{"id":57901,"date":"2023-08-29T10:09:24","date_gmt":"2023-08-29T10:09:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/fact\/akrilonitril\/"},"modified":"2025-06-13T13:25:45","modified_gmt":"2025-06-13T13:25:45","slug":"akrilonitril","status":"publish","type":"fact","link":"https:\/\/stopcarcinogensatwork.eu\/tr\/fact\/akrilonitril\/","title":{"rendered":"Akrilonitril"},"content":{"rendered":"

AB’de yakla\u015f\u0131k 10.000 ila 33.000 i\u015f\u00e7i i\u015fyerlerinde Akrilonitrile maruz kalmaktad\u0131r. Akrilonitril cilde kolayca n\u00fcfuz edebildi\u011finden, i\u015f\u00e7iler dermal temas yoluyla da maruz kalabilmelerine ra\u011fmen, soluma birincil maruziyet yolu olarak kabul edilir. <\/p>\n

Akrilonitril Kanserojen Kategori 1B olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ( S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma, Etiketleme ve Ambalajlama y\u00f6netmeli\u011fine g\u00f6re), bu da hayvan kan\u0131tlar\u0131na dayanarak insanlar i\u00e7in kanserojen potansiyele sahip oldu\u011fu varsay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir. Akrilonitril maruziyeti akci\u011fer kanserine neden olabilir ve akrilonitrilin mesane kanserine neden olabilece\u011fine dair kan\u0131tlar vard\u0131r. <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Risklerin olu\u015ftu\u011fu yerler<\/h2>\n

Akrilonitrilin birincil kullan\u0131m\u0131, akrilik ve modakrilik tekstil elyaflar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in hammaddedir. Di\u011fer ba\u015fl\u0131ca kullan\u0131m alanlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda kimyasallar\u0131n, kau\u00e7uk \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin ve plastik \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin imalat\u0131 yer almaktad\u0131r; akrilonitril ve stiren ayr\u0131ca stiren-akrilonitril (SAN) ve akrilonitril-b\u00fctadien-stiren (ABS) re\u00e7inelerinin \u00fcretiminde birlikte kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n

Madde hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi<\/h2>\n

Normal s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve bas\u0131n\u00e7ta, akrilonitril keskin bir kokuya sahip berrak, renksiz bir s\u0131v\u0131d\u0131r. Biyok\u00fctle, kereste ve t\u00fct\u00fcn gibi bitkisel maddelerin yanmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda az miktarda akrilonitril a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kar. Akrilonitril u\u00e7ak, savunma, havac\u0131l\u0131k ve otomotiv sekt\u00f6rlerinde yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n

Olu\u015fabilecek tehlikeler<\/h2>\n

Solundu\u011funda veya cilde temas yoluyla emildi\u011finde, toksisite i\u00e7in birincil hedef merkezi sinir sistemidir.<\/p>\n

Akrilonitril ayr\u0131ca cildi, g\u00f6zleri ve solunum yollar\u0131n\u0131 lokal olarak tahri\u015f edebilir ve ciltte hassasiyete neden olabilir. Bu toksisitenin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 akrilonitrilin siyan\u00fcre metabolize olmas\u0131ndan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n

Daha y\u00fcksek maruziyet seviyelerinde, akrilonitril, doza ve maruziyet s\u00fcresine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak, kol ve bacaklarda g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fczl\u00fck, solunum g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, ba\u015f d\u00f6nmesi, muhakeme bozuklu\u011fu, siyanoz ve mide bulant\u0131s\u0131ndan kollaps, d\u00fczensiz solunum ve konv\u00fclsiyonlara kadar uzanan di\u011fer etkilerle de ili\u015fkilidir.<\/p>\n

Akrilonitrilin s\u0131v\u0131 veya buhar formlar\u0131na akut inhalasyon maruziyeti (genellikle kazara sal\u0131n\u0131m sonucu meydana gelir) burun, g\u00f6z ve \u00fcst solunum yollar\u0131n\u0131n mukoza zarlar\u0131n\u0131n tahri\u015fi de dahil olmak \u00fczere bir dizi etkiyle ili\u015fkilendirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Maruziyet ve akrilonitril ile ili\u015fkili beyin kanseri aras\u0131ndaki gecikme s\u00fcresi ile ilgili olarak, 30 y\u0131ll\u0131k bir gecikme s\u00fcresi s\u00f6z konusudur.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yapabilecekleriniz<\/h2>\n

\u0130\u015fyerinde, maruziyeti \u00f6nlemenin en etkili yolu akrilonitrilin ikame edilmesidir, \u00f6rne\u011fin ABS \u00fcretiminde metakrilonitril (2-metil-2-propen-nitril) ile de\u011fi\u015ftirilebilir. Akrilonitrilin ikamesinin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve akrilonitril kullan\u0131m\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda, maruziyeti azaltacak \u00f6nlemler al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n

Akrilonitril maruz kalmay\u0131 \u00f6nlemenin en etkili yolu kapal\u0131 sistemler geli\u015ftirmek ve kullanmakt\u0131r. Bunun m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda, maruziyetin teknik olarak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca en aza indirilmesini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in i\u015fyerinin iyi havaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla desteklenen etkili yerel egzoz havaland\u0131rmas\u0131 gibi teknik \u00f6nlemler uygulanmal\u0131 ve bunlar\u0131n etkinli\u011fi kontrol edilmelidir. <\/p>\n

Uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z koruyucu \u00f6nlemlerin etkili olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 veya ba\u015fka \u00f6nlemlerin al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekip gerekmedi\u011fini kontrol etmek i\u00e7in d\u00fczenli maruziyet de\u011ferlendirmeleri uygulay\u0131n. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar maruziyetin etkilerinin fark\u0131nda olmal\u0131 ve maruziyeti \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in akrilonitril ile g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak i\u00e7in gerekli kontrol \u00f6nlemleri konusunda d\u00fczenli olarak e\u011fitilmelidir. Bir i\u015fyeri hekiminin dahil edilmesi tavsiye edilir. <\/p>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n, gerekirse koruyucu giysi ve eldiven gibi yeterli ki\u015fisel koruyucu ekipmana sahip oldu\u011fundan emin olun. Ki\u015fisel koruyucu ekipman tek \u00f6nleyici tedbir olarak kullan\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Yukar\u0131daki teknik ve organizasyonel \u00f6nlemlerin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca \u00e7o\u011fu \u00f6nceden uygulanm\u0131\u015f olmal\u0131d\u0131r. G\u00f6z ve y\u00fcz korumas\u0131, eldiven, koruyucu giysi ve solunum korumas\u0131 gibi do\u011fru ki\u015fisel koruyucu ekipman\u0131n kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olun. Ayr\u0131ca, ekipman se\u00e7erken, ekipman\u0131 kullanacak i\u015f\u00e7ilerin anatomisi dikkate al\u0131nmal\u0131 ve y\u00fcz ayar\u0131na dayal\u0131 solunum koruyucu ekipman s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda, her ki\u015fi \u00fczerinde bir uyum testi yap\u0131lmas\u0131 \u015fiddetle tavsiye edilir. Ayr\u0131ca, t\u00fcm \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlara mola vermeden veya ba\u015fka bir alana girmeden \u00f6nce ellerini d\u00fczg\u00fcn bir \u015fekilde y\u0131kamalar\u0131 ve her vardiya sonunda kendilerini y\u0131kamalar\u0131 ve k\u0131yafetlerini de\u011fi\u015ftirmeleri talimat\u0131 verilmelidir. <\/p>\n

Ki\u015fisel koruyucu ekipman sadece son \u00e7are olarak kullan\u0131lmal\u0131 ve olas\u0131 teknik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler t\u00fcketildikten sonra sadece ge\u00e7ici olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmelidir. \u0130\u015f\u00e7iler KKD’nin do\u011fru kullan\u0131m\u0131 ve bak\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli e\u011fitim ve bilgileri almal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n

Referanslar:, S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma, Etiketleme ve Ambalajlama, IARC, Etki De\u011ferlendirmesi, RAC<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","carcinogens":[2568],"class_list":["post-57901","fact","type-fact","status-publish","hentry","carcinogens-akrilonitril"],"yoast_head":"\nAkrilonitril - STOP carcinogens at work<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"AB'de 10.000 ila 33.000 i\u015f\u00e7i akrilonitrile maruz kalmaktad\u0131r. 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