{"id":57899,"date":"2023-08-29T10:09:24","date_gmt":"2023-08-29T10:09:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/fact\/kobalt-bilesikleri\/"},"modified":"2026-06-13T11:31:47","modified_gmt":"2026-06-13T11:31:47","slug":"kobalt-bilesikleri","status":"publish","type":"fact","link":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/tr\/fact\/kobalt-bilesikleri\/","title":{"rendered":"Kobalt bile\u015fikleri"},"content":{"rendered":"

Avrupa Birli\u011fi’nde yakla\u015f\u0131k 80.000 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan, kobalt ve Kobalt bile\u015fikleri ile maruz kalma riski alt\u0131ndad\u0131r. Kobalt maruziyetinin i\u015f ortam\u0131ndaki ba\u015fl\u0131ca yolu, kobalt partik\u00fcllerinin solunmas\u0131d\u0131r. Kobalt maruziyeti, akci\u011fer ve kalp hastal\u0131klar\u0131 riskinin artmas\u0131yla ili\u015fkilendirilmi\u015ftir. Kobalt metali ve \u00e7e\u015fitli bile\u015fikleri, S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma, Etiketleme ve Ambalajlama (CLP)’ye g\u00f6re Kanserojen Kategori 1B olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; bu, insanlarda muhtemelen kansere neden olduklar\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir. Ayr\u0131ca, kobalt metali veya kobalt bile\u015fikleri ile yap\u0131lan exposure’dan sonra alerjik cilt reaksiyonu veya alerjik ast\u0131m ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir. Kobalt ve bir\u00e7ok kobalt bile\u015fi\u011finin, do\u011fmam\u0131\u015f \u00e7ocu\u011fun do\u011furganl\u0131\u011f\u0131na zarar verdi\u011fi de belirtilmektedir. <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Risklerin olu\u015ftu\u011fu yerler<\/h2>\n

Kobalt, m\u0131knat\u0131slar ve kataliz\u00f6rler gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli uygulamalarda ve \u00fcr\u00fcnlerde yer almaktad\u0131r. \u0130lk ba\u015fta, kobalt bile\u015fikleri, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc mavi renkleri nedeniyle \u0131s\u0131ya dayan\u0131kl\u0131 pigmentler ve boyalar olarak end\u00fcstriyel olarak \u00fcretiliyordu. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde kobalt, s\u0131cakl\u0131k kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle esas olarak s\u00fcper ala\u015f\u0131m olarak ve \u015farj edilebilir piller i\u00e7in katot malzemesi bile\u015feni olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Sert metal ve elmas kesici aletlerin \u00fcretiminde ve kullan\u0131m\u0131nda kobalt, ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 malzeme olarak uygulanmaktad\u0131r. Kaynak, kaplama veya pasivasyon gibi y\u00fczey i\u015flemlerinde toz ve partik\u00fcl \u015feklinde exposure meydana gelebilir. Pillerin geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc, sert metal ve kobalt i\u00e7eren aletlerin \u00fcretimi ile kobalt bile\u015fi\u011fi i\u00e7eren tozlar\u0131n i\u015flenmesi de exposureun di\u011fer yollar\u0131d\u0131r. Kobalt ve bile\u015fikleri yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u0130lgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma sekt\u00f6rleri aras\u0131nda pil end\u00fcstrisi, metal end\u00fcstrisi, kimya end\u00fcstrisi, rafineri end\u00fcstrisi, pigment \u00fcretimi, tekstil, deri, ah\u015fap ve ka\u011f\u0131t end\u00fcstrisi bulunmaktad\u0131r. Uygulamalar, di\u011ferlerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra otomotiv, havac\u0131l\u0131k ve savunma sekt\u00f6rlerinde de bulunabilir. <\/p>\n

Madde hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi<\/h2>\n

Kobalt, do\u011fada bulunan kokusuz, \u00e7elik grisi, parlak ve sert bir a\u011f\u0131r metaldir. End\u00fcstriyel a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00f6nemli olan, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckleri farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6steren \u00e7e\u015fitli kobalt tuzlar\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r; \u00f6rne\u011fin kobalt s\u00fclfat, kobalt dinitrat, kobalt karbonat veya kobalt diasetat. Ayr\u0131ca kobalt, \u00f6rne\u011fin kesici aletlerde a\u015f\u0131nma direncini, sertli\u011fi ve mekanik mukavemeti art\u0131r\u0131r. Kobalt, tungsten karb\u00fcr ile birlikte sert metal \u00fcretiminde ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck k\u00fck\u00fcrt i\u00e7eri\u011fine sahip temiz yak\u0131tlar\u0131n \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in kobalt i\u00e7eren kataliz\u00f6rler gereklidir. Korozyon korumas\u0131nda kobalt, motor b\u00f6lmeleri, frenler ve g\u00f6vdedeki elektrikli par\u00e7alar gibi s\u0131cak veya \u00e7ok s\u0131cak ortamlardaki malzemeler i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. <\/p>\n

Olu\u015fabilecek tehlikeler<\/h2>\n

Kobalt ve kobalt bile\u015fikleri \u00fczerine mesleki exposure’un en y\u00fcksek riski, havada bulunan partik\u00fcllerin solunmas\u0131 yoluyla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Ayr\u0131ca, el-a\u011f\u0131z temas\u0131 yoluyla dermal veya oral kobalt exposure riski de bulunmaktad\u0131r. Sert metal \u00fcretimi veya elmas parlatma i\u015flemlerinden kaynaklanan y\u00fcksek konsantrasyonlu havadaki kobalt partik\u00fcllerine exposure, akut solunum sorunlar\u0131na ve hatta pn\u00f6monite (kobalt akci\u011fer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya sert metal akci\u011fer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131) yol a\u00e7abilir. Kobalt, akci\u011ferler veya gastrointestinal sistem yoluyla kan dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131na emilebilir. Uzun s\u00fcreli, s\u00fcrekli kobalt exposureunun uzun vadeli etkileri aras\u0131nda cilt ve akci\u011fer duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, akci\u011fer fonksiyon bozuklu\u011fu, mesleki ast\u0131m, pulmoner fibroz, kalp yetmezli\u011fi ve akci\u011fer kanseri say\u0131labilir. <\/p>\n

Yapabilecekleriniz<\/h2>\n

Maruziyeti \u00f6nlemenin en etkili yolu, daha g\u00fcvenli, kobalt i\u00e7ermeyen alternatiflerle ikame etmektir. Kobalt ve Kobalt bile\u015fikleri ikamesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ve kobalt kullan\u0131m\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, maruziyeti azaltmaya y\u00f6nelik \u00f6nlemler al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. Kobalt maruziyetini \u00f6nlemenin en etkili yolu, kapal\u0131 sistemler geli\u015ftirmek ve kullanmakt\u0131r. Bunun m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda, exposure’un teknik olarak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca en aza indirilmesini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in etkili yerel egzoz havaland\u0131rmas\u0131 ve i\u015fyerinin iyi havaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi teknik \u00f6nlemler uygulanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Mevcut koruyucu \u00f6nlemlerin etkili olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 veya ba\u015fka \u00f6nlemlerin al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekip gerekmedi\u011fini kontrol etmek i\u00e7in d\u00fczenli exposure \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmleri yap\u0131n. Ulusal mevzuatta uygunsa, biyolojik izleme exposure \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerini destekleyebilir. <\/p>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar, exposure’un etkilerinin fark\u0131nda olmal\u0131 ve solunum sorunlar\u0131 veya cilt alerjilerinin erken belirtilerini bildirmeleri i\u00e7in te\u015fvik edilmelidir. Bir i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hekiminin s\u00fcrece dahil edilmesi tavsiye edilir. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar, maruziyeti \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in kobaltla g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak i\u00e7in gerekli kontrol \u00f6nlemleri konusunda e\u011fitilmelidir. Ayr\u0131ca, t\u00fcm \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlara mola vermeden veya ba\u015fka bir alana girmeden \u00f6nce ellerini d\u00fczg\u00fcn bir \u015fekilde y\u0131kamalar\u0131 ve her vardiyan\u0131n sonunda kendilerini y\u0131kamalar\u0131 ve k\u0131yafetlerini de\u011fi\u015ftirmeleri konusunda talimat verilmelidir. Gerekirse, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n koruyucu giysi ve eldiven gibi uygun ki\u015fisel koruma ekipmana sahip olmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flay\u0131n. Ki\u015fisel koruma ekipman\u0131, olas\u0131 teknik \u00f6nlemler de\u011ferlendirildikten sonra, yaln\u0131zca son \u00e7are olarak kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n

Kaynaklar: S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma, Etiketleme ve Ambalajlama, ECHA (RAC), Kobalt Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","carcinogens":[2526],"class_list":["post-57899","fact","type-fact","status-publish","hentry","carcinogens-kobalt-bilesikleri"],"yoast_head":"\nKobalt bile\u015fikleri - STOP carcinogens at work<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Kobalt exposure has been associated with an increased risk of lung and heart diseases. 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