{"id":106523,"date":"2026-06-29T10:02:28","date_gmt":"2026-06-29T10:02:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/fact\/12-dichlorpropan\/"},"modified":"2026-06-29T10:02:28","modified_gmt":"2026-06-29T10:02:28","slug":"12-dichlorpropan","status":"publish","type":"fact","link":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/sk\/fact\/12-dichlorpropan\/","title":{"rendered":"1,2-dichl\u00f3rprop\u00e1n"},"content":{"rendered":"

V E\u00da nie s\u00fa k dispoz\u00edcii \u017eiadne odhady s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e9ho po\u010dtu pracovn\u00edkov vystaven\u00fdch p\u00f4sobeniu 1,2-dichl\u00f3rprop\u00e1nu (1,2-DPC). Za prim\u00e1rnu cestu expoz\u00edcie sa pova\u017euje vdychovanie, hoci pracovn\u00edci m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 vystaven\u00ed p\u00f4sobeniu tejto l\u00e1tky aj prostredn\u00edctvom ko\u017en\u00e9ho kontaktu. <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

1,2-DPC je zaraden\u00fd do kateg\u00f3rie karcinog\u00e9nov 1B (pod\u013ea nariadenia CLP (Klasifik\u00e1cia, ozna\u010dovanie a balenie)), \u010do znamen\u00e1, \u017ee na z\u00e1klade v\u00fdsledkov \u0161t\u00fadi\u00ed na zvierat\u00e1ch sa predpoklad\u00e1, \u017ee m\u00e1 karcinog\u00e9nny potenci\u00e1l pre \u013eud\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Medzi toxick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky patrili po\u0161kodenie pe\u010dene a obli\u010diek, intravaskul\u00e1rna koagul\u00e1cia, hemolytick\u00e1 an\u00e9mia a r\u00f4zne pr\u00edznaky postihuj\u00face centr\u00e1lny nervov\u00fd syst\u00e9m.<\/p>\n

Kde sa vyskytuj\u00fa rizik\u00e1<\/h2>\n

1,2-DCP je ved\u013eaj\u0161\u00ed produkt, ktor\u00fd vznik\u00e1 vo ve\u013ek\u00fdch mno\u017estv\u00e1ch po\u010das v\u00fdroby propyl\u00e9noxidu chlorhydr\u00ednov\u00fdm procesom na v\u00fdrobu Epichl\u00f3rhydr\u00ednu. V minulosti sa 1,2-DCP pou\u017e\u00edval ako fumigant p\u00f4dy, chemick\u00fd medziprodukt, ako aj priemyseln\u00e9 rozp\u00fa\u0161\u0165adlo. Nach\u00e1dzal sa v odstra\u0148ova\u010doch farieb, lakoch a prostriedkoch na odstra\u0148ovanie povrchov\u00fdch \u00faprav n\u00e1bytku. Ako fumigant p\u00f4dy sa u\u017e nepou\u017e\u00edva. <\/p>\n

V s\u00fa\u010dasnosti sa pou\u017e\u00edva hlavne ako medziprodukt pri v\u00fdrobe perchl\u00f3retyl\u00e9nu a in\u00fdch chl\u00f3rovan\u00fdch chemik\u00e1li\u00ed.
\nVo v\u0161eobecnosti sa zd\u00e1, \u017ee expoz\u00edcia na pracovisku je obmedzen\u00e1, ke\u010f\u017ee sa s l\u00e1tkou manipuluje za pr\u00edsne kontrolovan\u00fdch podmienok. K expoz\u00edcii m\u00f4\u017ee d\u00f4js\u0165 hlavne pri ru\u010dnej \u00fadr\u017ebe alebo \u010disten\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Viac o l\u00e1tke<\/h2>\n

V \u010distej forme je 1,2-DPC bezfarebn\u00e1, hor\u013eav\u00e1, tekut\u00e1 l\u00e1tka s v\u00f4\u0148ou podobnou chloroformu. Je mie\u0161ate\u013en\u00e1 s v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou organick\u00fdch rozp\u00fa\u0161\u0165adiel, ako s\u00fa alkoholy, estery a ket\u00f3ny, ako aj s aromatick\u00fdmi, alifatick\u00fdmi a chl\u00f3rovan\u00fdmi uh\u013eovod\u00edkmi.
\nV s\u00fa\u010dasnosti sa pripravuje z\u00e1v\u00e4zn\u00e1 limitn\u00e1 hodnota expoz\u00edcie na pracovisku platn\u00e1 v celej E\u00da. <\/p>\n

Nebezpe\u010denstv\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 sa m\u00f4\u017eu vyskytn\u00fa\u0165<\/h2>\n

Kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e1 expoz\u00edcia \u013eud\u00ed l\u00e1tke 1,2-DCP m\u00f4\u017ee sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 podr\u00e1\u017edenie, ako aj poruchy funkcie pe\u010dene a obli\u010diek v d\u00f4sledku peror\u00e1lnej a derm\u00e1lnej absorpcie. Pri ve\u013emi vysok\u00fdch koncentr\u00e1ci\u00e1ch boli hl\u00e1sen\u00e9 pr\u00edpady \u00fatlmu centr\u00e1lneho nervov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu.
\nV pr\u00edpade dlhodobej expoz\u00edcie je najkritickej\u0161\u00edm \u00fa\u010dinkom u \u013eud\u00ed karcinog\u00e9nnos\u0165, konkr\u00e9tne v\u00fdskyt n\u00e1dorov \u017el\u010dovodov (cholangiokarcin\u00f3m). <\/p>\n

\u010co m\u00f4\u017eete urobi\u0165<\/h2>\n

Na pracovisku je naj\u00fa\u010dinnej\u0161\u00edm sp\u00f4sobom prevencie expoz\u00edcie nahradenie 1,2-DCP. Ak nahradenie nie je mo\u017en\u00e9 a pou\u017e\u00edvaniu 1,2-DCP sa ned\u00e1 vyhn\u00fa\u0165, je potrebn\u00e9 prija\u0165 opatrenia na zn\u00ed\u017eenie expoz\u00edcie.
\nNaj\u00fa\u010dinnej\u0161\u00edm sp\u00f4sobom, ako sa vyhn\u00fa\u0165 expoz\u00edcii 1,2-DCP, je vyvin\u00fa\u0165 a pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 uzavret\u00e9 syst\u00e9my. Ak to nie je mo\u017en\u00e9, mali by sa zavies\u0165 technick\u00e9 opatrenia, ako je \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 miestne ods\u00e1vanie doplnen\u00e9 dobr\u00fdm celkov\u00fdm vetran\u00edm pracoviska a pravideln\u00fdmi kontrolami ich \u00fa\u010dinnosti, aby sa zabezpe\u010dilo, \u017ee expoz\u00edcia bude minimalizovan\u00e1 v maxim\u00e1lnej mo\u017enej miere z technick\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska <\/p>\n

Cel\u00e1 v\u00fdroba 1,2-DPC prebieha v uzavret\u00fdch syst\u00e9moch. K expoz\u00edcii doch\u00e1dza vtedy, ke\u010f sa tieto uzavret\u00e9 syst\u00e9my otvoria v r\u00e1mci be\u017enej \u00fadr\u017eby, kontrol alebo \u010distenia. V tak\u00fdchto pr\u00edpadoch je potrebn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 technick\u00e9 opatrenia a osobn\u00e9 ochrann\u00e9 prostriedky, vr\u00e1tane prostriedkov na ochranu d\u00fdchac\u00edch ciest. <\/p>\n

Zav\u00e1dzajte opatrenia na zabezpe\u010denie riadnej v\u0161eobecnej hygieny na pracovisku prostredn\u00edctvom pravideln\u00e9ho upratovania a hygienick\u00e9ho skladovania. Po po\u010diato\u010dnom meran\u00ed expoz\u00edcie na \u00fa\u010dely Pos\u00fadenia rizika vykon\u00e1vajte pravideln\u00e9 posudzovania expoz\u00edcie, aby ste overili, \u010di s\u00fa zaveden\u00e9 technick\u00e9 opatrenia \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9, alebo \u010di je potrebn\u00e9 prija\u0165 \u010fal\u0161ie kroky. D\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdmi opatreniami na zn\u00ed\u017eenie expoz\u00edcie s\u00fa pr\u00edsne obmedzenie \u010dasu, ktor\u00fd pracovn\u00edci tr\u00e1via v exponovanom pracovnom prostred\u00ed (napr. prostredn\u00edctvom pracovn\u00fdch zmien), a obmedzenie pr\u00edstupu na tieto pracovisk\u00e1. Pracovn\u00edci musia by\u0165 informovan\u00ed o mo\u017en\u00fdch rizik\u00e1ch spojen\u00fdch s \u00falohami, pri ktor\u00fdch sa pou\u017e\u00edva 1,2-DPC, a zamestn\u00e1vatelia ich musia pravidelne \u0161kol\u00ed\u0165 a pou\u010dova\u0165 o tom, ako bezpe\u010dne pracova\u0165 s 1,2-DPC. <\/p>\n

Pre pracovn\u00edkov vystaven\u00fdch p\u00f4sobeniu nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch l\u00e1tok je povinn\u00e9 lek\u00e1rske sledovanie zdravotn\u00e9ho stavu, a preto by mali by\u0165 povzbudzovan\u00ed k hl\u00e1seniu prv\u00fdch pr\u00edznakov, ako s\u00fa d\u00fdchacie \u0165a\u017ekosti alebo ko\u017en\u00e9 alergie.
\nOkrem toho je potrebn\u00e9 pracovn\u00edkov pou\u010di\u0165 o d\u00f4le\u017eitosti d\u00f4slednej osobnej hygieny. Je potrebn\u00e9 zabezpe\u010di\u0165 primeran\u00e9 um\u00fdvacie a toaletn\u00e9 zariadenia a poskytn\u00fa\u0165 pracovn\u00edkom dostatok \u010dasu na vykonanie hygienick\u00fdch opatren\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Zabezpe\u010dte, aby mali pracovn\u00edci k dispoz\u00edcii primeran\u00e9 prostriedky osobnej ochrany, ako napr\u00edklad ochrann\u00e9 oble\u010denie a rukavice, ak je to potrebn\u00e9. Prostriedky osobnej ochrany by sa mali pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 iba ako posledn\u00e1 mo\u017enos\u0165 a mali by sa pova\u017eova\u0165 len za do\u010dasn\u00e9 rie\u0161enie, a to a\u017e po vy\u010derpan\u00ed v\u0161etk\u00fdch mo\u017en\u00fdch technick\u00fdch a organiza\u010dn\u00fdch rie\u0161en\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Zdroje: ECHA, ATSDR 2021<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","carcinogens":[8637],"class_list":["post-106523","fact","type-fact","status-publish","hentry","carcinogens-12-dichlorpropan"],"yoast_head":"\n1,2-dichl\u00f3rprop\u00e1n - %<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Be aware of what you work with! We collected all the important information these causing substances in easy-to-understand factsheets.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/sk\/fact\/12-dichlorpropan\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"1,2-dichl\u00f3rprop\u00e1n\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Be aware of what you work with! 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