{"id":77307,"date":"2023-08-29T10:09:16","date_gmt":"2023-08-29T10:09:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/fact\/policiklicni-aromatski-ogljikovodiki-pah\/"},"modified":"2026-09-09T11:33:33","modified_gmt":"2026-09-09T11:33:33","slug":"policiklicni-aromatski-ogljikovodiki-pah","status":"publish","type":"fact","link":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/sl\/fact\/policiklicni-aromatski-ogljikovodiki-pah\/","title":{"rendered":"policikli\u010dni aromatski ogljikovodiki (PAH)"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote><p>Ocenjuje se, da je v EU policikli\u010dnim aromatskim ogljikovodikom (PAH) izpostavljenih do 1,3 milijona zaposlenih. IARC uvr\u0161\u010da PAH v skupino 1 rakotvornih snovi, kar pomeni, da so nedvomno vzrok za nastanek raka.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u0160tevilni PAH so v skladu z uredbo o razvr\u0161\u010danju, ozna\u010devanju in pakiranju razvr\u0161\u010deni kot rakotvorne snovi kategorije 1A ali 1B, kar pomeni, da te snovi nedvomno povzro\u010dajo raka ali lahko povzro\u010dijo raka pri ljudeh. PAH lahko pogoltnemo, vdihnemo ali v nekaterih primerih prehajajo skozi ko\u017eo. Dolgotrajna exposure lahko povzro\u010di plju\u010dnega in ko\u017enega raka.<\/p>\n<h2>Kje se pojavljajo tveganja<\/h2>\n<p>Najve\u010dje tveganje za exposure PAH obstaja pri zaposlenih v panogah ali poklicih, ki uporabljajo ali proizvajajo premog ali proizvode iz premoga. Med temi zaposlenimi so delavci, ki delajo z asfaltom, delavci v premogovnem plinu, ribi\u010di (premogov katran na mre\u017eah), delavci z grafitnimi elektrodami, mehaniki (avtomobilski in dizelski motorji), cestarji (plo\u010dniki) ter delavci v proizvodnji pnevmatik in gume. Tudi ga\u0161enje po\u017earov, se\u017eiganje odpadkov, kuri\u0161\u010da, kuhanje, krematoriji, dimnikarstvo, konzerviranje lesa in sanacija tal so povezani z nenamernim nastajanjem PAH.<\/p>\n<h2>Ve\u010d o snovi<\/h2>\n<p>PAH so skupina \u0161tevilnih kemikalij, ki se naravno pojavljajo v premogu, surovi nafti in bencinu. Nastanejo tudi pri visokih temperaturah, ki so posledica nepopolnega zgorevanja ali pirolize organskih snovi, kot so premog, nafta, plin, les, smeti in tobak. PAH, ki nastajajo iz teh virov, se lahko ve\u017eejo na majhne delce v zraku ali jih tvorijo. Pri visokotemperaturnem kuhanju se PAH tvorijo v mesu in drugih \u017eivilih. Cigaretni dim vsebuje veliko PAH.<\/p>\n<h2>Nevarnosti, ki se lahko pojavijo<\/h2>\n<p>PAH imajo nizko akutno toksi\u010dnost. Akutne u\u010dinke, pripisane exposure PAH, verjetno povzro\u010dajo drugi dejavniki. Dolgotrajna poklicna exposure PAH lahko vpliva na ve\u010d telesnih sistemov. Lahko vpliva na dihalni sistem (zmanj\u0161anje plju\u010dne funkcije, bole\u010dine v prsih, dra\u017eenje dihalnih poti in plju\u010dni rak), prebavni sistem (vklju\u010dno z rakom prebavil), ko\u017eo (opekline in bradavice na delih, izpostavljenih soncu, ki se lahko razvijejo v raka) ter o\u010di (dra\u017eenje o\u010di). Lahko je tudi vzrok za druge vrste raka, kot so levkemija ter rak jeter in mehurja.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Latentno obdobje med exposure in rakom, povezanim s PAH, se razlikuje od 5 do 20 let, odvisno od razli\u010dnih vrst raka.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>Kaj lahko storite<\/h2>\n<p>Najbolj\u0161a re\u0161itev je nadzor exposure z odstranitvijo ali zamenjavo. Ker pa PAH izvirajo iz procesov zgorevanja, te snovi ni enostavno odstraniti ali zamenjati. Dim je treba \u010dim bolj zmanj\u0161ati \u010dim bli\u017eje viru s preoblikovanjem dela ter ponovnim premislekom o uporabljenih tehnikah in materialih, na primer z odsesovalnim varilnim gorilnikom. \u010ce to ne deluje, je treba emisije nadzorovati v neposredni bli\u017eini vira, na primer z uporabo sistemov lokalnega odsesavanja. Ob\u010dasno izvajajte reprezentativne meritve exposure, da bo znano, kdaj in kje je treba sprejeti nadaljnje ukrepe za zmanj\u0161anje tveganja.<\/p>\n<p>Zaposlene nenehno ozave\u0161\u010dajte o u\u010dinkih exposure in jih spodbujajte, da poro\u010dajo o zgodnjih simptomih. Osebna varovalna oprema naj se uporablja le kot zadnja mo\u017enost, potem ko so bile iz\u010drpane mo\u017ene tehni\u010dne re\u0161itve. \u010ce se uporablja, poskrbite, da je na voljo ustrezna osebna varovalna oprema. Pri PAH je mogo\u010de spremljati tudi obremenitev telesa z biomonitoringom, \u010de je to v skladu z nacionalno zakonodajo.<\/p>\n<p><em>Reference: CDC, IARC, poro\u010dilo o \u0161tudiji IA<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","carcinogens":[6407],"class_list":["post-77307","fact","type-fact","status-publish","hentry","carcinogens-policiklicni-aromatski-ogljikovodiki-pah"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.6 (Yoast SEO v28.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>policikli\u010dni aromatski ogljikovodiki (PAH) - STOP rakotvorne snovi pri delu<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ocenjuje se, da je v EU policikli\u010dnim aromatskim ogljikovodikom (PAH) izpostavljenih do 1,3 milijona zaposlenih.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/sl\/fact\/policiklicni-aromatski-ogljikovodiki-pah\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sl_SI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"policikli\u010dni aromatski ogljikovodiki (PAH)\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ocenjuje se, da je v EU policikli\u010dnim aromatskim ogljikovodikom (PAH) izpostavljenih do 1,3 milijona zaposlenih.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/sl\/fact\/policiklicni-aromatski-ogljikovodiki-pah\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"STOP rakotvorne snovi pri delu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-09-09T11:33:33+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"3 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\\\/sl\\\/fact\\\/policiklicni-aromatski-ogljikovodiki-pah\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\\\/sl\\\/fact\\\/policiklicni-aromatski-ogljikovodiki-pah\\\/\",\"name\":\"policikli\u010dni aromatski ogljikovodiki (PAH) - 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