{"id":57896,"date":"2024-01-04T09:27:50","date_gmt":"2024-01-04T09:27:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/fact\/o-toluidin\/"},"modified":"2026-06-30T13:08:22","modified_gmt":"2026-06-30T13:08:22","slug":"o-toluidin","status":"publish","type":"fact","link":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/tr\/fact\/o-toluidin\/","title":{"rendered":"o-Toluidin"},"content":{"rendered":"

AB\u2019de orto-toluidin (o-Toluidin) maruz kalan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n mevcut say\u0131s\u0131na ili\u015fkin tahminler mevcut de\u011fildir. 2011 y\u0131l\u0131nda, 2006\/2007 verilerine dayanarak, 5.500 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n bu maddeye maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahmin edilmi\u015ftir; bunlar\u0131n 3.100’\u00fc kimyasallar\u0131n ve kimyasal \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin imalat\u0131nda veya kau\u00e7uk \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin imalat\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktayd\u0131. <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Exposure occurs mainly by inhalation and dermal absorption; direct skin contact is not required. Ingestion and eye contact can also lead to exposure. <\/p>\n

o-Toluidin, S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma, Etiketleme ve Ambalajlama Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi kapsam\u0131nda Kanserojenlik Kategorisi 1B\u2019de (b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde deney hayvanlar\u0131ndaki kan\u0131tlara dayal\u0131 olarak insanlarda carcinogen potansiyeli oldu\u011fu varsay\u0131lan) uyumlu bir madde olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130nsanlarda o-Toluidin, idrar kesesi kanserine neden olabilir. Deriden emilim, v\u00fccuttaki toplam y\u00fck\u00fcn artmas\u0131na katk\u0131da bulunabilir. <\/p>\n

Risklerin olu\u015ftu\u011fu yerler<\/h2>\n

O-Toluidin maruz kalma d\u00fczeyleri ge\u00e7mi\u015fte \u00e7ok daha y\u00fcksekti; ancak g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de \u00e7e\u015fitli mesleki ortamlarda, \u00f6zellikle kimya end\u00fcstrisinde o-Toluidinin \u00fcretimi, i\u015flenmesi, numune al\u0131nmas\u0131 veya aktar\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda ya da ara madde olarak kullan\u0131m\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u2013 \u00f6zellikle boya \u00fcretiminde ve bitki koruma \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin imalat\u0131nda \u2013 bu t\u00fcr maruziyetler h\u00e2l\u00e2 g\u00f6r\u00fclebilmektedir. Di\u011fer maruz kalma durumlar\u0131 ise tekstil, bask\u0131 m\u00fcrekkepleri, plastikler, ya\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar ve mineral ya\u011f \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinde kullan\u0131lan azo boyalar veya renklendiricilerden sal\u0131n\u0131m; vulkanizasyon gibi termal i\u015flemler s\u0131ras\u0131nda katk\u0131 maddelerinden sal\u0131n\u0131m; \u00f6zellikle d\u00f6k\u00fcm i\u015flemlerinde organik ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n termal ayr\u0131\u015fmas\u0131; k\u00f6m\u00fcr katran\u0131 i\u00e7eren malzemelerin elle\u00e7lenmesi veya \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131; laboratuvar ve ara\u015ft\u0131rma faaliyetleri nedeniyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir. <\/p>\n

Madde hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi<\/h2>\n

o-Toluidin, end\u00fcstriyel olarak Toluenin nitrasyonu yoluyla \u00fcretilir ve bu i\u015flem sonucunda bir nitrotoluen kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 elde edilir; bu madde, \u00fc\u00e7 izomerik toluidin t\u00fcr\u00fcnden en \u00f6nemlisidir. Renksiz bir s\u0131v\u0131d\u0131r, ancak piyasada bulunan numuneler genellikle sar\u0131ms\u0131 renktedir. o-Toluidin, o-nitrotoluenin biyolojik bozunmas\u0131nda bir ara maddedir ve bu nedenle eski m\u00fchimmat sahalar\u0131nda tespit edilmektedir. o-Toluidin, piroliz s\u0131ras\u0131nda olu\u015fur.
\nAB Kozmetik Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi uyar\u0131nca kozmetik \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinde kullan\u0131m\u0131 yasakland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, o-toluidinin t\u00fcketiciler taraf\u0131ndan do\u011frudan kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinen bir uygulama yoktur. AB\u2019de tekstil \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ve di\u011fer t\u00fcketim mallar\u0131nda, bozunma s\u0131ras\u0131nda o-Toluidin salan azo boyalar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131 yasakt\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, t\u00fcketim \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinden sal\u0131n\u0131mlar nedeniyle t\u00fcketicilerin ve \u00e7evrenin exposure riski ihmal edilebilir d\u00fczeyde g\u00f6r\u00fcnmektedir. <\/p>\n

O-Toluidin i\u00e7in, AB genelinde havada 0,5 mg\/m\u00b3\u2019l\u00fck ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 bir mesleki maruz kalma s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011feri y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fcktedir.<\/p>\n

Ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilecek sa\u011fl\u0131k riskleri<\/h2>\n

o-Toluidin, solunum yoluyla ve deri yoluyla iyi bir \u015fekilde emilir. \u0130\u015fyerinde oral exposure s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir.
\nAkut exposure’un etkilerine dair herhangi bir rapor bulunmamakla birlikte, hayvanlar \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan deney verilerine dayanarak, g\u00f6zler ve cilt \u00fczerinde akut tahri\u015f edici bir etki oldu\u011fu varsay\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n

\u0130drar kesesi kanseri, insanlarda g\u00f6r\u00fclen ilgili sa\u011fl\u0131k etkisi olarak kabul edilmektedir. Baz\u0131 \u00fcye \u00fclkelerde bu hastal\u0131k, ge\u00e7mi\u015fte o-Toluidin ile yap\u0131lan exposure ile ili\u015fkili, tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir meslek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n

Exposure to o-Toluidin and the time between the onset of o-Toluidin-related bladder cancer and its appearance vary greatly, but the time is typically considered to be between 15 and 40 years.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yapabilecekleriniz<\/h2>\n

M\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu durumlarda, ikame edilmesi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmelidir. Olumsuz sa\u011fl\u0131k etkilerinden ka\u00e7\u0131nmak i\u00e7in, exposure’\u0131 ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 mesleki exposure s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011feri veya sa\u011fl\u0131k temelli s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011ferinin alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek son derece \u00f6nemlidir. End\u00fcstriyel s\u00fcre\u00e7lerde teknik kontrol \u00f6nlemlerine \u00f6rnek olarak kapal\u0131 sistemler, genel egzoz ve yerel egzoz havaland\u0131rmas\u0131 verilebilir. Kapal\u0131 sistemlerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131rken bile, \u00f6rne\u011fin numune alma veya bak\u0131m \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda exposure meydana gelebilir. Bu durumlarda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmler ve kontrol \u00f6nlemleri \u00f6nem arz eder. \u00d6nerilen di\u011fer \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma uygulamalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlara tehlike bilgisi ve e\u011fitimi verilmesi ile kimyasal madde kullan\u0131m alanlar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik genel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hijyeni standartlar\u0131 yer al\u0131r. Bak\u0131m ve temizlik g\u00f6revlileri de e\u011fitilmelidir. Bir i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 uzman\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcrece dahil edilmesi tavsiye edilir. O-Toluidin cilt yoluyla iyi emildi\u011finden, ulusal mevzuat kapsam\u0131nda uygunsa maruz kalma de\u011ferlendirmesinin biyomonit\u00f6rleme ile desteklenmesi gerekti\u011fi unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar, maruz kalman\u0131n etkilerinin fark\u0131nda olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ki\u015fisel koruma donan\u0131m\u0131, ancak olas\u0131 m\u00fchendislik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri uyguland\u0131ktan sonra, son \u00e7are olarak kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n

Kaynaklar: ECHA, IOM, SCOEL<\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","carcinogens":[2580],"class_list":["post-57896","fact","type-fact","status-publish","hentry","carcinogens-o-toluidin-tr"],"yoast_head":"\no-Toluidin - STOP carcinogens at work<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Be aware of what you work with! We collected all the important information these causing substances in easy-to-understand factsheets.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/tr\/fact\/o-toluidin\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"o-Toluidin\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Be aware of what you work with! 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