{"id":94736,"date":"2023-08-29T10:09:19","date_gmt":"2023-08-29T10:09:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/fact\/trichloretylen\/"},"modified":"2026-10-22T09:22:58","modified_gmt":"2026-10-22T09:22:58","slug":"trichloretylen","status":"publish","type":"fact","link":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/sk\/fact\/trichloretylen\/","title":{"rendered":"Trichl\u00f3ret\u00e9n"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote><p>Odhady s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e9ho po\u010dtu pracovn\u00edkov vystaven\u00fdch trichl\u00f3ret\u00e9nu (TCE) v E\u00da nie s\u00fa k dispoz\u00edcii. V roku 1990 sa odhadovalo, \u017ee TCE bolo vystaven\u00fdch 276 000 pracovn\u00edkov, hoci odvtedy sa pou\u017e\u00edvanie v\u00fdrazne zn\u00ed\u017eilo. <\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Ak s\u00fa pracovn\u00edci vystaven\u00ed TCE, doch\u00e1dza k tomu predov\u0161etk\u00fdm vdychovan\u00edm v\u00fdparov a kontaktom poko\u017eky s v\u00fdparmi alebo kvapalinou. Agent\u00fara IARC klasifikuje t\u00fato l\u00e1tku ako skupinu 1, \u010do znamen\u00e1, \u017ee je karcinog\u00e9nna pre \u013eud\u00ed. Pod\u013ea nariadenia CLP (Klasifik\u00e1cia, ozna\u010dovanie a balenie) je TCE klasifikovan\u00fd ako karcinog\u00e9n kateg\u00f3rie 1B, \u010do znamen\u00e1, \u017ee l\u00e1tka m\u00f4\u017ee u \u013eud\u00ed sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 rakovinu. Trichl\u00f3ret\u00e9n sp\u00f4sobuje u \u013eud\u00ed rakovinu obli\u010diek a pe\u010dene. L\u00e1tka je pravdepodobne mutag\u00e9nna a m\u00f4\u017ee sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 nehodgkinov lymf\u00f3m.    <\/p>\n<h2>Kde vznikaj\u00fa rizik\u00e1<\/h2>\n<p>K v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ine expoz\u00edci\u00ed TCE doch\u00e1dza v priemyseln\u00fdch odvetviach vyr\u00e1baj\u00facich kovov\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky, stroje a dopravn\u00e9 zariadenia. V E\u00da je pou\u017e\u00edvanie TCE povolen\u00e9 len na povolen\u00e9 pou\u017eitie alebo ako medziprodukt. V\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou sa pou\u017e\u00edva ako rozp\u00fa\u0161\u0165adlo na odstra\u0148ovanie mastnoty z kovov\u00fdch \u010dast\u00ed. V d\u00f4sledku pr\u00e1vnych predpisov sa celkov\u00fd objem TCE pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd v E\u00da v posledn\u00fdch desa\u0165ro\u010diach v\u00fdrazne zn\u00ed\u017eil.   <\/p>\n<h2>Viac o l\u00e1tke<\/h2>\n<p>TCE je halog\u00e9novan\u00fd alk\u00e9n, ktor\u00fd sa pri izbovej teplote vyskytuje ako \u010d\u00edra, bezfarebn\u00e1 alebo modr\u00e1 vo\u013ene te\u010d\u00faca kvapalina s pr\u00edjemnou a sladkou v\u00f4\u0148ou. Je slabo rozpustn\u00fd vo vode, rozpustn\u00fd v etanole, acet\u00f3ne, dietyl\u00e9teri a chloroforme a mie\u0161ate\u013en\u00fd v oleji. Je relat\u00edvne stabiln\u00fd, ak je inhibovan\u00fd, ale slne\u010dn\u00e9 svetlo, teplo, vzduch alebo kysl\u00edk a vlhkos\u0165 m\u00f4\u017eu ur\u00fdchli\u0165 reakciu na nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 produkty rozkladu.<\/p>\n<p>V platnosti je z\u00e1v\u00e4zn\u00e1 limitn\u00e1 hodnota expoz\u00edcie na pracovisku v r\u00e1mci E\u00da vo v\u00fd\u0161ke 54,7 mg\/m\u00b3.<\/p>\n<h2>Nebezpe\u010denstv\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 sa m\u00f4\u017eu vyskytn\u00fa\u0165<\/h2>\n<p>Pri vdychovan\u00ed m\u00f4\u017ee TCE podr\u00e1\u017edi\u0165 nos, o\u010di a hrdlo a po\u0161kodi\u0165 nervov\u00fd syst\u00e9m. Pr\u00edznaky m\u00f4\u017eu zah\u0155\u0148a\u0165 boles\u0165 hlavy, nevo\u013enos\u0165, z\u00e1vraty, ospalos\u0165 a zm\u00e4tenos\u0165. Siln\u00e1 expoz\u00edcia m\u00f4\u017ee sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 aj bezvedomie. Pri kontakte s poko\u017ekou m\u00f4\u017ee sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 boles\u0165, za\u010dervenanie a opuch poko\u017eky. Dlhodob\u00e1 expoz\u00edcia m\u00f4\u017ee sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 rakovinu obli\u010diek a rakovinu pe\u010dene.    <\/p>\n<p><strong>Doba latencie medzi expoz\u00edciou a rakovinou s\u00favisiacou s TCE sa pohybuje od 18 do 34 rokov.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>\u010co m\u00f4\u017eete urobi\u0165<\/h2>\n<p>Naj\u00fa\u010dinnej\u0161\u00edm sp\u00f4sobom, ako zabr\u00e1ni\u0165 expoz\u00edcii, je nahradi\u0165 ho alternat\u00edvou bez obsahu TCE alebo s ni\u017e\u0161ou koncentr\u00e1ciou TCE. Tieto n\u00e1hrady s\u00fa v\u0161eobecne dostupn\u00e9 a musia sa pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165. Ak nie je mo\u017en\u00e9 nahradi\u0165 v\u00fdrobky obsahuj\u00face TCE a po podan\u00ed \u017eiadosti o autoriz\u00e1ciu je povolen\u00e9 ich \u010fal\u0161ie pou\u017e\u00edvanie, expoz\u00edcia TCE by sa mala zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 prostredn\u00edctvom technick\u00fdch opatren\u00ed, ako s\u00fa uzavret\u00e9 syst\u00e9my alebo vetranie. Pravidelne vykon\u00e1vajte reprezentat\u00edvne merania expoz\u00edcie, aby bolo zn\u00e1me, kedy je potrebn\u00e9 prija\u0165 opatrenia. Neust\u00e1le informujte pracovn\u00edkov o \u00fa\u010dinkoch expoz\u00edcie a nab\u00e1dajte ich, aby v\u010das hl\u00e1sili prv\u00e9 pr\u00edznaky.    <\/p>\n<p>Okrem toho za\u0161ko\u013eujte pracovn\u00edkov o nebezpe\u010denstv\u00e1ch, bezpe\u010dn\u00fdch pracovn\u00fdch postupoch a \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdch hygienick\u00fdch opatreniach. Dopl\u0148te to osobnou ochranou (OOPP), ak uskuto\u010dnite\u013en\u00e9 opatrenia neposta\u010duj\u00fa na zn\u00ed\u017eenie expoz\u00edci\u00ed pod expozi\u010dn\u00e9 limity. OOPP m\u00f4\u017eu zah\u0155\u0148a\u0165 ochrann\u00e9 okuliare a ochrann\u00fd odev, napr. rukavice, z\u00e1stery a obuv. Ke\u010f\u017ee k po\u017eitiu TCE m\u00f4\u017ee d\u00f4js\u0165 v d\u00f4sledku kontamin\u00e1cie poko\u017eky, malo by sa v \u010do najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ej miere zabr\u00e1ni\u0165 kontaktu s poko\u017ekou.     <\/p>\n<p><em>Referencie IARC, CCOHS, NIEHS, NIOSH, ES, REACH<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","carcinogens":[5744],"class_list":["post-94736","fact","type-fact","status-publish","hentry","carcinogens-trichloretylen"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.7 (Yoast SEO v28.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Trichl\u00f3ret\u00e9n - STOP karcinog\u00e9ny v pr\u00e1ci<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"V roku 1990 sa odhadovalo, \u017ee TCE bolo vystaven\u00fdch 276 000 pracovn\u00edkov, hoci odvtedy sa jeho pou\u017e\u00edvanie v\u00fdrazne zn\u00ed\u017eilo.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/sk\/fact\/trichloretylen\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Trichl\u00f3ret\u00e9n\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"V roku 1990 sa odhadovalo, \u017ee TCE bolo vystaven\u00fdch 276 000 pracovn\u00edkov, hoci odvtedy sa jeho pou\u017e\u00edvanie v\u00fdrazne zn\u00ed\u017eilo.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/sk\/fact\/trichloretylen\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"STOP karcinog\u00e9ny v pr\u00e1ci\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-10-22T09:22:58+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Odhadovan\u00fd \u010das \u010d\u00edtania \" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"3 min\u00faty\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\\\/sk\\\/fact\\\/trichloretylen\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\\\/sk\\\/fact\\\/trichloretylen\\\/\",\"name\":\"Trichl\u00f3ret\u00e9n - 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