":"2026-06-30T13:07:25+00:00","description":"Be aware of what you work with! We collected all the important information these causing substances in easy-to-understand factsheets.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/pt-pt\/fact\/o-toluidina\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"pt-PT","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/pt-pt\/fact\/o-toluidina\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/pt-pt\/fact\/o-toluidina\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/pt-pt\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Facts","item":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/pt-pt\/fact\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Todos os agentes cancer\u00edgenos","item":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/pt-pt\/carcinogens\/todos-os-carinogenios\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"o-Toluidina","item":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/pt-pt\/carcinogens\/o-toluidina\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":5,"name":"o-Toluidina"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/pt-pt\/#website","url":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/pt-pt\/","name":"STOP Carcinogens at work","description":"Every year, about 100.000 people die from cancer that was caused by exposure to carcinogens at work in Europe.","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/pt-pt\/#organization"},"alternateName":"Roadmap on Carcinogens","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/pt-pt\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"pt-PT"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/pt-pt\/#organization","name":"TNO","alternateName":"This is a European wide voluntary action scheme","url":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/pt-pt\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"pt-PT","@id":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/pt-pt\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/cropped-FavLarge-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/cropped-FavLarge-1.png","width":512,"height":512,"caption":"TNO"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/pt-pt\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"publishingPrinciples":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/homepage\/legal\/","ownershipFundingInfo":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/general\/about-us\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/fact\/42500","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/fact"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/fact"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=42500"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"carcinogens","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/carcinogens?post=42500"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}