{"id":57776,"date":"2023-08-29T10:09:16","date_gmt":"2023-08-29T10:09:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/fact\/formaldehit\/"},"modified":"2025-05-15T16:15:05","modified_gmt":"2025-05-15T16:15:05","slug":"formaldehit","status":"publish","type":"fact","link":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/tr\/fact\/formaldehit\/","title":{"rendered":"Formaldehit"},"content":{"rendered":"

1990’lar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda yap\u0131lan mevcut en son de\u011ferlendirmeye g\u00f6re 971.000 i\u015f\u00e7inin formaldehite maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahmin edilmektedir.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Formaldehit ilk maruziyette ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemi tepkisine neden olabilen cilt hassasla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bir maddedir. Akut maruziyet g\u00f6zler, burun ve bo\u011faz i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a tahri\u015f edicidir ve maruz kalan ki\u015finin \u00f6ks\u00fcrmesine ve h\u0131r\u0131lt\u0131l\u0131 nefes almas\u0131na neden olabilir. Daha sonraki maruziyet ciltte, g\u00f6zlerde ve solunum yollar\u0131nda ciddi alerjik reaksiyonlara neden olabilir ve ast\u0131m benzeri solunum sorunlar\u0131na ve dermatit ve ka\u015f\u0131nt\u0131 gibi cilt tahri\u015fine neden olabilir. Formaldehit, CLP Y\u00f6netmeli\u011finde Kanserojen Kategori 1B olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, bu da muhtemelen insanlarda akci\u011fer kanserine (nazofaringeal kanser ve miyeloid l\u00f6semi) neden oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na gelir. <\/p>\n

Risklerin olu\u015ftu\u011fu yerler<\/h2>\n

Avrupa’da en fazla formaldehit kullanan end\u00fcstri, farkl\u0131 panel t\u00fcrlerinde ah\u015fap par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, lifleri veya kaplamalar\u0131 ba\u011flayan ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n ve yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n bile\u015fenlerinden biri oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in ah\u015fap bazl\u0131 panel end\u00fcstrisidir. Ayr\u0131ca sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetleri, cenaze, tekstil, deri ve ka\u011f\u0131t end\u00fcstrisinde de formaldehite maruz kal\u0131nmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar formaldehiti gaz veya buhar olarak soluyabilir veya \u00f6rne\u011fin tekstil \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin i\u015flenmesi ve re\u00e7ine \u00fcretimi s\u0131ras\u0131nda s\u0131v\u0131 olarak deri yoluyla emebilirler. Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 ile t\u0131bbi laboratuvar ve laboratuar teknisyenlerine ek olarak, potansiyel olarak y\u00fcksek risk alt\u0131ndaki gruplar aras\u0131nda morg \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra formaldehit veya formalin ile korunmu\u015f biyolojik numuneleri i\u015fleyen ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar ve \u00f6\u011frenciler de bulunmaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n

Madde hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi<\/h2>\n

Formaldehit genellikle sulu (su bazl\u0131) \u00e7\u00f6zeltilerde bulunan, olduk\u00e7a u\u00e7ucu ve y\u00fcksek derecede yan\u0131c\u0131 olan renksiz, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc kokulu bir gazd\u0131r. T\u0131bbi laboratuvarlarda ve morglarda koruyucu olarak yayg\u0131n bir \u015fekilde kullan\u0131lan formaldehit ayr\u0131ca kimyasallar, yonga levha, ev \u00fcr\u00fcnleri, yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar, kal\u0131c\u0131 pres kuma\u015flar, ka\u011f\u0131t \u00fcr\u00fcn kaplamalar\u0131, lif levha ve kontrplak gibi bir\u00e7ok \u00fcr\u00fcnde bulunur. Ayr\u0131ca end\u00fcstriyel mantar ilac\u0131, mikrop \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc ve dezenfektan olarak da yayg\u0131n bir \u015fekilde kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Formaldehit, h\u00fccresel metabolizmam\u0131z veya petrol yak\u0131tlar\u0131 gibi organik maddelerin eksik yanmas\u0131 gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli s\u00fcre\u00e7lerde do\u011fal olarak \u00fcretilir, bu da \u00e7evrede her zaman bir arka plan konsantrasyonu oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na gelir. <\/p>\n

Olu\u015fabilecek tehlikeler<\/h2>\n

Formaldehitin %90’\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131 \u00fcst solunum yollar\u0131ndan emilir. Formaldehite akut maruziyet ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131na ve solunum yollar\u0131nda, ciltte ve g\u00f6zlerde tahri\u015fe neden olabilir. Havadaki konsantrasyonun d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seviyelerinde kronik maruziyet, ast\u0131ma benzer solunum problemlerine neden olabilir ve cilt temas\u0131 dermatit veya ka\u015f\u0131nt\u0131 \u015feklinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan tahri\u015fe neden olabilir. Baz\u0131 insanlar hassasla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6zelliklere di\u011ferlerinden daha duyarl\u0131d\u0131r, bu nedenle maruziyetin etkileri baz\u0131 insanlarda farkl\u0131 \u015fekilde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir veya hi\u00e7 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmayabilir.
\nFormaldehitin burun ve bo\u011faz kanserine neden oldu\u011fu bilinmektedir. Maruz kalma konsantrasyonu ne kadar y\u00fcksek ve maruz kalma s\u00fcresi ne kadar uzun olursa kanser riski de o kadar artar. Formaldehite maruz kalmak, semptomlara neden olmayacak kadar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seviyelerde bile kansere yakalanma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rabilir. <\/p>\n

Maruziyet ve formaldehitle ili\u015fkili burun kanseri aras\u0131ndaki gecikme s\u00fcresi, baz\u0131 akut kanser t\u00fcrleri i\u00e7in 2 y\u0131ldan 15 y\u0131la kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck farkl\u0131l\u0131klar g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yapabilecekleriniz<\/h2>\n

Maruziyeti \u00f6nlemenin en etkili yolu, m\u00fcmk\u00fcnse \u00fcr\u00fcnleri formaldehit i\u00e7ermeyen alternatiflerle de\u011fi\u015ftirmektir (\u00f6rn. dezenfektan olarak). \u0130kame m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011filse, en iyi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm kapal\u0131 sistemler ve emisyonlar\u0131n olu\u015fabilece\u011fi yerlerde yerel egzoz havaland\u0131rmas\u0131 kurmak gibi tasar\u0131m ve m\u00fchendislik de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri yoluyla maruziyeti kontrol etmektir. CLP adresine g\u00f6re kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n \u00fczerinde formaldehit i\u00e7eren t\u00fcm kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 veya \u00e7\u00f6zeltileri etiketleyin. Ne zaman ve nerede \u00f6nlem al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011finin bilinmesi i\u00e7in periyodik olarak uygun maruziyet \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmleri yap\u0131n. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 maruziyetin etkileri konusunda s\u00fcrekli olarak bilin\u00e7lendirin ve tehlikeler, g\u00fcvenli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma uygulamalar\u0131 ve etkili hijyen \u00f6nlemleri konusunda e\u011fitin. Bir i\u015fyeri hekiminin dahil edilmesi tavsiye edilir ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 solunum semptomlar\u0131n\u0131 bildirmeleri i\u00e7in te\u015fvik edin. Solunum maskeleri gibi ki\u015fisel koruyucu ekipmanlar maruziyeti azaltmak i\u00e7in k\u0131sa vadeli bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmd\u00fcr ve yaln\u0131zca son \u00e7are olarak kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n

Kaynaklar: ECHA, IARC, SCOEL<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","carcinogens":[2516],"class_list":["post-57776","fact","type-fact","status-publish","hentry","carcinogens-formaldehit"],"yoast_head":"\nFormaldehit - STOP carcinogens at work<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Formaldehit ilk maruziyette ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemi tepkisine neden olabilen cilt hassasla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bir ajand\u0131r. 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