{"id":57891,"date":"2024-01-04T09:27:34","date_gmt":"2024-01-04T09:27:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/fact\/nitrosamines\/"},"modified":"2026-06-13T11:31:35","modified_gmt":"2026-06-13T11:31:35","slug":"nitrosamines","status":"publish","type":"fact","link":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/tr\/fact\/nitrosamines\/","title":{"rendered":"Nitrozaminler"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sadece kau\u00e7uk sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde AB\u2019de 350.000\u2019den fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan istihdam edilmektedir; buna ek olarak, yakla\u015f\u0131k 260.000 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n metal i\u015fleme s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131 ve korozyon \u00f6nleyicilere maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahmin edilmektedir. Nitrozaminler genellikle kas\u0131tl\u0131 olarak \u00fcretilmez, ancak belirli reaksiyon ko\u015fullar\u0131 alt\u0131nda ikincil aminler ve nitrozasyon ajanlar\u0131ndan olu\u015fur. Nitrozaminlerin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilece\u011fi tipik i\u015fyerleri kau\u00e7uk, deri, metal i\u015f\u00e7ileri ve kimya end\u00fcstrileridir. Soluma ve deriye maruz kalma, nitrozaminlere maruz kalman\u0131n ana yollar\u0131d\u0131r. Bir\u00e7ok Nitrozamin, S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma, Etiketleme ve Ambalajlama’ya g\u00f6re Carcinogen Kategori 1A, 1B veya 2 olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Epidemiyolojik veriler, hem i\u015f ortamlar\u0131nda hem de genel n\u00fcfusta nitrozaminlere exposure’un \u00e7e\u015fitli kanser t\u00fcrleri ile ili\u015fkili olabilece\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir. <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Risklerin olu\u015ftu\u011fu yerler<\/h2>\n

Kau\u00e7uk end\u00fcstrisinde tartma, kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma, yar\u0131 mamul i\u015fleme, vulkanizasyon ve son i\u015flem gibi faaliyetler s\u0131ras\u0131nda Nitrozaminlere maruz kalma s\u00f6z konusu olabilir. Kau\u00e7uk \u00fcr\u00fcnleri de Nitrozaminler i\u00e7in potansiyel kaynaklar olabilir. Metal i\u015fleme s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131 y\u00fcksek nitrat\/nitrit seviyeleri i\u00e7eriyorsa, metal i\u015fleme end\u00fcstrisinde exposure’\u0131n meydana geldi\u011fi bildirilmi\u015ftir. Tipik g\u00f6revler aras\u0131nda makinelerin bak\u0131m\u0131 ve servisi, operat\u00f6r\u00fcn yak\u0131n\u0131nda bulunan tak\u0131m tezgahlar\u0131n\u0131n manuel olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u0131ras\u0131nda metal i\u015fleme s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ve kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n p\u00fcsk\u00fcrme, s\u0131\u00e7rama veya buharla\u015fma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 say\u0131labilir. Ancak, bu ko\u015fullar\u0131n Avrupa’da hala ge\u00e7erli olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinmemektedir. Kimya end\u00fcstrisinde aminlerin \u00fcretimi ve kullan\u0131m\u0131 ile aminlerin bo\u015faltma ve doldurma i\u015flemleri ve bunlar\u0131n di\u011fer kimyasal i\u015flemlerde kullan\u0131m\u0131, \u00f6rne\u011fin p\u0131ht\u0131la\u015fma i\u015flemiyle kaplama, poliakrilonitril elyaf \u00fcretimi, Nitrozaminlerin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilece\u011fi i\u015f yerleridir. Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte, deri end\u00fcstrisi, elektronik end\u00fcstrisi ve d\u00f6k\u00fcmhanelerde de bu durumdan etkilenen i\u015fyerleri bulunmaktayd\u0131. <\/p>\n

Madde hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi<\/h2>\n

Nitrozaminler ne \u00fcretilir ne de kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Nitrozaminler genellikle ikincil aminlerin di\u011fer azotlu bile\u015fiklerle ve nitrozasyon ajanlar\u0131yla temas etmesi sonucu olu\u015fur. Nitrozasyon ajanlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda azotik asit ve tuzlar\u0131, nitritler, motor egzozundan kaynaklanan azot oksitler veya organik nitro ve nitrozo bile\u015fikleri bulunur. \u0130kincil aminler, kimyasal katk\u0131 maddelerinde veya kullan\u0131ma haz\u0131r \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin bile\u015fenleri olarak bulunabilir. Nitrozaminler olu\u015fturma potansiyeline sahip iyi bilinen ikincil aminler aras\u0131nda \u00f6rne\u011fin dietilamin, dietanolamin, dietilpropilamin, morfolin ve pirolidin bulunur. \u0130kincil aminler, \u00f6rne\u011fin hidroliz, termal veya biyojenik ayr\u0131\u015fma yoluyla, ilgili miktarlarda di\u011fer azot i\u00e7eren bile\u015fiklerden de olu\u015fabilir. Tipik ikincil aminler, korozyon inhibit\u00f6rleri, vulkanizasyon h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcler ve metal i\u015fleme s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131 gibi suyla kar\u0131\u015fabilen veya suyla kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan so\u011futma ya\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda da bulunabilir. <\/p>\n

Olu\u015fabilecek tehlikeler<\/h2>\n

Nitrozaminlere exposure, mesane, mide, yemek borusu, prostat, pankreas ve karaci\u011fer kanserlerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra l\u00f6semi ve multipl miyelom gibi \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli kanser t\u00fcrleriyle ili\u015fkilendirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Exposure and cancer development between them have a latency period of 15 years.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yapabilecekleriniz<\/h2>\n

\u00d6ncelikle, risklerin ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve \u00f6nlenmesi \u00f6nlemleri al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130kincil aminleri, \u00f6zel uygulaman\u0131za uygun ikame maddelerle de\u011fi\u015ftirin; \u00f6rne\u011fin, birincil veya \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcl aminler ve alkanolaminler. Carcinogen nitrozaminler olu\u015fturmayan birka\u00e7 ikincil amin bilinmektedir, \u00f6rne\u011fin disikloheksilamin. Kau\u00e7uk end\u00fcstrisi gibi ikincil aminlerin kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 uygulamalar i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 alternatif kimyasal sistemler mevcuttur. Nitrozamin olu\u015fumu riskini azaltmak i\u00e7in, nitrozasyon ajanlar\u0131n\u0131 veya nitrit gibi \u00f6nc\u00fc maddeleri uzak tutun ve ikincil aminlerin konsantrasyonunu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck tutun. Gerekirse, askorbik asit, s\u00fclfamatlar, p-aminobenzoik asit, alfa-tokoferol, birincil aminler ve birincil alkanolaminler gibi Nitrozamin olu\u015fumunu \u00f6nleyici maddeler kullan\u0131n. \u00dcr\u00fcnlerdeki ikincil aminlerin, nitrozasyon ajanlar\u0131n\u0131n maksimum konsantrasyonunu veya pH de\u011ferini kontrol edin veya izleyin. Varsa, ulusal kullan\u0131m k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131na uyun. \u0130kame m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011filse, mevcut koruyucu \u00f6nlemlerinizin etkili olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 veya ba\u015fka \u00f6nlemlerin al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekip gerekmedi\u011fini kontrol etmek i\u00e7in d\u00fczenli exposure de\u011ferlendirmeleri yap\u0131n. \u0130kame uygulanam\u0131yorsa, kapal\u0131 sistemler veya prosesle ilgili Nitrozaminlerin tahliyesi gibi teknik koruyucu \u00f6nlemler alternatif olarak kullan\u0131labilir. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 exposure’un etkileri konusunda s\u00fcrekli olarak bilgilendirin. Ayr\u0131ca, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlara tehlikeler, g\u00fcvenli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma uygulamalar\u0131 ve etkili hijyen \u00f6nlemleri konusunda e\u011fitim verin. Gerekirse, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n koruyucu giysi ve eldiven gibi uygun ki\u015fisel koruyucu donan\u0131ma sahip olmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flay\u0131n. Ki\u015fisel koruma donan\u0131m\u0131, ancak olas\u0131 teknik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler sunulduktan sonra, son \u00e7are olarak kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n

Kaynaklar: AGS, ECHA, FIOH, DGUV, HSE, BAuA, Statista<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","carcinogens":[2533],"class_list":["post-57891","fact","type-fact","status-publish","hentry","carcinogens-nitrosamines-tr"],"yoast_head":"\nNitrozaminler - STOP carcinogens at work<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Genetik materyale zarar vererek carcinogen oldu\u011fu, mide kanserine yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya alerjik kontakt dermatite neden oldu\u011fu \u015f\u00fcphelenilmektedir.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/tr\/fact\/nitrosamines\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Nitrozaminler\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Genetik materyale zarar vererek carcinogen oldu\u011fu, mide kanserine yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya alerjik kontakt dermatite neden oldu\u011fu \u015f\u00fcphelenilmektedir.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/tr\/fact\/nitrosamines\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"STOP carcinogens at work\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-06-13T11:31:35+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"4 dakika\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\\\/tr\\\/fact\\\/nitrosamines\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\\\/tr\\\/fact\\\/nitrosamines\\\/\",\"name\":\"Nitrozaminler - 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