{"id":94742,"date":"2023-08-29T10:09:22","date_gmt":"2023-08-29T10:09:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/fact\/abrazia-proces\/"},"modified":"2026-06-30T13:27:06","modified_gmt":"2026-06-30T13:27:06","slug":"abrazia-proces","status":"publish","type":"fact","link":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/sk\/fact\/abrazia-proces\/","title":{"rendered":"Abr\u00e1zia (proces)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vznik karcinog\u00e9nov vznikaj\u00facich v procese pri abr\u00e1zii<\/span><\/h2>\n

V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch l\u00e1tok je ozna\u010den\u00e1 a identifikovan\u00e1, existuj\u00fa v\u0161ak aj karcinog\u00e9ny, ktor\u00e9 vznikaj\u00fa ako ved\u013eaj\u0161\u00ed produkt v priebehu pracovn\u00e9ho procesu, tzv. karcinog\u00e9ny vznikaj\u00face v procese (PGC). Ke\u010f\u017ee PGC zvy\u010dajne nie s\u00fa ozna\u010den\u00e9 a nie s\u00fa uveden\u00e9 v bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdch listoch, je potrebn\u00e9 im venova\u0165 osobitn\u00fa pozornos\u0165 v praxi v oblasti bezpe\u010dnosti a ochrany zdravia pri pr\u00e1ci, preto\u017ee mili\u00f3ny pracovn\u00edkov v Eur\u00f3pe s\u00fa im denne vystaven\u00e9. <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Jedn\u00fdm z procesov, pri ktor\u00fdch doch\u00e1dza k uvo\u013e\u0148ovaniu PGC, je abr\u00e1zia. Abr\u00e1zia je er\u00f3zia materi\u00e1lu sp\u00f4soben\u00e1 bo\u010dn\u00fdm pohybom povrchov. Pri abr\u00e1zii doch\u00e1dza k skuto\u010dn\u00e9mu po\u0161kodeniu materi\u00e1lu, \u010do v mnoh\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch vedie k uvo\u013e\u0148ovaniu abraz\u00edvneho prachu. V pracovnom prostred\u00ed vznik\u00e1 abraz\u00edvny prach napr\u00edklad pri rezan\u00ed tvrd\u00e9ho dreva alebo kovu, alebo pri v\u0155tan\u00ed do bet\u00f3nu. Abraz\u00edvny prach m\u00f4\u017ee obsahova\u0165 karcinog\u00e9nne l\u00e1tky a ak sa neuplat\u0148uj\u00fa strat\u00e9gie na jeho odstra\u0148ovanie a kontrolu, \u013eahko sa vdychuje. <\/p>\n

Ktor\u00e9 \u010dinnosti ved\u00fa k Abr\u00e1zii?<\/h2>\n

Abr\u00e1zia m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 sp\u00f4soben\u00e1 viacer\u00fdmi r\u00f4znymi procesmi, ako s\u00fa rezanie, v\u0155tanie, br\u00fasenie, tryskacie \u010distenie, hob\u013eovanie, br\u00fasenie, fr\u00e9zovanie, p\u00edlenie a drvenie materi\u00e1lu. V abraz\u00edvnom prachu, ktor\u00fd sa uvo\u013e\u0148uje po\u010das t\u00fdchto \u010dinnost\u00ed, sa m\u00f4\u017eu nach\u00e1dza\u0165 karcinog\u00e9nne l\u00e1tky, ktor\u00e9 sa n\u00e1sledne vdychuj\u00fa a m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 vplyv na zdravie. K expoz\u00edcii m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 aj zametanie prachu po \u010dinnostiach s abr\u00e1ziou. <\/p>\n

Kde vznikaj\u00fa rizik\u00e1<\/h2>\n

Medzi vystaven\u00fdch pracovn\u00edkov patria: pracovn\u00edci vykon\u00e1vaj\u00faci abraz\u00edvne tryskacie pr\u00e1ce, obsluha strojov na v\u00fdrobu teh\u00e1l, bet\u00f3nu alebo dla\u017ed\u00edc, mur\u00e1ri, pracovn\u00edci v keramickom a hrn\u010diarskom priemysle, bet\u00f3n\u00e1ri, obsluha drvi\u010dov a mlynov, obsluha br\u00fasok, obsluha lisov v drevospracuj\u00facom priemysle, obsluha s\u00fastruhov, stavebn\u00ed robotn\u00edci a stol\u00e1ri. Odvetvia, v ktor\u00fdch k expoz\u00edcii doch\u00e1dza naj\u010dastej\u0161ie, s\u00fa Stavebn\u00edctvo, n\u00e1bytk\u00e1rsky priemysel a lesn\u00edctvo a stol\u00e1rstvo. <\/p>\n

Ko\u013eko pracovn\u00edkov je vystaven\u00fdch riziku?<\/h2>\n

Najzn\u00e1mej\u0161\u00edmi karcinog\u00e9nnymi l\u00e1tkami uvo\u013e\u0148ovan\u00fdmi pri abr\u00e1zii s\u00fa d\u00fdchate\u013en\u00fd kremi\u010dit\u00fd (kreme\u0148ov\u00fd) prach a prach z tvrd\u00e9ho dreva, pri\u010dom sa odhaduje, \u017ee v E\u00da je t\u00fdmto l\u00e1tkam vystaven\u00fdch 5 mili\u00f3nov, resp. 3 mili\u00f3ny pracovn\u00edkov.<\/p>\n

Vplyv na zdravie<\/h2>\n

Ke\u010f pracovn\u00edci vdychuj\u00fa prach z tvrd\u00e9ho dreva, usadzuje sa v nose, hrdle a doln\u00fdch d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest\u00e1ch. Expoz\u00edcia na prach z tvrd\u00e9ho dreva m\u00f4\u017ee sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 ochorenia d\u00fdchac\u00edch ciest, podr\u00e1\u017edenie o\u010d\u00ed, ko\u017en\u00e9 ochorenia a v pr\u00edpade dlhodobej expoz\u00edcie aj rakovinu.
\nKe\u010f pracovn\u00edci vdychuj\u00fa kry\u0161talick\u00fd krem\u00edk, p\u013e\u00facne tkanivo reaguje tvorbou fibrotick\u00fdch uzl\u00edkov a zjazven\u00edm v okol\u00ed \u010dast\u00edc krem\u00edka. Nie je jasn\u00e9, ako presne prach z krem\u00edka sp\u00f4sobuje rakovinu p\u013e\u00fac. <\/p>\n

Podrobn\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie o vplyvoch konkr\u00e9tnych karcinog\u00e9nnych kovov a materi\u00e1lov na zdravie n\u00e1jdete v informa\u010dn\u00fdch listoch o jednotliv\u00fdch l\u00e1tkach na webovej str\u00e1nke: Prach z kremi\u010dit\u00e9ho piesku<\/a>, chr\u00f3m VI<\/a>, Prach z tvrd\u00e9ho dreva<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u010co robi\u0165?<\/h2>\n