{"id":77308,"date":"2023-08-29T10:09:11","date_gmt":"2023-08-29T10:09:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/fact\/prah-kristalnega-kremena-ki-se-vdihuje\/"},"modified":"2025-09-04T10:14:21","modified_gmt":"2025-09-04T10:14:21","slug":"prah-kristalnega-kremena-ki-se-vdihuje","status":"publish","type":"fact","link":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/sl\/fact\/prah-kristalnega-kremena-ki-se-vdihuje\/","title":{"rendered":"prah kristalnega kremena, ki se vdihuje"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ocenjuje se, da je pribli\u017eno 5 milijonov zaposlenih v Evropski uniji izpostavljenih prahu kristalnega silicijevega dioksida. Rudarski prah predstavlja najve\u010dje tveganje za okoljske plju\u010dne bolezni v rudarstvu, gradbeni\u0161tvu in nekaterih drugih industrijah. <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Prah kristalnega kremena, ki se vdihuje (RCS) je po razvrstitvi IARC rakotvorne snovi skupine 1, kar pomeni, da je zanesljiv povzro\u010ditelj raka pri ljudeh. RCS lahko ob dolgotrajni izpostavljenosti povzro\u010di hude bolezni dihal in celo plju\u010dnega raka, tveganje pa nastane z vdihavanjem prahu. <\/p>\n

Kje se pojavljajo tveganja<\/h2>\n

Izpostavljenost prahu silicijevega dioksida se pojavlja predvsem pri povr\u0161inskem in podzemnem rudarjenju ter gradbeni\u0161tvu (gradnja in\u017eenirskih objektov in podzemni in\u017eeniring). Na podro\u010dju podzemnega in\u017eenirstva je treba omeniti zlasti podro\u010dja zemeljskih del, gradbeni\u0161tva in predorov. Poleg tega so panoge, v katerih se kristalni silicijev dioksid uporablja kot surovina, cementna industrija, kemi\u010dna, kerami\u010dna in steklarska industrija (pesek za taljenje stekla), livarska industrija (livarski pesek) ter industrija gume, plastike in barv (polnilo). Velike emisije prahu, ki lahko vsebujejo prah kristalnega kremena, ki se vdihuje, so mo\u017ene tudi v kmetijstvu ali vrtnarstvu. V ve\u010dini primerov so zaposleni v mikropodjetjih z najve\u010d devetimi zaposlenimi. <\/p>\n

Silicijev prah nastaja predvsem pri pridobivanju in predelavi surovin, ki vsebujejo minerale, ki vsebujejo silicijev dioksid. Poleg tega silicijev prah nastaja pri (ve\u010dinoma mehaniziranih in hitrih) postopkih obdelave, kot so rezanje, \u017eaganje, vrtanje, bru\u0161enje in drobljenje kamnin, betona, asfalta, malte, opeke in kerami\u010dnih izdelkov. Druge dejavnosti vklju\u010dujejo ravnanje s suhimi materiali, ki vsebujejo kristalni silicijev dioksid, njihovo me\u0161anje ali grabljenje, prav tako pa lahko pride do spro\u0161\u010danja silicijevega prahu pri postopkih, kot je peskanje s stisnjenim zrakom s peskom ali steklom. <\/p>\n

Prah, ki se je \u017ee usedel, se lahko ponovno prenese v zrak, \u010de ga dvignejo vozila ali veter, kar lahko izpostavi tudi ljudi, ki stojijo na gradbeni\u0161tvu.<\/p>\n

Ve\u010d o snovi<\/h2>\n

Kristalni silicijev dioksid je drugi najpogostej\u0161i rudar v zemeljski skorji. V razli\u010dnih koli\u010dinah se pojavlja v ve\u010dini kamnin in predstavlja ve\u010dino svetovnih nahajali\u0161\u010d peska. V manj\u0161ih koli\u010dinah ga najdemo tudi v glini. Izdelki, v katerih je vezan silicijev dioksid, niso nevarni. Vendar pa lahko med pridobivanjem in predelavo, tj. peskanjem, rezanjem, sekanjem, vrtanjem, bru\u0161enjem itd. izdelkov, ki vsebujejo silicijev dioksid, nastanejo majhni delci, ki lahko pridejo v plju\u010da in jih ogro\u017eajo (“prah kristalnega kremena, ki se vdihuje”). <\/p>\n

Nevarnosti, ki se lahko pojavijo<\/h2>\n

Glavni zdravstveni u\u010dinek vdihavanja prahu kristalnega silicijevega dioksida je razvoj silikoze. Silikoza je trajno brazgotinjenje plju\u010d zaradi vdihavanja prahu silicijevega dioksida. Ob telesnem naporu se pojavijo te\u017eave z dihanjem, ki se v\u010dasih razvijejo v zadihanost v mirovanju. Nekateri ljudje imajo tudi ka\u0161elj z izka\u0161ljevanjem ali brez njega. Zgodnji simptomi silikoze so lahko tudi nagnjenost k oku\u017ebam dihal. Ni jasno, kako to\u010dno prah kristalnega kremena, ki se vdihuje, povzro\u010da plju\u010dnega raka – najverjetnej\u0161i vzrok je kopi\u010denje prahu v plju\u010dih. Zaradi njegove strupenosti naravni obrambni mehanizmi telesa te\u017eko odstranijo prah, zato ta ostane v plju\u010dnem tkivu in povzro\u010da stalna vnetja. <\/p>\n

Kaj lahko storite<\/h2>\n

Najbolj\u0161a re\u0161itev je prepre\u010devanje nastajanja trdnih delcev z zamenjavo, na primer z uporabo izdelkov z nizko vsebnostjo prahu (npr. blago iz silosa namesto blaga v vre\u010dkah). \u010ce zamenjava ni mogo\u010da, je treba prepre\u010diti ali vsaj zmanj\u0161ati izpostavljenost prahu silicijevega dioksida. Prepre\u010devanje ali zmanj\u0161evanje prahu lahko dose\u017eete z uporabo metod dela z nizko vsebnostjo prahu in strojev, ki delujejo z odsesavanjem ali mokro obdelavo. Redno \u010distite delovna obmo\u010dja in delovne prostore, izogibajte se usedlinam prahu, predvsem pa se izogibajte ponovnemu dvigovanju prahu med \u010di\u0161\u010denjem (tj. ne pometajte na suho in ne pihajte, temve\u010d uporabljajte sesalnike za prah ali sesalnike). Neprestano spremljajte, ali prihaja do nastajanja prahu in ali je treba prilagoditi ukrepe za obvladovanje tveganja. <\/p>\n

Pri dejavnostih, pri katerih se veliko pra\u0161i, je treba delovna obmo\u010dja razdeliti na lo\u010dene prostore, v katerih se delo lahko izvaja zaporedno, da se prepre\u010di stik tretjih oseb s prahom.<\/p>\n

Osebno varovalno opremo (za\u0161\u010dito dihal) je treba uporabljati le kot zadnjo mo\u017enost, kadar tehni\u010dni ukrepi ne zadostujejo za za\u0161\u010dito uporabnika pred vdihavanjem \u0161kodljivih prahu, hlapov ali plinov. Vendar je za nekatera delovna mesta ali delovne naloge dihalni aparat lahko edina prakti\u010dna re\u0161itev. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","carcinogens":[6383],"class_list":["post-77308","fact","type-fact","status-publish","hentry","carcinogens-vdihljiv-kristalni-silicijev-dioksid"],"yoast_head":"\nprah kristalnega kremena, ki se vdihuje - STOP carcinogens at work<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Mineralni prah predstavlja najve\u010dje tveganje za okoljske plju\u010dne bolezni v rudarstvu, gradbeni\u0161tvu in nekaterih drugih industrijah.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/sl\/fact\/prah-kristalnega-kremena-ki-se-vdihuje\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sl_SI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"prah kristalnega kremena, ki se vdihuje\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Mineralni prah predstavlja najve\u010dje tveganje za okoljske plju\u010dne bolezni v rudarstvu, gradbeni\u0161tvu in nekaterih drugih industrijah.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/sl\/fact\/prah-kristalnega-kremena-ki-se-vdihuje\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"STOP carcinogens at work\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-09-04T10:14:21+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"4 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\\\/sl\\\/fact\\\/prah-kristalnega-kremena-ki-se-vdihuje\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\\\/sl\\\/fact\\\/prah-kristalnega-kremena-ki-se-vdihuje\\\/\",\"name\":\"prah kristalnega kremena, ki se vdihuje - 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